1. educator: a person engaged in educational activities. Real educators must have a clear educational purpose and understand their tasks or missions in promoting individual development and social development in practical activities. Those who occasionally affect students' physical and mental development cannot be called educators. Therefore, an educator means a qualification, a person who can "guide", "promote" and "standardize" individual development according to his own understanding of individual physical and mental development and social development situation or trend. Therefore, the concept of "educator" is not only a general term for people engaged in the educational profession, but also a regulation for their internal attitudes and external behaviors. Only in this way can we grasp this concept from two aspects: "class" and "quality".
2. Learners: Compared with educators, learners have their own characteristics: different people have different learning purposes; Different people have different learning backgrounds or foundations, which affect their learning interests, abilities or styles; Different people have different problems and difficulties in the process of learning, and they need different help to learn effectively; Different learners have different awareness and ability of reflection and management on their learning behavior, which affects their learning efficiency and quality. Therefore, learning is a highly personalized activity.
3. Educational influence: Educational influence refers to all the information that educators act on learners in educational activities, including both the content of information and the form of information selection, transmission and feedback, which is the unity of form and content. From the content, it is mainly educational content, educational materials or teaching materials; Formally speaking, it is mainly educational means, educational methods and educational organization forms. It is the educational influence formed by the unification of educational content and educational form that makes educational activities become relatively independent social practice activities different from other social activities.
The three elements of the above education are independent and mutually stipulated, which together constitute a complete system of practical activities. The change of each factor itself will inevitably lead to the change of the education system. The changes and combinations of different educational elements have finally formed various educational forms, shouldering the sacred responsibility of promoting individual socialization and social individualization.
Regarding the basic elements of pedagogy, there are three elements, four elements, five elements and six elements:
Three elements: Pedagogy compiled by the Department of Education of Nanjing Normal University holds that the elements of educational activities are educators, educatees and educational influences; Pedagogy, edited by Wang Daojun and Wang Hanlan, divides the basic elements of educational activities into educators, educatees and educational measures. In the book Principles of Education, Mr. Chen Guisheng divides the elements of educational activities into educational subjects, objects and educational materials. Basic Pedagogy, jointly compiled by twelve key normal universities in China, holds that the basic elements of educational activities include educators, learners and educational influence.
Four elements theory: that is, the elements of educational activities are divided into educators, educatees, educational contents and educational means.
Five elements theory: This view holds that education consists of educators, educatees, educational methods, educational contents and educational environment.
Six elements theory: This view holds that the basic elements of education are educators, educatees, educational content, educational means, educational channels and educational environment.