Ideological proposition
Confucius put forward the theory of "benevolence" and "courtesy" and advocated the establishment of a civilized society based on everyone's moral consciousness. Confucius pays attention to politics and personnel, and keeps ghosts and gods at a respectful distance. After his death, his remarks were compiled into The Analects. )
Mencius inherited and spread Confucius' thought of "ruling by virtue" and advocated the theory of "benevolent government". He said that "the people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the light", thus putting forward the idea that "the monarch is lighter than the people".
Xunzi (1) on the relationship between heaven and man, on the one hand, he emphasized that "heaven has its regularity", on the other hand, he pointed out that human nature is promising and put forward the important idea of "controlling the destiny and using it". (2) He inherited and deeply discussed the Confucian thought of "propriety". He said that the highest goal of learning is to grasp the "ceremony".
brief introduction
Confucius (55 BC1-479) was a thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. The name is Lu. First of all, he put forward the theory of "benevolence", that is, he asked the rulers to understand the feelings of the people, cherish the strength of the people, and not oppress and exploit the people too much to ease class contradictions. Secondly, he advocated ruling the country by virtue and opposed tyranny and arbitrary execution.
Mencius (372- 289 BC) was a thinker in the Warring States Period. Ming Ke, Yu Zi, Zou Guoren. Mencius realized that the power of the people should not be underestimated, saying that "the people are precious" and "the monarch is light". He advocated "benevolent government", allowing farmers to own a certain amount of land, not infringing on farmers' working hours, relaxing penalties and reducing taxes. But Mencius also preached that "the industrious people govern the people, and the industrious people govern the people." People who cure diseases eat people, and people who cure diseases eat people. "This is an idea to defend the ruling class.
Xunzi (3 13- 238 BC) was a thinker at the end of the warring States period. Name, Zhao Guoren. Xunzi is a materialist thinker. He believes that star eclipse, wind and rain, spring and long summer are all changes in nature, and the changes in nature have certain laws. Human power can conquer nature, and we should use nature to serve mankind. This is an idea that man can conquer nature, which reflects the strengthening of people's struggle for nature during the Warring States period.