From the psychological point of view, the meaning of mental health can be summarized as follows: individuals can actively adapt to the environment, have a normal level of understanding, have a stable and happy mood, maintain a positive balance with objective reality, have good personality characteristics and have normal self-regulation ability. Therefore, some educators in our country describe the standard of mental health of primary and secondary school students from four aspects according to the discussion of scholars at home and abroad, the characteristics of students' psychological development and the practice of school mental health work: First, they have confidence in themselves. That is, you have a basic understanding of yourself and can make a correct self-evaluation; Second, interested in school life; Third, I like to associate with people and have good interpersonal relationships; Fourth, it has good psychological adaptability. Accordingly, I think the implementation of mental health education for primary and secondary school students should focus on the following aspects.
First, in the teaching of various subjects, we should pay attention to the people-oriented concept and consciously or unconsciously infiltrate mental health education into students.
The so-called teaching and educating people means that as a teacher, we should not only impart knowledge and enlighten students, but also educate them how to behave correctly and healthily, which is the unshirkable obligation of educators.
Therefore, in teaching, every teacher should infiltrate mental health education into students in different disciplines. For example, although math class is boring and monotonous, if teachers can entertain and entertain, and make knowledge rich and interesting in a visual, interesting and life-oriented way, it will be close to students' lives, so that children can acquire knowledge and improve their ability in happiness. In this way, students will not only hate this course, but also like this teacher because they like this course. For another example, in the process of re-learning, teachers should give timely and appropriate encouragement and praise to some students who dare to answer a question, put forward a new point of view and ask a question, which will enable them to establish self-confidence, stimulate the internal motivation of learning and face learning with a healthy attitude. More importantly, teachers should be good at creating an equal, happy and harmonious classroom teaching atmosphere, instead of mechanically and numbly forcing students to accept knowledge or complete tasks in a depressed and suffocating environment with an unhealthy psychology.
In addition, we should also respect students' personality differences and growth environment. For example, some children show innate advantages in liberal arts, but they are obviously insufficient in science, or some children are poor in arts and sciences, but they may be superior in other aspects such as art. At this time, teachers need to respect their differences and teach students in accordance with their aptitude, instead of "forcing the rooster lay eggs" or "driving a duck to the tree". Similarly, students' different growth experiences or growth environments lead to some obvious differences in their personality, study and habits. As educators, we should give them different methods and attitudes on the basis of understanding their actual situation. I think this is the basis of the so-called "no class left" education theory. This is the real people-oriented educational thought.
Two, the class teacher should take the initiative to undertake the responsibility of effective mental health education for students.
Because the class teacher has more contact with the students, he knows more about the individual and collective psychology of the students. It is a very effective way and method to give students psychological health guidance in time according to their individual or collective psychological problems and obstacles.
This requires the head teacher not to be above others, to be close to the students' lives, and sometimes to become intimate friends with students. The head teacher should not be simple and rude, but should carefully find the problems in students' study and life and guide them patiently.
The form of mental health education for students by the head teacher can not be rigidly adhered to a single method, but should take different forms according to the specific situation, such as individual conversation, theme class meeting, group counseling, theme debate and so on. For individual students' psychological problems, we must pay attention to choosing the right occasion and time, otherwise it will make things worse and turn good things into bad things. For another example, due to the pressure of study, I recently found that many students in my class are tired of learning. Then, the head teacher should engage in some recreational activities in class in time, release students' depressed emotions, make their senses happy, and make their children's psychology compensated and return to normal.
Third, set up psychological counseling centers in schools.
Conditional schools should have professional psychological counseling centers, with special personnel in charge. The psychological counseling center should undertake to give lasting counseling, training and observation to some students with psychological obstacles in order to correct their abnormal psychology; The psychological counseling center should also study and analyze the collective mental health of school students, and provide a more scientific basis for the formulation of school education strategies, systems, measures and methods; The psychological counseling center should also undertake regular centralized training for class teachers and teachers in order to improve the overall level of mental health education in schools.
Fourth, the school education department actively carries out a series of scientific and orderly activities, so that students can experience in the activities and grow up healthily in practice.
According to the situation of students of different grades and ages, the education department carries out different targeted sequence activities, and considers physical health education, physical health education and mental health education as a whole, so as to combine them organically and get twice the result with half the effort. For example, one hour of sunshine exercise every day should not be herding sheep, nor should it be single, but should be organized and selective. Students can kill two birds with one stone by cultivating collective ideas in organized activities, expanding interpersonal relationships, and cultivating hobbies in selective activities, so that their body and mind tend to be healthy. For another example, they can exercise their ability to adapt to the environment through outdoor activities; Through various competitions and competitions, his students can be trained to face failures and setbacks bravely; Through legal education, let them learn to restrain their psychological adaptability with reason and so on. In short, we take activities as the carrier, so that students can get rich educational connotation in the process. This kind of education is thousands of times stronger than a single preaching education.
Five, the implementation of home-school interaction of mental health education.
For the mental health education of primary and secondary school students, at least we should interact with parents, and I think the effect will be better. Through home visits, we can learn more about some children's families, and then we may find out the deep-seated reasons of this child's psychological problems, so as to provide targeted psychological health counseling and education for students, prescribe the right medicine, and finally achieve both the symptoms and the root causes.
We can also publicize some ideas and measures of the school's mental health education for students through parent-teacher conferences, so that parents can cooperate with the education of their children; Parents can also be guided by mental health education, so that parents can understand the importance of mental health education and learn some basic mental health education methods and strategies, and finally let parents become a member of their children's mental health growth.
When carrying out mental health education for primary and secondary school students, we must respect their personality; Follow the characteristics of their physical and mental development; Step by step, don't rush for success; Be careful and patient, and avoid being simple and rude. If you violate the above principles, even if you try again, you will eventually be in vain and fail. The ultimate goal of our education is to let them truly understand the connotation and significance of "healthy life and happy study" and consciously put it into practical study and life.