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Listen to and read the book "The Second Infantry Division in Battle" written by Hou, an expert in the expert database of the history of the Communist Party of China in Baoji, and tell the story of the book "The Second Infantry Division in Battle" written by Yan Jinsheng, the political commissar of the Second Division of the First Field Army at that time, which restored the scene that the Second Infantry Division of the People's Liberation Army killed Jiang Hujun in the battle 73 years ago:
1in the summer of 949, the people's liberation war was about to win the whole country. In April and May, our army successively liberated Nanjing, Taiyuan, Wuhan, Shanghai, Hangzhou and other cities, wiped out a large number of Kuomintang troops, and continued to March to the southeast and southwest, chasing the enemy and fleeing. The northwest battlefield is no exception. Following the battles of 1948 in Yiwa, xifu, Bailey and Dong, more than 300,000 Huma troops were annihilated. 1949, more than 30,000 enemy troops were annihilated, Xi 'an, the capital of Shaanxi Province, was liberated, and the Huma army's joint counterattack on Xi 'an was crushed, forcing it to retreat to the west of Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province. At this time of Hu Zongnan, the situation is very bad, in a dilemma, living in fear.
In mid-July, in order to resolutely implement Chairman Mao and Commander-in-Chief Zhu's "order to March to the whole country", the First Field Army of China, under the command of Comrade Peng, quickly launched an operation to March to the northwest. First of all, in Fumei County, Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province, nine armies were concentrated to launch a large-scale campaign against Hu Zongnan Army. The campaign went very well. After two days and nights of fierce fighting, we made a quick decision and wiped out four enemy regiments, totaling more than 44 thousand people. Chairman Mao spoke highly of this campaign. Once, he called General Peng and said, "Defeat is a great comfort."
The time is ripe for a decisive battle.
After more than two years of competition between the First Field Army and the Kuomintang Hu Zongnan Department, his effective strength was largely annihilated, which made him weakened and went from bad to worse. Especially after the battle of Guanzhong, the 18th and 19th Corps of North China transferred to the field organization and arrived in xi 'an, and the enemy forces in the northwest battlefield changed fundamentally. There are more than 70,000 Hu Jun concentrated in Guanzhong and more than 80,000 in Ma Jiajun. Add up to only150000 people. I am more than twice as many as the enemy and have absolute advantage; I am in the active position of victory March, victory is in sight, morale is high, the troops are strong and unstoppable, the enemy's morale is low, and I am in the passive position of being beaten.
The contradiction between Huma and Malaysia is very sharp. They have ulterior motives, each wants to preserve their strength, and they don't trust and support each other. For our army, the time is ripe for decisive battle. We must launch a strategic offensive campaign quickly and eat Hu Zongnan first. In early July, Ye Si held a meeting of cadres above the army level in Xi 'an. According to the instructions of the Central Military Commission, Mr. Peng put forward the operational policy of "catching the horse first, then catching the horse". He was determined to contain Ma Jun with the 19th Corps, and first annihilate Hu Zongnan's main force in Fu Mei with the superior forces of the 1st, 2nd and 18th Corps.
In June, after Xi 'an's counter-offensive failed, Hu Ma-jun balked and retreated. Part of Ma Bufang and Ma Hongkui are scattered in Yongshou, Weibei and its west, and's five armies in Hu Zongnan are concentrated in Fufeng and Meixian areas on both sides of Weihe River. Among them, the 24th Division, which defends Qinghua Town between Zhouzhimei County on the south bank of Weidong and its enemies in the northern area, namely, Jiadao, Shimasi Village and Changjiabao, relies on villages, fortresses and highlands to form a relatively complete field defense position, and has built a large number of light and dark bunkers and trench traffic trenches, with concentrated deployment of troops and tight firepower distribution, forming a dense crossfire network, in an attempt to prevent our army from breaking westward along the south bank of Weihe River and protect its main force's flank north of Weihe River.
According to the above-mentioned enemy situation, field armies were deployed: the 2nd and 18th Corps were in the north of Weihe River, and the 1st Corps was in the south of Weihe River, interspersed and circuitous, dividing and encircling the fifth army in Hu Zongnan. Corps to the first army's task is to cooperate with the second army surrounded by Bai Ya Town, Qinghua Town and the enemy's 24th Division and 6th Division in the east of Shahe, and continue to expand the results to Huaiya Town and Meixian County. The tasks assigned to our division by the Army are: along the south bank of Weihe River, north of Zhouzhi and Meixian Highway (excluding), surround the enemy's 24th Division on the left, cut off its contact with the 53rd Division of Hengqu Town, keep close contact with the 5th Division of the Second Army, effectively complete the encirclement of the enemy's 24th Division, cooperate with the first division to attack head-on, and annihilate the enemy in Qinghua Town and its north area. It can be seen that the Second Division plays an important role in the current task of the military department and plays a key role in whether the 24th Division can be completely annihilated.
According to the lack of specific understanding of the enemy situation at that time, the division put forward three possible schemes to complete this combat task. That is, the fifth and sixth regiments belong to the Army Chemical Mortar Company and the Division Mountain Artillery Company, respectively, to panic in Li Jiazhuang, Yujiapu and the inner city, which are on the defensive, while the fourth regiment is directly inserted on the road between Baoyugou and Shimasi Village, in case the enemy collapses to the west or assists the east. The sixth regiment detoured along the south bank of Weihe River to Baoyougou and Shimasi Village to prevent the enemy from collapsing in the west or aiding the east. The fifth regiment is ready to cooperate with the first and fifth divisions to attack the enemy in Qinghua Town, and the fourth regiment is assembled for standby. If the enemy is defeated in the west, the whole division will pursue it quickly. Based on this, the division deployed combat missions to various regiments. At that time, it was particularly emphasized that each regiment should correctly implement the plan, handle the situation flexibly, and not lose its soldiers. The 4th and 6th regiments must bravely and quickly insert into the enemy's rear, seize the favorable position on the east bank of Shahe River, resolutely block the retreat of the 24th enemy division, and pay attention to blocking the enemy's possible eastward assistance in Hengqu Town. The sixth regiment is also ready to cooperate with the enemy that the fifth regiment is fighting for. The command post of the first division is in Niejia Village.
On July 2nd, our division took part in the swearing-in meeting held by the troops in the old shop, and then moved from the defending area of Dawang Town, Xi 'an, to the assembly and standby near Zhouzhi County, and put into intense pre-war political mobilization and various preparations. After the mobilization of the head of the field army to destroy the Huma army and completely liberate the northwest spread to the whole division, the fighting mood of the troops was extremely high. The vast number of commanders and fighters are proud to participate in the general assembly war. Everyone is gearing up and saying: "We must make new contributions in the battle, help our eyebrows and liberate the northwest!" Take on the most arduous combat mission! "Never go to the battlefield without destroying the Hu Ma Army"!
On July 1 1, the division was ordered to make an emergency March at dusk that day. 18, starting from Zhouzhi assembly area, in the order of six regiments, five regiments, teachers and four regiments, quickly enter Xiayang Village to hide the enemy.
Bravely break into and break the enemy's retreat
The Sixth Regiment responded to the call of the Army Party Committee to "resolutely overcome all difficulties and insert into the enemy's heart". 12, 1, according to the second plan of HQ, we marched more than 30 miles and reached Xiayang Village. Pick up the enemy from Xiayang Village, and stab the west through the enemy's occupation of the village. The cadres of the regiment went down to the army step by step and personally led the marching column to advance invisibly, but they started early. The third battalion is an avant-garde battalion, with a search and reconnaissance unit in front and a marching alert on the flank. In the middle of the night, you have to cross a 30-mile-long strip, and the width between enemy strongholds such as Qinghe Beach, Youfangbao, Caojiacun and Inner City is only 2 or 3 miles. It's not easy for thousands of people to live in thousands of faces! On the way to March, I learned that there was an enemy warning company in Qinghe Beach, and the regimental headquarters immediately ordered the spy company to surround the enemy and cover the smooth passage of the whole regiment. When the enemy found that they were shooting at me violently, the troops still passed through the enemy blockade calmly, and there was no confusion and delay caused by injuries and sporadic enemies mixing into our marching sequence. It's really a fight. Go ahead.
In the process of penetration, the regiment crossed the continuous swamp water network, sometimes muddy and sinking, sometimes knee-deep, and some sections had to pass through dozens of deep ditches, which added unexpected difficulties to the penetration. However, the officers and men fell down, got up and left, the animals got stuck, people carried their bags and left, leaving fewer people behind. When the enemy is blocked by fire, it is more difficult to act. In this way, the regiment began to meet the enemy at 1 and dispersed to the west of the racecourse at 3: 30. It took only two and a half hours to pass through the interspersed zone, and with quick action, it unexpectedly inserted into the enemy's heart, winning time and winning the initiative.
At 0400 hours, the main force of the 3rd Battalion has occupied the favorable terrain on the east bank of Shahe River and built a sniper position to the west. When the Seventh Company detoured to the intersection of Shahe and the highway and began to guard eastward, it confronted more than 100 enemy troops fleeing westward, immediately joined the enemy group, captured most of them, and pursued the fleeing enemy in the southeast along the highway boundary. At five o'clock, meet the third regiment of the first division in Jinjiadong. As the Sixth Regiment quickly broke into the east bank highway of Shahe River, it cut off the contact between the enemy's fifty-third division in Hengqu Town and the enemy's twenty-fourth division in Qinghua Town, blocked the retreat of the enemy's twenty-fourth division and played a decisive role in encircling and annihilating the enemy's twenty-fourth division.
At 5: 30, the division entered Niejia Village and found that the frontal enemy was retreating to the west. That is, it ordered the Fourth Regiment to quickly enter Shimasi Village to control the Shahe River, and cooperated with the Sixth Regiment and the Third Battalion to prevent the enemy from fleeing westward or chasing and annihilating the fleeing enemy. The fourth regiment went straight into the east bank of Shahe River along the north side of Zhou Mei Highway, and joined the third battalion of the sixth regiment at 9 o'clock, forming a more solid internal and external front, which was more secure to prevent the enemy from aiding the east and preventing the enemy from fleeing to the west.
The magic soldier descended from heaven with a knife in his back.
My sixth regiment magically appeared on the back of the enemy's 24th division, which the commander never dreamed of. The main force of the Sixth Regiment, which refers to Li Jiazhuang, has set off at the racecourse before dawn. At about 4 o'clock, the regiment supported the 1st and 2nd Battalions to quickly attack enemy strongholds in Yujiapu, Liangjiapu and Shimasi villages with all artillery fire. In the face of my sudden attack, the enemy panicked and fled. Company Four captured Shimasi Village and captured the enemy 100 people. A few enemy troops in Liangjiabao fled to Baoyou, and Qiu Mandong, the second company commander, took advantage of this favorable fighter plane, led the whole company to follow and chase with witty command and brave and quick action, and rushed to Baoyou like a tiger down the mountain to seize the favorable position. There are about 600 enemies here.
Ignoring the blockade of the enemy's 7 heavy machine guns and more than 20 light machine guns, they boldly divided and surrounded two earthen castles and stormed in. Before the enemy's regiment 196 was fully deployed, more than 300 people were captured and all their weapons were confiscated. The enemy escaped to the intersection of Shimasi Village and Shahe Highway and was captured by 3rd Battalion. By this time, the Sixth Regiment had penetrated all the depth of the defensive positions of the 24th enemy division, broken its backbone and stepped up the encirclement of Tsinghua Town and its vicinity. The 24th Division has become a turtle in a jar, and it can't escape the fate of total annihilation.
At 0700 hours, the 3rd Battalion of 6th Regiment found the enemy 53rd Division157th Regiment in Hengqu Town on the east bank of Shahe River. A battalion reinforced the 24th Division to the east, which ordered the 9th Company to attack head-on and annihilate a large number of enemies. One attacked the enemy in a roundabout way, boldly cut off and immediately annihilated the enemy 100 (more than 60 prisoners), forcing the remaining enemies to flee to the west. At 9: 30, the 4th Regiment and 2nd Battalion found the enemy of Hengqu Town fleeing to the west, that is, they seized the town, pursued the enemy in the southwest and killed one of them. At this point, the 53rd Division has abandoned its partner and fled every day, and the only hope of rescue for the 24th Division has been dashed.
In the whole process of mutual infiltration, there has been an upsurge of everyone participating in the war and everyone catching prisoners. After the whole division received the enemy, the combat units were interspersed and divided everywhere, and the enemy became a frightened bird. Many stragglers, some strayed into my queue and marched together. Our cooking soldiers, medical soldiers and government logistics personnel have captured 300 prisoners. Gao Yaozi, a soldier of the fourth regiment, lost contact with the detachment. 1 man captured the enemy 15 man, surrendered 5 guns and fired 1 man. After the war, a large number of captured enemy officers and men talked about it one after another: "The PLA really fell from the sky and poked our division's ass at once!" "We were stunned and were captured before we woke up!" They have to admit: "With such an army and such a style of play, any tenacious enemy will be crushed and defeated. Admire! Admire! "
Divide, encircle and close the door to beat the dog.
The enemy 198 regiment was surrounded by our army and its retreat was cut off. But the enemy is still fighting, concentrated in Changjiabao, Caojiacun and the streets. The fifth regiment accepted the task of frontal attack and surrounded these strongholds as soon as it came up. Deputy division commander Wang led the staff to follow the regiment command post. At 5: 20 on June 5438+02, the first battalion captured Gaojiazhuang in one company, and at 7: 00, the second company captured Chencunbao. Most of the enemy troops on the defensive were eliminated, which ensured the development of the main force of the battalion. Then, the group organized an attack on Changjiabao.
Changjiabao, Caojiacun and Jiadao all have strong stockade walls, generally with one or two stockade gates, surrounded by moats and detached houses, which are spread all over paddy fields and forests, forming natural conditions that are easy to defend but difficult to attack. When I attack, I am easily killed by the enemy's dark fire, and it is difficult for me to organize fire and observe the enemy's situation.
The remnants of Gaojiazhuang fled to Changjiabao and pursued them in succession. Because of observing the forest, the paddy field is inconvenient to move, and it is blocked by the moat outside Changjiabao, which has caused heavy casualties under enemy artillery fire. At 7: 50, my mountain gun destroyed the Dongzhai Gate of Changjiabao. Under the cover of all kinds of firepower, the first and second companies successively broke into the fort and fought fiercely for nearly half an hour. Destroy the first battalion of the defending enemy 198 regiment, and capture more than 50 people/KLOC-0. In the battle, Zhang, the political commissar and deputy political commissar of the Fifth Regiment, was injured, and Wang Zhao, the deputy battalion commander of the Second Battalion of the Fifth Regiment, died gloriously.
After completing the task of penetration and interception, the Sixth Regiment left the Third Battalion in its original position and the Fifth Company in Shimasi Village. At 9: 30, according to the division's intention, the main force of the regiment turned east and actively cooperated with the fifth regiment. Finally, close the door and surround the enemy in Caojiacun and the alley. The 3rd Battalion of 5th Regiment and 6th Regiment 1 Battalion are responsible for attacking Caojia Village. As a result of the discussion between the second battalion, the third battalion attacked the south gate and the first battalion attacked the north gate and the northwest corner at the same time.
At 12, the sixth regiment company attacked the northwest corner of Caojia village under the cover of chemical guns and mortars. Chen Run Eva, the deputy platoon leader in the first row, sent people to the village wall with a pole, but was suddenly shot down by the enemy's dark fire. The company immediately organized fire fighting and continued to send them up. He stood in the outer ditch with his legs stuck in his stomach, sweating all the time, regardless of the danger, pushed the whole row of people up and quickly developed into the fortress. At this time, Sanlian also succeeded in continuous blasting at the north gate, rushed into the battery and attacked side by side, and quickly developed to the south gate. 13, the seventh company of the fifth regiment began to attack several times under enemy fire, but was badly beaten by the enemy's dark fire. However, the comrades of the whole company are still in high spirits, and everyone swears with red eyes that they will never give up until they capture Caojiacun! Yan Dongcheng, the company's fighting hero, saw the loophole in one of the dark bunkers that hurt me the most, approached it skillfully and blew it up with grenades, and finally cleared the way for the attack. The battalion also ordered the Eighth Company to bomb the South Gate by continuous blasting. 7. The Eighth Company entered the village side by side, cooperated with the First Company and the Third Company of the Sixth Regiment to eliminate the enemy on the defensive, and captured more than 500 people alive. The battle ended at 14:30.
The last nail was the passage that the head of the enemy 198 regiment commanded his second battalion to stick to. There were 500 enemies here. Several independent houses occupied by foreign enemies in the south gate have foiled my attack several times. This time it was attacked by five regiments, one battalion and six regiments. 17, our mountain guns, chemical guns and mortars began to prepare for firing. Hundreds of shells suddenly fell into a fortress less than two miles away from Fiona Fang. Suddenly black smoke and dust filled the air, and the enemy was so shocked that he stopped resisting for a while. At this time, the Sixth Regiment and the Third Company moved from the west to the back of several independent houses in the south of the village, which quickly solved the 1 company that the enemy relied on for tenacious resistance and cleared the way for other companies to attack the village. 17: 30, the fifth group and the third company blasters blasted the entrance of the village, and the two groups cooperated with each other and quickly broke into the village, repelling the enemy's fierce counterattacks several times and destroying the enemy. About 1 The enemy company broke north and was also captured by the Sixth Regiment and the Sixth Company. In this battle, more than 400 people were captured below the head and deputy head of the enemy.
12, 18: 30, the battles surrounding Changjiabao, Jia Dao and Shimasi villages of the 24th Division were all over. At this time, the battle between the Second Corps and the Eighteenth Corps to encircle the enemy's Third Corps in the north of the Weihe River is drawing to a close. A large number of enemy troops are fleeing across the river in the direction of Meixian, and our whole division is pursuing the battle in the direction of Meixian.
Long-distance pursuit, annihilation and escape from the enemy
The fourth regiment is mainly responsible for the battle pursuit mission this time. 12, 10: 30, when the regiment was preparing to rest and eat in Hengqu town and its eastern area, it was ordered that the fourth regiment was commanded by the third regiment of the first division to pursue the fleeing enemy westward along the north side of Zhou Mei highway, and the division also ordered the third battalion of the sixth regiment to carry out the pursuit task under the command of the fourth regiment. The fourth regiment immediately rushed to the west in the order of the first battalion. The regiment refers to the second, third and third battalions of the sixth regiment. According to the urgency of the combat task, plus we have been marching for nearly 20 hours without rest or eating, and the battalions at all levels of the regiment are mobilized while walking. The commanders and fighters are full of confidence in winning and the will to overcome all difficulties, and their mood is always high.
After the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the regiment marched westward to 1 and 2 li, they reported to the enemy that 1 Battalion crossed the Weihe River and headed for Hengqu Town. The regiment ordered the 3rd Battalion to intercept the enemy and wiped out one. The rest were destroyed when the first and second battalions fled to the west.
The 2nd Battalion continued westward along the highway, and saw a large number of enemies fleeing westward through Gualizhai, advancing in parallel with me, more than 100 meters apart. The battalion ordered the fourth company to attack from the front, the fifth company to cover in situ, and the sixth company to move to the right of Guali Village, forming a siege of the enemy. More than 200 people who left the village surrendered under the fierce and sudden attack of my grenades and bayonets. The enemies who haven't left the village, some are running around and some are running into the house to fight back. Fourth, the Sixth Company and the newly arrived 3rd Battalion were attacked on all sides, bravely entered the village and quickly annihilated the enemy, captured more than 500 officers and men below the head and deputy head of the 1 19 Army 179 Regiment, and seized a large number of horses and other military supplies. At the same time, the first avant-garde battalion stopped its head, inserted into the river beach, and stopped the fleeing enemy 100.
17: 30, Zhou Zhongjia, head of the 4th Regiment, followed the highway from the 2nd Battalion to Tiejiagou Village and found many enemy horses on the other side of Gangou River in the northwest. It is judged that the enemy of Weibei fled from Henan. The regiment is determined to seize the favorable terrain at all costs, stop the enemy and make the second battalion rush into the river beach. Zheng Dongchu, the second battalion commander, ordered each company to run forward and personally led three people to ride horses to seize the river bank. The enemy fired first to cover the impact of the troops. When the fifth company attacked the enemy 1 company occupying the beachhead position, it was blocked by several enemy machine guns. While suppressing the enemy's firepower, the first platoon plunged into the enemy's rear along a small river ditch and blew up two enemy machine guns in succession, forcing the enemy to surrender. The Fourth Company and the Sixth Company took the opportunity to insert into the enemy line from the right wing and repeatedly kill. After more than ten minutes of fierce fighting, they completely wiped out the enemy spy camp of the 65 th Army, captured more than 200 enemies, and occupied and completely controlled the entire beachhead position in Xiagan ditch. The regiment ordered the 1st Battalion to rush to the floodplain from both sides of the 2nd Battalion, and the 3rd Battalion seized the riverbank east of Tiejiagou to stop the enemy who tried to flee eastward.
In recent days, the 38th Army, the 65th Army and the 19th Army of the enemy in Weibei have been hit hard by my brother's corps and all collapsed. They jumped into the Weihe River one after another, and swam desperately to the south in an attempt to escape. Our 4th Battalion was well prepared, organized prisoners, launched a political offensive against the enemy under the cover of various firearms, and shouted everywhere: _ Hu Jun officers and soldiers, Hu Zongnan has completely failed! ""You hurry ashore and surrender to ensure your personal safety! " "Resistance, no mercy! "In this way, while shouting to catch the prisoners, 1500 people all went ashore to hand over their weapons. By 20: 00 on 12, the 6th Regiment, 4th Regiment and 3rd Battalion marched around the clock to pursue 120, and the battle ended successfully. That night, I joined forces with the 18 th Corps and camped in Zhongguangou. 13 in the morning, was ordered to move to Meixian. After the victory of the Battle of Fu Mei, our division continued to advance westward, and assembled in the Tuyuan, north of Baoji, on 15, ready to March into Gan Qing to meet the new battle.
In this campaign, with the direct cooperation of the First Division and the Fifth Division of the Second Army, the troops of the Second Division circuitously cut off the retreat of the enemy's 24th Division and wiped out most of the 198th and 196th regiments of the enemy's 90th Army's 24th Division, which were located 20 kilometers southeast of Meixian County and in the alley area. Shimasi Village and Changjiabao, north of Qinghua Town, and the 157th Regiment of the 53rd enemy division aided by Hengqu Town. In the pursuit war, our 4th Regiment, together with 1 3rd Regiment and 6th Regiment, stopped and destroyed the enemy fleeing the Weihe River in the north in time 1 9th Army, 65th Army and 38th Army1each. In this campaign, the whole division wiped out more than 5,000 enemies, captured more than 4,000 enemies, seized 50 guns of all kinds, more than 800 rifles and more than 200 mules and horses, and successfully completed the glorious task entrusted to our division by the campaign.
(Li Shuchang finishing)
Excerpted from "The Years of Beacon" 1987 published by the Second Division of the First Field Army of the People's Liberation Army in March.
About the author:
Yan Jinsheng (19 18- 1994), Major General of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, was born in Chaling County, Hunan Province. /kloc-0 joined the communist youth league in July, 1930, and/kloc-0 joined the Chinese red army of workers and peasants in June, 1932. In the same year to China * * * party member. In the Battle of Fu Mei, he was the political commissar of the Second Division of the First Field Army. He used to be the deputy director of the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army of China and the deputy director of the Ministry of Culture of People's Republic of China (PRC). 1994 died at the age of 76.
Editor's introduction:
Hou is from Meixian County, Shaanxi Province. Born in June, 1953, 1974, joined the party in February, 1978, 1 10, graduated from Fengxiang Teachers College, and is a senior primary school teacher. He is a member of Shaanxi Writers Association, the first batch of "people's learning stars" in Shaanxi Province, an expert in the expert database of CPC history in Baoji City, a lecturer in the lecturer group of Baoji National Defense Education Association, the first batch of "people's learning stars" in Baoji City, an "excellent lecturer" in Baoji City Administration for Industry and Commerce, and a winner of the meritorious service award of caring for the next generation. He was awarded the "Outstanding Contribution" medal by Baoji City Administration for Industry and Commerce and Baoji City Civilization Office. He has been engaged in the collection, collation, research and compilation of historical materials of the Fu Mei Campaign for a long time, and participated in the exhibition of the Fu Mei Campaign Memorial Hall and the red culture education and publicity activities for many times. His deeds were reported by various media at all levels from the central government to the local government and included in the Journal of Baoji Care for the Next Generation Work Committee.