Examination questions of labor economics

Course code: 03323

1. Multiple-choice questions (there are 20 small questions in this big question, with each small question 1 point, totaling 20 points)

Of the four options listed in each question, only one meets the requirements of the topic. Please fill in the code in brackets after the title. Wrong selection, multiple selection or no selection will not be scored.

1. The meaning of labor supply refers to ()

A under a certain market wage rate, individual or family workers are willing and able to provide working hours.

B. Under the condition that the market wage rate is fixed, the government stipulates the total working hours of workers.

C the sum of physical strength and intelligence used by a country or region to produce a certain use value in a certain period of time.

D. the total working population of a country or region in a certain period.

2. Under the condition of other conditions unchanged, the wage rate remains unchanged, and the shortening of the system labor time will lead to ()

A. The minimum labor supply price rises

B. Reduced labor supply

C. Increase in labor supply

D. Reduced employment opportunities

3. The index reflecting the reaction degree of labor demand change to wage rate change is ()

A. Cross-elasticity of labor demand

B. Self-wage elasticity of labor demand

C. Self-wage elasticity of labor supply

D. Cross-elasticity of labor supply

4. The most important reason for the change of labor demand is ()

A. Wage rate

B. Technological progress

C. Capital scale

D. Nature of the enterprise

5. The marginal product income of labor can be expressed as ()

A. For every unit of labor input, the output will increase.

B. For every additional unit of labor material input, the product value will increase.

C. Product income brought by the average input of unit labor factors

D. product of marginal product of labor and product price

6. If the two types of labor force are the total substitution relationship, the following statement is correct ()

A. The increase in the wage rate of a type of labor force will increase the demand for this type of labor force.

B. An increase in the wage rate of one type of labor force will cause a decrease in the demand of another type of labor force.

C. the cross-wage elasticity of the two types of labor demand is positive.

D. the cross-wage elasticity of the two types of labor demand is negative.

7. As one of the ways of human capital investment, the most prominent feature of vocational and technical training is ().

A. Direct

B. Long-term

C. indirect

D. short-term nature

8. The following statement about the characteristics of human capital is correct ()

A. Human capital is a kind of productive capacity entrusted to workers.

B. People themselves are human capital.

C. Human capital is non-cumulative.

D. Compared with physical capital investment, human capital investment has no risk.

9. The following training belongs to the special training is ()

A. induction certificate training

B. Professional ethics training

C. High-voltage electrician qualification training

D. Literacy training

10. In the dynamic equilibrium model of the labor market, the condition for the establishment of the "divergent cobweb" model is ()

A. the elasticity of labor supply is less than that of labor demand

B. the elasticity of labor supply is greater than that of labor demand.

C. the elasticity of labor supply equals the elasticity of labor demand.

D. the elasticity of labor supply is equal to the elasticity of wages.

1 1. The condition for full employment in the labor market is ()

A. oversupply in the labor market

B. Supply exceeds demand in the labor market

C. the market wage rate is equal to the equilibrium wage rate.

D. the market wage rate is lower than the equilibrium wage rate.

12. The following statement about welfare is ()

A welfare does not constitute a source of income for workers.

Welfare is part of the basic salary.

C. welfare does not constitute product cost.

D. Welfare is the transformation form of wages and an integral part of labor price.

13. The compensation wage difference of utility equalization is caused by ()

A. Differences in labor quality

B. Differences in the amount of labor

C. poor working conditions and risk of injury

D. Differences in labor efficiency

14. Under the condition that the seller monopolizes the product market, the monopoly enterprise ()

At any wage level, it needs less labor than competitive enterprises.

B at any wage level, it needs more labor than competitive enterprises.

C. will pay the same salary as the competitive enterprise.

D. will pay lower wages than competitive enterprises.

15. The basic salary of employees in enterprises that implement piecework wage system depends on ()

A. the value of labor products in a certain period of time

B. Quantity of qualified labor products in a certain period of time

C. Quality of labor products in a certain period of time

D. the production cost of labor products in a certain period of time

L6。 Weakening regional wage differences is the most powerful lever ()

A. Interval trade

B. Capital flows

C. Labour mobility

D. Technical process

17. The following belong to the category of labor relations ()

A. Relationship between employers and workers

B. the relationship between farmers and consumers who sell their products in the market

C. the relationship between writers and publishers arising from the publication of books

D. Relationship between consultants of information consulting companies and various customers

18. The natural unemployment rate refers to ()

A. Unemployment rate when the expected inflation rate is higher than the actual inflation rate

B. Unemployment rate when the expected inflation rate is lower than the actual inflation rate

C. Unemployment rate when the expected inflation rate equals the actual inflation rate

D. Unemployment rate when the expected inflation rate is equal to the average social wage rate

19. The most effective way to solve the technical unemployment is ()

A. Implementing vocational skills development

B. Improving labour market information

C. Make career prediction

D. Shorten the time for workers to find jobs

20. The following jobs belong to the category of employment is ()

A. housework

B. Relief labor

C. Agricultural labor

D. voluntary labor

Second, multiple-choice questions (there are 5 small questions in this big question, 2 points for each small question, a total of 10 points)

Of the five options listed in each question, two to five meet the requirements of the topic. Please fill in the code in the brackets after the title. Wrong selection, multiple selection, less selection or no selection do not score.

2 1. The correct understanding of "changes in labor demand" is ()

A. the increase of wage rate leads to the decrease of labor demand.

B. The increase of wage rate leads to the increase of labor demand.

The change of labor demand is caused by factors other than wage rate.

D. the change of labor demand shows the movement on the same demand curve.

E. the change of labor demand shows the parallel movement of demand curve.

22. Generally speaking, the main factor affecting the labor force participation rate is ().

A. Macroeconomic situation

B. Gender composition of the population

C. Degree of family harmony

D. Education development

E. Improve the insurance and social security systems, etc.

23. The characteristics of the internal labor market include ()

A. the scope is limited to the enterprise.

B. the foundation is the continuous labor relationship between enterprises and employees.

C. The cost of labor mobility is very low

D. there is no employment relationship between enterprises and workers.

E. mainly rely on the market mechanism to allocate labor resources

24. Generally speaking, the forms of adjusting labor relations are ()

A. Increasing employment

B. dismissing existing employees

C. Increase employees' working hours

D. Reduce the working hours of employees

E. Arrange paid holidays

25. In the labor market, the scope and influence of the seller's monopoly mainly depends on ().

A. The degree of organization of workers

B. Organizational size of trade unions

C. Financial situation of trade unions

D. Past practice

E. Enterprise's ability to pay

Third, the noun explanation question (this big question has 5 small questions, each with 3 points, totaling 15 points)

26. Labor demand

27. Employment costs

28. "cobweb stability conditions"

29. Lorenz curve

30. Labor legal relations

4. Short answer questions (4 small questions in this big question, 5 points for each small question, a total of 20 points)

3 1. Briefly describe the main features of the labor force.

32. Briefly describe the objective inevitability of the existence of the labor market.

33. Briefly describe the main steps of human capital investment accounting by using the net present value method.

34. Briefly answer the impact on wages and employment when the labor market is monopolized by sellers.

V. Calculation problem (there are 2 small problems in this big problem, with a total score of 15)

35. (9 points for this question) Table 35 is the year-end demographic data of a certain area (unit: 10,000 people).

age group

male

woman

human population

Labor force population

human population

Labor force population

15-25 years old

22

eight

2 1

six

25-35 years old

28

27

28

26

35-45 years old

32

3 1.6

33

30.8

45-55 years old

30

28.7

29

26.2

55-65 years old

37

34. 1

37

1.5

According to the data in the table:

(1) Calculate the labor force participation rate of the total population aged 15-25 and 25-35 respectively. (6 points) (the score is reserved to two decimal places)

(2) Compare (1) the labor force participation rate of two age groups and analyze the possible reasons. (3 points)

36. (6 points in this question) The relevant data of the unemployment cycle of unemployed people of all ages in a certain place are shown in Table 36, and the average unemployment duration in this area is obtained.

age group

Unemployed population (ten thousand)

Average unemployment time (weeks)

16-30 years old

four

50

30-40 years old

six

40

6. Essay questions (this big question is 2 small questions, each small question is 10, with a total of 20 points)

37. Try to analyze the causes of monopolistic wage differences.

38. On the characteristics of public sector employment decision-making and the reasons for employment growth.