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Reading Xu Shoushang's Biography of Lu Xun
Xu Shoushang, 1883~ 1948. Zhang Taiyan's disciple, Lu Xun's best friend and educator. The Biography of Lu Xun is divided into the first part, Impression of Lu Xun's Old Friend, and the next part, Lu Xun I Know. And appendix Mr. Lu Xun's chronicle.

Zhang Taiyan. Zhang's series, new dialects and primary school questions and answers can all be seen.

There are five people living in the Fifth Society in Xipian Town, Tokyo: Xu Shoushang, Lu Xun, Zhou Zuoren, Qian Junfu and Zhu Mouxuan.

Lu Xun loved flowers and plants, planted flowers and collected specimens, and seldom played. In Tokyo, I went to Ueno Park to read books.

1909. Hangzhou. Xu Shoushang, Dean of Zhejiang Teachers College. Lu Xun was recommended to Shen Hengshan, the supervisor. In June, Lu Xun returned to the park as a physiological chemistry teacher. Other teachers are: Zhu Xizu, Xia Gaizun, Zhang Qian, Zhang Zongxiang, Qian Jiazhi, Zhang Banghua, Feng Zuxun, Hu Yuji, Yang Naikang and Shen Lang Zhai. ...

In winter, there is a wave in schools, and supervision changes hands. Mr. Hengshan was elected as the deputy speaker of the Advisory Council, and his successor was Xia Zhenwu, who claimed to be a Taoist priest. It is called "summer papaya" by teachers. After all the teachers resigned.

During his one-year stay in Hangzhou, Lu Xun agreed to Shoushang's invitation to visit the West Lake.

Lu Xun's library borrowed from the legends of Tang and Song Dynasties, such as "New", "New", "Yi" and "Qin".

There is a description in the original text, which I think can be used as a true social portrayal in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Very vivid, the excerpt is as follows:

"Or looking for the abandoned site of the Manchu garrison banner, I only saw a scorched earth. Among the ruins, there is a pair of Manchu old ladies who live in a broken house without doors and windows. When they see us, they wriggle around. They were as scared as mice, and they didn't even say anything, didn't say anything. Lu Xun told me that he was always bullied by the flag bearer when he was studying in the railway and mining school and riding a horse across the flag camp, which made him feel resentful. 」

The Qing Dynasty perished and the Republic of China was founded. However, the old man in Manchuria, who was conquered by the state, changed from a ruling class to a mouse that only ate Nuo Nuo. This change is only ten years. From here, we can see and have a little experience of the changes of social conditions and people's feelings in the rise and fall of a dynasty.

Lu Xun's anthology Miscellaneous Books in Huiji County was published in the name of Zhou Zuoren in the third year of the Republic of China. Prose can be divided into eight categories: Xie Cheng's biography of sages in Huiji, Hui Ji Lu, Zhong's biography of sages after Huiji, He Shi's praise of sages in Huiji, Hui Ji Di Zhi, He Xun's Hui Ji Lu, His Hui Ji Lu and Xiahou Zengxian's Hui Ji Lu.

Preface to the Pantheon in Central Vietnam edited by Li Ciming and Hui Ji in Qing Dynasty. This temple was run by Ji Zheng in the Western Han Dynasty and ended in the Qing Dynasty. Just by excluding Wang Chong, his views are extremely disrespectful.

Lu Xun's reading of Buddhist scriptures was of course influenced by Zhang Taiyan. Zhang Taiyan spent three years in the West Prison and was violently beaten by the jailer. Zou Rong was tortured to death. In addition to doing hard work, Mr. Wang has to learn from the yoga teacher's theory of land every morning and evening, and realize Mahayana, so as to overcome his own suffering. After he is released from prison, he will encourage the great cause of the revolution.

Zhang Taiyan and Lu Xun's Buddhist thoughts are different in the final analysis. Zhang advocated saving the nation with Buddhism, while Lu Xun advocated saving the nation with the new literature and art of fighting spirit.

19 19 In May, Diary of a Madman was published in New Youth magazine, and Lu Xun's pseudonym began to be used.

French writer romain rolland read Faze's The True Story of Ah Q and wrote a letter to Lu Xun, which was conveyed by the Creation Society. At that time, Lu Xun and the Creation Society were struggling with each other, so they didn't receive it.

When Lu Xun was the academic director and professor of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, he once gave a speech in Hong Kong, the theme of which was "Old tune has been sung" and "Silent China". This speech was not published in the newspaper.

1April, 927 12 The Kuomintang cleared the Party and the Guangzhou Uprising led to Lu Xun's arrival in Shanghai.

He lived in Shanghai until 1936 when Lu Xun died.

1927 September, Yinghai was born in Shanghai.

There is a conversation between Ying Hai and Lu Xun, which I find particularly interesting and is also extracted as follows:

"Can Dad eat?"

"If you want to eat, you can. Naturally, just don't eat. "

Lu Xun's "Answer the Guest";

Ruthlessness is not necessarily a hero,

How can Reiko Kobayakawa not be a husband?

You know those people who make waves and scream,

Looking back, it was smaller than Tu.

The joy of being a father is beyond words.

1930, the left-wing writers' alliance was established with Lu Xun as its leader.

Lu Xun's evaluation of Lin Yutang. "I'm a little tired of the language hall. Always a sharp move. " "This public is also sincere, too shallow."

Masuda participated in the translation of Lu Xun's A Brief History of China's Novels, which is often used as a textbook for Japanese universities. Before translation, Masuda went to Shanghai to listen to Lu Xun's explanation and take notes, almost three hours a day. This situation lasted for several months.

Zhou Zijing.

Bo Gu Ye Chenlaolian.

Lu Xun enlightened Xu Shiying, the son of Xu Shoushang. After Xu Shiying entered the literature department of China, Tsinghua, Lu Xun opened a reading list for him:

1. Ji Gongyou (Song Dynasty): Chronology of Tang Poetry (four series, single volume).

Second, Xin (Yuan): Biography of Talented Persons in Tang Dynasty (there is a special book on wooden movable type now).

Third, Yan Kejun: "Everything is ancient ... Sui Wen (now there is Shi Yinben, many of which are fragmentary articles, so I don't read them).

Fourth, Ding: Poetry of the Sui Dynasty (typography).

Wu Rongguang: Chronicles of Celebrities in Past Dynasties (It can be known that social events in a celebrity's life appear in the form of tables. Unfortunately, the author thinks that it is a major event in history, not necessarily a "major event", so it is best to refer to the "model latest world chronology" published by three provincial churches in Japan.

6. Hu Yinglin (Ming Dynasty): Shao's mountain house collection (published by Guangya Bookstore, also available in printed form).

Seven, "A Concise Catalogue of Siku Complete Books" (in fact, it is a criticism of the existing better books, but it should be noted that its criticism is "King James").

Eight, "Shi Shuo Xin Yu" Liu Yiqing (the form of speech of Jin people).

Nine, "Bao Puzi's Outer Chapter" Ge Hong (internal discussion on the social state in the late Jin Dynasty) has a separate book.

Ten, "Tang Yanyan" five generations of kings (the Tang Dynasty literati took the surname of the country).

Xi。 "On the Balance" Wang Chong (customs and superstitions can be seen at the end of the Han Dynasty).

Twelve, "This Life" Wang Yun (the habits of celebrities in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties).

Burn ointment and oil and continue to live in poverty.

On the poetry books on the surface of prison head.

Lu Xun loves smoking and smokes about 50 cigarettes a day. Tea, green tea. Don't eat overnight vegetables and dry pickled products, and eat less fish and crabs, because peeling and shelling takes time. When I was studying in Nanjing, I often ate peppers to keep out the cold. Then I got stomach trouble.

Lu Xun is very talkative.

Write with a brush, not an ink pen.

Died of tuberculosis.

Lu Xun's tomb was destroyed by the enemy and puppet troops during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, and has now been completely restored.

Regarding the brotherhood between Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren, Xu Shoushang has a saying like this:

"A man's wife, Hatoyama Taixin, has a Xie Sitai nature. She is respectful to Lu Xun on the outside and jealous on the inside. Being a man is very confused. He listens to women and doesn't observe. I tried my best to explain the enlightenment, but it was useless. Lu Xun had to move to the living room, but he never realized it. Lu Xun invited Lao Fu to talk about rumors, but he didn't come out; So Lu Xun moved out again and went to Zhuanta Hutong. Since then, the two men have been at odds and become businessmen, changing the previous mode of "brotherhood". This is a great loss in a person's life. If there is no such mistake, I will always be guided by my kind brother. Why can't I get lost and wash? 」

Lu Xun's ancient poems;

"New Autumn" (1902) was translated into a vernacular poem by Lu Xun, "A wild chrysanthemum with crickets hanging from its arms under its genitals".

Hehe, that's interesting.

1903 Lu Xun is 23 years old. He cut off the whip in Tokyo and took a photo. There is a self-titled portrait presented to Xu Shoushang and given to Zhou Zuoren.

There is no way to escape from the gv 10, and the storm is as dark as a rock.

I sent a message to Han Xing, and I want to recommend Xuanyuan with my blood.

In the 20th year of the Republic of China, 65438+10.2, "sending Masuda back to China";

Fusang is just like the maple leaves are tender and cold as Dan.

However, I turned to Yang to send my guests back, and my heart recalled the scene of spending the New Year together.

2 1, 2654381October 23rd, I wrote to Linda Gao:

In the blood, the grass is fertile and vigorous, and the cold and frozen earth is in full bloom.

Many heroes find husbands sick, and tears spill over the noisy crows in Chongling.

This poem is my favorite.

In July of the same year 1 1, I wrote a note to Ms. Yamamoto Chuji:

The clouds of war temporarily gathered the remnants of spring, and the heavy guns and songs became silent.

I don't have a poem to send home, but I sincerely wish peace.

I like the first two sentences of this poem.

12 years1October 26th, he wrote a note to the painter Wang:

The wind is white and the forest is dark, and the fog is full of blue flowers.

I would like to beg a new artist to study Zhu Mo only as a spring mountain.

June 2 1 day of the same year is a unique book for Yoshiguchi Liangping:

Is there any pride like the old flowers blooming and falling?

When do you cry for Jiang Nanyu and Simin?

Lu Xun's short calendar:

1920 to 1904 summer vacation, Hongwen College prepares Japanese.

1autumn solstice of 9041spring of 906, entered Sendai medical college.

1spring of 906 to1spring of 909, I studied literature as a German and Russian trainee in Tokyo.

1909 spring to 19 10 summer, and worked as a physiological chemistry teacher in Hangzhou and Zhejiang normal schools.

19 10 autumn to1910 winter, in Shaoxing, served as the dean of middle school and the president of normal school.

Spring in 19 12 to summer in 1926.

19 12 was appointed as a member of Nanjing Ministry of Education in the spring, and transferred to Beijing as a section chief in the summer of the same year. Since 1920, he has also worked as a lecturer in Peking University Teachers College and Women Teachers College.

1winter of 926, professor of Xiamen University.

1927 spring and summer, served as professor provost of Guangzhou Sun Yat-sen University.

/kloc-autumn 0/927 to/kloc-autumn 0/936,/kloc-autumn 0/0,/kloc-autumn 0/9, and devoted himself to translation in Shanghai.

Lu Xun's refuge life is roughly listed as follows:

1.1autumn of 893, Lu Xun 13 years old, took refuge due to family matters (grandma's house).

2. 1926 After the March 18th massacre, Zhang took refuge in Beijing. (Northern Women's Normal University, Yang Dequn wrote to beg for death, Duan government)

Third,1March, 930, he left the apartment because he was wanted by the Freedom League.

In April, 193 1 1, rumors began to rise and left the apartment because Rou Shi was arrested.

1May, 932, because of the war on 1 1 May 28th, his family was caught in the line of fire and left.

June, 65438+August, 0934, he left the apartment for refuge because his acquaintance was arrested.

It is a custom for young women to have silk on their temples on long nights in spring.

In my dream, I vaguely shed tears for my mother, and the flag of the king on the city head changed.

Endure watching peers become new ghosts, and look for small poems in anger.

There is no place to write, and the moonlight is like water.

Off topic:

1In September, 944, Pan Gongzhan, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee, sent a letter inviting Xu Shoushang to write Zhang Linbing for the series of China Celebrity Stories.

China famous story series. Based on virtue, merits and opinions, it is divided into three series: 1 series "national great men", the second series "great men of past dynasties" and the third series "advanced academics".

General purpose of this series:

There are nine kinds of "national great men" in the 1 series, including the emperor (Qian Mu), Confucius (), Qin Shihuang (Gu Jiegang), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (Miao), Emperor Taizong (Luo Xianglin), (Wu Han) and Prime Minister Sun (Zou Lu).

There are fifteen kinds of "Heroes of Past Dynasties" in the second album, including Gou Jian (Juxian Wei), Zhuge Liang (Zhu Xiuxia), Wu Zetian (Lan), Yue Fei (Deng Guangming), Wen Tianxiang (Wang Menggou), (Zheng Dekun), Hong Xiuquan (Luo Ergang) and Lin Zexu (Wei).

The third album "Academic Advanced" 15 species, including Laozi (Zhang Mosheng), Mozi (Luo Genze), Qu Yuan (You Guoen), Sima Qian (Wang Bijiang), Han Yu (), Xuanzang (Su), Xu Guangqi (), Gu (Tan Qixiang) and Gu.

Make a biography of your teacher as a disciple.

Lu Xun's chronicle, omitted.