Seven methods of kindergarten safety education
I. Environmental Education Law
Environment creation is the most intuitive educational method in kindergartens. Let children feel the knowledge of safety education through the creation of an easy-to-understand environment. Through interesting pictures, cartoons, signs, photos, etc. , decorate safety bulletin boards or wall decorations, so that children can feel safety education in the subtle environment.
For example, "Walk on the sidewalk when crossing the road", "Know the traffic lights and signs", "Don't play with fire and electricity", "Don't jump down from a height or climb a window", "I won't open the door when a stranger knocks at the door", "What should the bad guys call in case of fire, illness" and "Walk aside when going up and down the stairs" should be replaced regularly. You can also use a lot of waste, toys and materials to create corners such as "police box, bus, ambulance center, fire brigade", so that children can simulate playing in role games and learn about traffic safety rules, fire or emergency alarm calls and rescue methods.
Second, the emotional experience method
Activities are the main channel of preschool education. Through activities, let children experience the whole process, increase their experience, enhance their safety awareness and improve their self-protection ability. Let children directly feel, understand things and learn knowledge through their own bodies in activities.
For example, in order to remind children to protect their eyes, the teacher designed the activity "The Secret of Bright Eyes". Please close the child's eyes first, and the teacher will take the lead. After the children opened their eyes, the teacher asked, "Do you know what the teacher did?" Let the children open their eyes. The teacher repeated the above actions and asked, "What did the teacher do?" ? And so on, by comparing the different feelings of the two States, help children understand the importance of eyes and stimulate their desire to learn how to protect their eyes. Another example is "What if there is a fire?" By watching videos and pictures, children can initially perceive the help and harm of fire to people. By simulating escape games, children can understand the common sense of safe self-help and escape and learn to protect themselves. You can also carry out activities with similar themes, such as "There are many ways to protect yourself" and "Little Security Officer" to enhance children's self-protection ability, let children experience self-help methods and skills, and enhance their awareness of safety protection.
Third, the daily infiltration method
Every link of children's daily life is a good opportunity for safety education, and the method of safety education is infiltrated into every link of daily life. Such as morning check-up, lunch, walking, washing, outdoor activities, free activities and so on.
Kindergarten teachers, nurses, health workers, chefs, etc. Everyone should become a safety educator and always seize the opportunity to educate children about safety. For example, in the morning check-up, medical staff should pay attention to check whether the child has brought sharp weapons or beads into the park in his pocket to prevent stabbing or foreign objects from being stuffed into his ears, nose and mouth during free activities or siesta. Another example is lunch: nurses should pay attention to reminding children to wash their hands before meals to prevent diseases from entering the mouth; Don't talk and play while eating, in case you choke and burn.
And outdoor activities: before organizing children to walk out of the activity room, teachers should tell them to tidy up their clothes and shoelaces and go up and down the stairs to the right; During the activity, we should pay attention to control the amount of activity and don't run around, and don't fall or fall because the activity is out of control; Tell children not to violate the rules when playing with large toys, not to crowd, not to slide backwards, not to shake the cradle violently, etc. Avoid accidents; In free activities, teachers should always pay attention to children, and don't throw, throw or climb railings and windows when playing with toys, so as to avoid unnecessary safety accidents.
Fourth, the game simulation method
Games are the most interesting activities for children and the most effective way of education. We make full use of games to train children's self-help ability in a relaxed and happy atmosphere. For example, in view of children's worship of "police uncle", the role game of "traffic police" is launched, so that children can play the "police uncle" they worship, let them know how to cross the zebra crossing, ask the police uncle or good people for help when they get lost, and learn to skillfully say their parents' names, home addresses, telephone numbers or call for help.
Set up specific scenes, so that children can practice what they have learned repeatedly in game activities to achieve the purpose of strengthening. For example, through the game of "fire", guide children to consolidate and master the knowledge of self-help in case of fire and further strengthen the corresponding self-protection skills, know the harm of fire and not play with fire.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) competition law
Make safety and health care knowledge into small questions, and consolidate the learned knowledge through "smart answering". Children in middle and large classes have a certain sense of competition and are very active in competitive activities. According to this feature, it is very effective to answer the safety knowledge first.
VI. Family Interaction Law
Homes cooperate closely to further deepen children's self-protection education. It is far from enough for children's safety education to rely solely on kindergarten education, which requires the joint efforts of families. Parents should cooperate closely with kindergartens, strengthen children's awareness of self-protection, cultivate children's good living habits and deepen self-protection education. Parents should usually let their children do what they can, cultivate their self-care ability, and let them learn to take care of their basic life, such as loosening their shoelaces and adding clothes when the weather is cold.
Seven. Random education method
It is also a good method of safety education to grasp the accidental events in daily life at any time and the instantaneous accidental events in children's life activities in time for random safety education. For example, children are curious about the tape recorder in the classroom. When they are free, a child will play with the switch and wires of the tape recorder. I seized this event, combined with common sense activities, and conducted some small experiments on electricity, so that children can understand the dangers of electricity and electrical appliances, educate children not to touch and move power switches, sockets, wires and electrical appliances, let children know what is dangerous and harmful to their health, and don't touch them, so that children can understand that they should not only play freely, but also pay attention to safety.
Expanding knowledge: What are the hidden dangers in children's daily life? What is the difference?
First of all, it is safe for children to go in and out of the park.
The beginning and end of Children's Day are closely linked with kindergartens. It is necessary to establish a safe "channel" for children, make children happy and reassure parents. Entering and leaving kindergartens is an important part of daily life in kindergartens. Children lack life experience and have poor self-protection ability. When they come to or leave the park, they are prone to safety problems, such as getting sick, getting lost, being impersonated and using the park car improperly. While understanding the harmfulness of these safety problems, teachers must be familiar with preventive measures and implement their safety preventive measures in children's activities in and out of the park.
Second, children's daily life is safe.
In children's daily life, there are some unsafe factors hidden around them. In order to ensure the healthy and safe life of children in kindergartens, and eliminate the hidden dangers of children's life in public places (such as eating, washing, sleeping and taking medicine), facial features and activities, teachers should assume the responsibility of supervision and education of children, be alert to their surrounding environment and eliminate the hidden dangers of safety accidents caused by their living environment.
Third, the safety of children's study and play.
Children often use some sharp instruments and materials in their study and play activities. Such as scissors, pencils, knives, shovels, toothpicks, straws and some hard paper. These projects are unsafe to some extent. Therefore, teachers should have basic safety knowledge in the selection, use and guidance of materials, educate children to use utensils and materials safely in study and play activities, strengthen safety guidance and supervision, and ensure children's safe and healthy study and play.
Four, kindergarten food hygiene and safety.
Food hygiene and safety in kindergartens is the primary guarantee for children's physical and mental health. Safe and hygienic food involves the procurement, storage, production and disinfection of chefs and other related personnel and lamps. Therefore, cooks and related staff must raise awareness of prevention, master common sense of food hygiene and post safety operation, strictly control food safety, eliminate all food safety hazards, and prevent food poisoning and food-borne diseases.
Fourthly, kindergarten environment and psychological safety.
Protecting children's safety depends on their living environment. Children aged 3-6 are vulnerable groups, and their safety depends on the environmental facilities of kindergartens. However, there are often unsafe factors in the environmental facilities of kindergartens, and there are problems that should be paid attention to in the aspects of goods placement, electrical appliances use and public environment. Paying attention to these problems can avoid the harm caused by environmental facilities to children.
In addition, there are the safety of children's outdoor large-scale activities, common accidental injuries in kindergartens and their treatment.