Educational evaluation refers to the study of systematically collecting data according to certain educational objectives, and using the theories and methods of modern mathematics and management science to judge the system state and functional attributes of the object and its transformation.

Educational evaluation was first put forward by American educator Taylor in 1929. However, due to people's different perspectives and methods, and educational evaluation is in the exploration and research stage in theory and practice, an exact, rigorous and recognized scientific definition of educational evaluation has not yet been formed.

But it includes at least the following six characteristics: first, educational evaluation is an activity process; Second, educational evaluation is a purposeful and planned activity process; Thirdly, the evaluator and the evaluated are unified in educational evaluation activities; Fourth, educational evaluation pays attention to the interpretation of data, not just the collection of data; Fifth, educational evaluation is a feedback-correction system; Sixth, educational evaluation should involve the judgment of educational value, not just the description of educational scenes or phenomena.

Educational evaluation is an activity to judge the degree to which educational activities meet the needs of society and individuals, and it is a process to judge the reality or potential value of education to increase its value.

Measurement is defined as "assigning values to ……" in general dictionaries. Educational measurement is to use some rules or procedures to assign numerical values to certain attributes of the tested individuals, so that these numerical values represent the quantities of certain attributes. Many intelligence items or other variables involved in education must be measured indirectly.

Measurement is rarely carried out for its own purposes, it can be included in an evaluation or evaluation, and more as a basic research method. It is precisely because of this importance that psychometrics and educational metrology have emerged.