One hundred years ago, an art design school opened in Germany profoundly influenced the change and development of modern art design in the world. This great educational project is Bauhaus in Germany. A century later, this radical idea still affects our lives. It has a great influence not only on the world, but also on the art design education in China. The Central Academy of Fine Arts in China inherited Bauhaus's radical art education thought. This paper introduces Bauhaus's "glorious and bumpy history from beginning to end 14 years" in detail. Bauhaus in Germany was the first truly revolutionary design movement. Although this movement only existed for 14 years, its influence is worldwide. Different from ordinary schools, Bauhaus is not a single concept, but a collection of many advanced and bold artistic design ideas. In the glorious historical period of fourteen years, many bold artists came here after the war to locate the art of the new era. Finally, it left a brilliant legacy to the world. In fact, there are no such students in China's most daring Academy of Fine Arts (Central Academy of Fine Arts). They hope to change society and move towards the future through design. They hope to design a very novel design product. They want to break the traditional norms and stand at the forefront of aesthetic development. This radical idea originated from Bauhaus. This is also the reason why Bauhaus spread this radical idea all over the world and influenced the world.

Bauhaus's main thoughts in different periods and their reasons.

First, the formation of Bauhaus College

Gropius changed "Hausbau" to "Bauhaus" and established the National Bauhaus College as its school name in 19 19. Therefore, Gropius showed the hegemonic difference between his thought, educational purpose and traditional college education in this school.

Now, during the 100 years since its birth, Bauhaus is still one of the most outstanding movements in the modernist era. Its core transcendence is mainly manifested in the new form. Bauhaus opposes any decoration and takes functionalism as the highest pursuit, completely breaking the principle that design serves the nobility for thousands of years before bringing art and design into people's daily production and consumption life.

According to Joseph Al, the NestingTable "Bauhaus" was closed by the Nazis as a school only at 13. However, this design concept has become a brand-new genre and style, consciously breaking through hegemony and having a great influence in the world.

People's profound world today is based on Bauhaus's design concept, and the buildings and designs around us can reflect the shadow of Bauhaus.

On the occasion of100th anniversary, with Germany as the center, all kinds of retrospection and retrospection of Bauhaus around the world are burning. Although it is short and ancient, today, after 100 years, it is difficult for modern designers to say whether the real source of that concept is possible except Bauhaus.

Second, the Bauhaus in the capitalist era

In my opinion, the core of Bauhaus concept is mainly related to industrial civilization. In Bauhaus, all workers have the ideal of living in the same house and enjoying the same sunshine. Therefore, all the houses are designed according to the standard and have the socialist ideal, and their education is also carried out according to this ideal.

However, this ideal was only the initial idea, and later it was widely recognized by the world. Is it not because it caters to capitalist industrial production?

At this point, it should be said from two aspects. First, the civilized mode of production in agriculture can't develop so fast, and second, more people can really enjoy the same quality of life. It is important to reduce costs in large-scale industrial production and let capitalists get more opportunities to make money in the early days of capitalism. On the other hand, we can let more people enjoy the same quality of life, because the cost has dropped.

With the development of today's era, we begin to emphasize personalized needs, and people's requirements become higher, not just ordinary functional things.

Therefore, Bauhaus's design can be summarized in two simplest words: function. This function has practical functions such as convenience and comfort in people's lives. It can be produced in batches in the production process, and also has the functions of improving speed and reducing cost.

So Bauhaus has had a great influence on all of us, capitalists and the social development of the country, and played a very important role. The country with the best development must be the country with the strongest manufacturing. The manufacturing industry here must be industrial production, not agricultural production.

3. What is the education and its influence after the formation of Bauhaus system?

Bauhaus's basic education is different from China's. Domestic design education is the education of design techniques, which we call "professional education", while Bauhaus's design education attaches importance to people's ideological training and potential inspiration.

Especially in the Genese class at that time, it gave people the feeling of yearning for visual arts. Although there seems to be no clear professional tendency today, students are allowed to release their feelings in various ways and stimulate the potential of art. Therefore, there is almost no technical training in basic courses, and there are many trainings such as "the linkage of lines and movements" and "the method of meditation".

In addition, there is a three-dimensional composition of geometry, stage, posture, performance and spatial relationship. These courses not only refer to design experts, but also cultivate people's comprehensive feelings. Students all have this quality, especially when they study majors with this idea, they will naturally integrate this quality into their own designs, so their works are very emotional.

Fourth, the Bauhaus thought after Germany's defeat and its formation?

Generally speaking, it may be because most people in poor times are full of ideals and hungry. I also wonder why Bauhaus brought such an excellent artist there at that time. After World War II, while the economy took off, art also made new development. Therefore, many people made a new revolution in thought and art at that time.

What is your understanding of the genre and style of Bauhaus? Regarding the classification of "Bauhaus" into "genre" and "style", I think it still belongs to the art design field. I think Bauhaus's influence on design and architectural education is more important. The influence on the whole education field is far greater than a certain "genre" and "style". Therefore, it is called "the birthplace of modern design education".

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Design idea after the industrial revolution is basically completed?

So far, the design has put more emphasis on the craft including the new youth movement, forming a "curve" shape, which is just the opposite of Bauhaus's design style.

How to give consideration to industrial art and manual art of mass production?

This is the choice of two aesthetics and two lifestyles, and it can also be said that it is related to personal values. The ultra-simple style once ruled the world, which reflects that the aesthetic ability of modernism is very attractive. For a while, I felt that there was more connotation behind this very simple thing.

For Toyo people, Toyo has the philosophy of "Zen", so it is very simple, and it is also "extremely complicated" for him. Japanese design embodies this. But for Germans, when they became very simple, they were influenced by oriental culture, but to some extent, they could not walk and needed to carry things, so the "edge" of their products became thicker and thicker.

For example, the contrast looks thicker, sharper and lighter. I think this is a reflection of two cultures. However, behind this "lightness" of Japan, the "thickness" of Germany with obvious religious feelings is mostly materialized.

Sixth, how to apply Bauhaus's thoughts to his own creative thinking?

There must be. My painting process is staged, sometimes emotional and sometimes rational, and there is strict logic behind the works created in the rational stage. In a modular exhibition, many methods of the exhibition are related to Bauhaus design methods including "modules".

Because "module" used to be a common design method in industrial design and architectural design. My creation includes the modular relationship between plane, picture and space and the time module related to creation. After you took this, you made something different. Including my movie clips, supported by internal logic.

What is the greatest significance of this logic to creation? I don't think "freedom" is "freedom without the sun". In fact, in art, true freedom needs good rules. If you use this law to create, you will get amazing results. Therefore, making good rules is the premise of freedom.

Seven, "Bauhaus" can be said to shape the modern life now?

Let's just say. Nowadays, many new ideas in the field of design are bred by "modernism". The style we are talking about today is actually guided by "modernism". From the way, there are inheritance and critical inheritance. In other words, Bauhaus really had too much influence. On the negative side, our life now is too Bauhaus.

Eight, how to know Bauhaus?

Let's talk about it from two angles. First of all, from the perspective of "personalization", products are becoming more and more personalized and diversified. I think everyone should have more and more clear personal choices, and everyone should be different. Secondly, from another point of view, with the development of society, new things will inevitably appear in Bauhaus's design thought, which also creates new possibilities in the process of moving towards the future.

9. What new level will be produced under the current basic mode of social industrial production?

The "Industry 4.0" we are talking about now is something different in the production process of mass production lines, that is, the production of customized products. In this way, the added value of products is high and the production cost is not high. This is also the reason why German industrial production leads the world.

conclusion

Will Bauhaus become pure art in the future?

It's possible. Nowadays, many things in Bauhaus are very expensive, and finding out the reason has become an art. As the most mainstream source of design ideas at present, Bauhaus is a node that designers can never cross, and it will certainly provide great design guidance for future design.

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