I. Learning objectives and requirements

Through the study of this chapter, we can understand and master the concept of the course, the essence and laws of the teaching process, teaching principles, teaching methods, basic links of teaching work, teaching models and other contents, and can use the laws of the teaching process to explain specific problems related to teaching practice.

ⅱ. Nuclear knowledge points

1, course

2. Teaching and teaching process

3. Teaching principles

4. Teaching methods

5. Primary school classroom teaching

Ⅲ. Assessment requirements

(1) Memory:

1. Concepts such as teaching, subject courses, comprehensive courses, activity courses, curriculum plans, curriculum standards, teaching methods, teaching means, questioning methods, classroom teaching system and teaching mode.

2. The content of teaching principles and the types of teaching methods.

(2) Understanding: the classification of courses; The expression form of primary school curriculum; The guiding ideology of teaching methods; Basic links of teaching work.

(3) Applicability: Be able to use the laws and principles of the teaching process to explain specific problems related to teaching practice.

Fourth, the evaluation content

The first section course overview

First, the concept of curriculum

Since the establishment of modern schools, courses have been divided into broad sense and narrow sense. In a broad sense, curriculum refers to the sum of what students learn during their school days and the arrangement of the process. In China, the teaching subjects, teaching contents, teaching sequence and teaching hours of all kinds of schools at all levels are collectively called the courses of a certain school, such as primary school courses, middle school courses and university courses. In a narrow sense, curriculum refers to a certain subject, such as Chinese, mathematics, history and so on.

Second, the types of courses.

According to the way in which teaching content affects students, school courses can be divided into formal courses and informal courses.

Regular courses

Regular curriculum, also known as explicit curriculum, refers to the general name of all courses clearly stipulated in the school curriculum plan. At present, the common formal courses in primary schools are:

1, subject course

2. Activity courses

3. Comprehensive courses

Informal curriculum

Third, the expression of primary school curriculum.

There are four forms of primary school curriculum: curriculum plan, curriculum standards, textbooks and teaching reference books, in which curriculum plan is the overall planning of curriculum, while curriculum standards, textbooks and teaching reference books are the concrete forms of curriculum content.

Section 2 Teaching and Teaching Process

I. Teaching

(A) the definition of teaching

Teaching is an educational activity that teachers purposefully, systematically and step by step guide students to learn the basic knowledge and skills of science and culture, and promote the all-round development of students' body and mind. It is also a bilateral activity between teachers and students.

Teaching is the center of school work.

(C) the task of teaching

Primary school teaching should have the following tasks:

1. Learn systematic basic knowledge of culture and science and master basic skills.

2. Develop intelligence, physical strength and creativity.

3. Teach students to learn and cultivate their self-study ability.

4. Cultivate students' non-intelligence factors.

Second, the teaching process

(A) the nature of the teaching process

1. Teaching process is a special cognitive process.

(1) The teaching process has the commonness of general human cognitive process.

First of all, the general purpose of cognition is the same, which is to understand the objective world, master the scientific truth, and finally achieve the goal of actively transforming the objective world and the subjective world. Secondly, the basic laws and stages of cognition are consistent.

(2) the particularity of the teaching process

First, recognize the immaturity and development of the subject; Second, we should know the indirectness and generality of the object; Third, the way of understanding is simple and efficient.

2. The teaching process is the process of promoting students' all-round physical and mental development.

(B) the law of the teaching process

Teaching law refers to the objective, inevitable, stable and universal connection in the teaching process. The basic law of the teaching process is a high-level and dominant law in the teaching law, and it is an important basis for formulating teaching principles, which mainly includes:

1, the law of combining direct experience with indirect experience

2. The law of combining knowledge with intellectual development.

3. The law of combining knowledge imparting with ideological education.

4. The learning rule of combining teachers' leading with students' main body.

(C) the stage of the teaching process

According to the law of students mastering knowledge, the teaching process can be divided into the following six closely related stages.

1, get ready and inspire.

2, perception of teaching materials, the formation of representation