(1) Education has a long history and remarkable achievements.

1.45 thousand began organized educational activities.

2. A relatively complete education system has been established in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Teaching institutions: there are two kinds of Chinese studies and rural studies.

Educational content: "Six Arts" (Ritual, Music, Shooting, Imperial, Calligraphy and Numbering)

Teachers: Teachers are serving or retired officials at that time, with clear division of labor and distinct grades.

Management system: the system of students' school age and study years, examinations, rewards and punishments, and emperor's inspection has been initially formed.

3. The rise of private schools

4. In the Han Dynasty, Imperial College was founded. Local governments run schools, which the county calls "learning", the county calls "learning", the towns call it "embarrassing" and the parties call it "order". Take Confucian classics as teaching materials. Methods of selecting scholars: investigation and recruitment.

5. There were two central education systems in Jin Dynasty, namely Guo Zi School and imperial academy. The system of selecting scholars was added in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.

6. In the Tang Dynasty, the academic system was more complete, and the "six studies and two libraries" (Guo Zi Xue, imperial academy Xue, Four Books Xue, Calligraphy Xue, Arithmetic, Law, Hong Wen Library and Chongwen Library) developed the imperial examination system that began in the Sui Dynasty.

7. The rise of academies in Song Dynasty. "Six Colleges" (Bailudong College, Shigu College, Yingtianfu College, Yuelu College, Songyang College and Maoshan College)

8. imperial academy in Ming and Qing Dynasties

The imperial examination system in Ming and Qing Dynasties can be divided into three types, namely, after having obtained a provincial examination and palace examination.

(2) Highlight the lofty status of teachers and advocate the whole society to respect teachers.

Book of Rites: "The way to learn is difficult for a teacher. Strict teachers respect Tao, while people know how to respect learning. " Xunzi further highlighted the position and role of teachers in the Book of Rites, and thought that a monarch is the foundation of governing the country. "The country will prosper the country, and your education is heavy; When the country is about to perish, it is necessary to belittle teachers and despise Fu. " Han Yu also discussed the role of teachers in detail in On Teachers. These thoughts have influenced the social atmosphere and contributed to the fine tradition of attaching importance to education. The reason why Confucius received unprecedented respect in feudal society is precisely because all previous dynasties respected teachers and valued Taoism.

(3) Emphasize the sacred position of reading and guide the whole society to respect learning.

"Everything is inferior, only reading is high." In the long feudal society, both emperors and subjects regarded reading as a sacred cause and were not allowed to despise and blaspheme. The imperial examination system takes high officials and generous salaries as bait, which further stimulates the mentality of respecting learning in the whole society.

Second, the characteristics of China's educational thought

(A) comprehensive view, that is, the concept of education.

Ancient educators have long recognized that education is a subsystem of the whole social system, and many educational problems are essentially social problems, which must be investigated and solved in the whole social system. The solution of educational problems will inevitably promote the development and progress of the whole society.

(2) Dialectical view, that is, the view of unity of opposites.

Ancient educators emphasized moral education in the first place, but at the same time they did not ignore the role of knowledge education, that is, the concept of "integration of morality, intelligence and physique"

(3) Vipassana, that is, it emphasizes stimulating the inner moral function and consciousness of the subject. Attach importance to stimulating inner consciousness and believe in the inner strength of the subject.