Lecture notes on national common sense 1. Teaching plan of the first lesson of national common sense

The first lesson of ethnic common sense education in the fifth grade is that 56 ethnic groups are a family; The second lesson is the beautiful and rich ethnic areas; The third lesson is various languages; The fourth lesson is colorful costumes; The fifth lesson is different styles of houses; The sixth lesson is a unique diet; The first lesson is that 56 nationalities are a family; The teaching goal is 1. Understand that there are 56 ethnic groups living in the vast and rich land of China, among which the Han nationality has the largest population and the other 55 ethnic groups are few.

2. Know the names of 55 ethnic minorities and know where they all live in the motherland. The focus and difficulty of teaching: knowing the names of ethnic minorities and where they live.

Teaching time: the first class of four classes. First, talk introduces new lessons. In China's vast and rich land, there are 56 ethnic groups, among which the Han nationality has the largest population, while the other 55 ethnic groups have a smaller population, which are customarily called ethnic minorities.

Students, do you know the names of these nationalities? Where do they all live in the motherland? Let's stroll through the national garden and look for 56 brothers and sisters of the Chinese nation! Second, learn a new lesson 1. Ask the students to name the ethnic minorities they know. 2. Read and recite the Chinese national anthem in groups.

3. Read and think, and answer in the next class: How many nationalities are there in China? .

2. Ask for documents: the fifth grade national common sense teaching plan.

Lesson 2 Vast and beautiful ethnic areas

Teaching objectives:

Let students know where ethnic minorities live, with vast territory and rich natural resources. They not only have charming natural scenery, but also have tourist attractions, rich land and rich treasures.

Teaching emphases and difficulties:

Let students know the local characteristics of ethnic minorities.

Teaching time:

Four class hours

first kind

Teaching process:

1, talk introduces a new lesson.

Students, through the previous study, we already know that our national brothers and sisters live in various parts of the motherland. The places where ethnic minorities live are vast and rich in natural resources. They not only have charming natural scenery, but also have tourist attractions, rich land and rich treasures. Let's visit these vast and beautiful places together.

2. Read and think.

(1) Read the textbook "Beautiful Mountains and Rivers" on page 9 and think: What are the tourist attractions in ethnic minority areas? Where have you been?

(2) Discuss and communicate in the group after reading.

(3) naming.

(4) summary of teachers and students:

There are many scenic spots in the areas where ethnic minorities live in China, for example,

Zhangjiajie, Hunan, Huangguoshu Waterfall, Guizhou, Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan.

Tianchi, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, Changbai Mountain, Jilin, Qinghai Lake, Bird Island.

Thousand Buddha Cave in Turpan, Xinjiang

3. Communicate the beautiful scenery of these tourist attractions in the group and show the prepared photos of tourist attractions.

4. Appreciate the learned text "Guilin Landscape".

Dialogue: Guilin is located in the northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Brothers and sisters of Zhuang, Yao, Miao and Dong live here. They are building this famous scenic city together. Guilin is famous for its beautiful mountains and clear waters and beautiful caves and rocks, so it has won the reputation of "Guilin is the best in the world".

Appreciate famous sentences:

I have seen the magnificent sea and the mirror-like West Lake, but I have never seen such water as Lijiang River.

I have climbed the majestic Mount Tai and visited the Red Leaves Fragrant Hills, but I have never seen the mountains around Guilin.

Second lesson

1. Dialogue: There are not only scenic spots, but also fertile land, vast grasslands, vast forests, swift rivers, rich products, precious animal and plant resources, water resources and mineral resources in ethnic areas of China. Students, let's go into these beautiful minority areas and look for the treasure of the motherland.

2. Read the textbook "Ethnic Rich Areas" 10 and 1 1 and think about it:

What crops and precious fruits are there in ethnic minority areas?

Communicate in groups.

Say its name.

Xinjiang, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and some minority areas in the south are fertile. Hard-working ethnic minority brothers and sisters planted crops such as wheat, rice, cotton, oilseeds and vegetables, as well as various precious fruits such as cantaloupe, mango, banana, litchi, pineapple and lemon. Especially in the southern minority areas, with mild climate and abundant rainfall, it is suitable for planting high-value cash crops, such as sisal, sugarcane, rubber, camphor, tea and coffee.

Why do cash crops such as sisal, sugarcane, rubber, camphor, tea and coffee grow in the south, while the north is rich in cattle, sheep and horses? What factors are related to this?

Let students think independently.

Discuss and communicate in groups.

Say its name. Supplementary summary of teachers and students:

Southern minority areas have mild climate and abundant rainfall, which are suitable for planting high-value cash crops, such as sisal, sugarcane, rubber, camphor, tea and coffee.

Northern minorities live on vast grasslands, where cattle, sheep and horses abound.

Let the students understand this problem from the climate characteristics of the north and south. Exchange some climate characteristics between the north and the south in the group.

3. Speech on national unity, 300-400 words. Anyway, it's easy to recite. It's urgent

There are 56 nationalities in our country, and they share a big family called "China". All 56 ethnic groups, big or small, are equal and are masters of the Chinese nation. It is conceivable that if members of a big family always fight and make noise, will family members feel happy? On the contrary, if we are United and friendly, this big family will live better.

Everyone knows that among the 56 ethnic groups, the Han nationality has the largest number, but other ethnic groups-ethnic minorities-are also very large. For example: the * * * Er nationality in Xinjiang, their raisins are fragrant; Miao people in Guizhou, how beautiful their costumes and ornaments are; The Dai people in Yunnan, how beautiful their peacock dance is; Yi people in Yunnan, how spectacular their torch festival is. There are many such examples, but only by uniting can the big family of "China" become "beautiful".

Every nation is making its due contribution to the construction of the motherland, and the people of every nation are building their homes with their own hands. This is our motherland, Qian Qian. We can't say which nation's customs are good or bad.

There is a lyric that goes like this: "Fifty-six nationalities, fifty-six flowers, fifty-six brothers and sisters are a family …" Yes! Only when "the cedar in Tianshan Mountain takes root and the people of all ethnic groups are heart to heart" can we let all ethnic groups have a big family called "China"!

4. Ask for documents: the fifth grade national common sense teaching plan.

The second lesson is the teaching goal of the vast and beautiful ethnic minority areas: to let students know where ethnic minorities live, with vast territory and rich resources, not only charming natural scenery, but also rich land and rich treasures. The key and difficult point of teaching is to let students know the local characteristics of ethnic minorities. Teaching time: 1 In the first class of four classes, introduce new lessons by speaking. Students, through the previous study, we already know that our ethnic brothers and sisters live in various parts of the motherland. The places where ethnic minorities live are vast and rich in natural resources. They not only have charming natural scenery and tourist attractions, but also have rich land and rich treasures. Let's visit these vast and beautiful places together. 2. Read and think. (1) Read the textbook "Beautiful Mountains and Rivers" on page 9 and think: What are the tourist attractions in ethnic minority areas? Where have you been? (2) Discuss and communicate in the group after reading. (3) Name them. (4) Teacher-student summary: There are many scenic spots in areas where ethnic minorities live in compact communities, such as Huangguoshu Waterfall in Zhangjiajie, Hunan, Jiuzhaigou in Sichuan, Qinghai Lake in Tianchi, Changbai Mountain in Xishuangbanna, Jilin, and Thousand Buddha Cave in Turpan, Xinjiang. Show the prepared photos of tourist attractions. 4. Appreciate the learned text "Guilin Landscape". Talk: Guilin is located in the northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, where there are brothers and sisters of ethnic minorities such as Zhuang, Yao, Miao and Dong. They jointly built this famous scenic city. Guilin is famous for its green hills, beautiful waters, strange caves and beautiful stones, so it has won the reputation of "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world". I have seen waves. I have enjoyed the West Lake as a mirror, but I have never seen water like Lijiang River. I have climbed the majestic Mount Tai and visited the Red Leaves Fragrant Hills, but I have never seen the mountains around Guilin. The second category, 1. Talk: There are not only scenic spots, but also fertile land, vast grasslands, vast forests, swift rivers and rich products in China ethnic areas. There are precious animal and plant resources, water resources and mineral resources. Students, let's go into these beautiful minority areas and look for the treasure of the motherland. 2. Read the textbook "Rich Ethnic Areas" on pages 10 and1and think about it: What crops and precious fruits are there in ethnic minority areas? Talk in the group. Say their names. Xinjiang, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and some minority areas in the south are fertile. Hard-working ethnic minority brothers and sisters planted crops such as wheat, rice, cotton, oilseeds and vegetables, as well as various precious fruits such as cantaloupe, mango, banana, litchi, pineapple and lemon. Especially in the southern minority areas, the climate is mild and the rainfall is abundant, which is suitable for planting high-value fruits. Such as sisal, sugarcane, rubber, camphor, tea, coffee and so on. Why do cash crops such as sisal, sugarcane, rubber, camphor, tea and coffee grow in the south, while the north is rich in cattle, sheep and horses? What factors are related to this? Let students think independently. Discuss and communicate in groups. Say their names. Teachers and students added that the southern minority areas have mild climate and abundant rainfall, which are suitable for planting high-value cash crops, such as sisal, sugarcane, rubber, camphor, tea and coffee. Northern minorities live on vast grasslands, where cattle, sheep and horses abound. Let the students understand this problem from the climate characteristics of the north and south. In the group,

5. Write a speech with more than 600 words on the topic of Chinese nation.

Today, people all over the world have witnessed China's success, pride and self-confidence. The return of Hong Kong and Macao marks the complete end of Western colonial rule in Asia. "Green Olympics" 20 12, China got 5 1.

Jin topped the gold medal list and ascended the throne of the world's largest sports country. The Shenzhou VII manned space flight was a complete success, and the China astronauts left the cabin for the first time, composing the magic of China.

I stand under the national flag.

Dear friends, standing under the five-star red flag dyed red with the blood of revolutionary heroes, while being proud of the great changes in our great motherland, can we not think about it? We can't forget everyone on the snowy mountain grassland.

The sincerity written by footprints, the shining hope of every red star on the octagonal hat, and the revolutionary belief pinned on every red flag! We can't forget the national hatred condensed by the guns of Chinese children in the green gauze tent, and we can't forget the mother on Taihang Mountain.

The clanging sound of children driving away robbers! We can't forget the young heroes Lin Senhuo and Wang Erxiao, who kept alert to the enemy's situation and left bright colors on the flag of the Republic with their young lives! We can't forget a man named

As a Canadian doctor of Bethune, he fought for the cause of human liberation in his fifties. Not far away, Wan Li came to China and left everything selflessly in this red land!

In the war-torn past

In the 1980 s, countless revolutionary martyrs sacrificed their precious youth and lives, shed their lives, and went through fire and water for national liberation, peaceful reunification of the country and the realization of the fundamental interests of the broad masses of the people.

I wrote an epic poem all my life. They built the Great Wall of Steel with their flesh and blood, without even leaving their names. Perhaps the footsteps of future generations have passed their graves many times, but no one knows it is inside.

Your own relatives. Perhaps the sacrifice of martyrs only brought them a pile of loess, but their hard work and selfless dedication brought us a happy life today.

Nowadays, the war years are drifting away, and the new generation who grew up under the red flag can't understand the hardships and tribulations of war. However, we have a new task. Revolutionary martyrs provide us with a superior living environment and opportunities to learn knowledge, increase talents and become pillars. We should have enough confidence to complete and develop the unfinished business of revolutionary martyrs.

The predecessors are not afraid to leave more blood, even if the descendants sweat more? It is necessary to adapt to the requirements of the development of the times, correctly understand the history and reality of the motherland, enhance patriotic feelings and revitalize the sense of responsibility of the motherland, and establish national self-esteem and self-confidence;

Carry forward the great spirit of the Chinese nation, hold high the banner of patriotism, forge ahead, strive for self-improvement and work hard to truly turn patriotism into a trip to serve the country. Study hard to revitalize China today and create tomorrow tomorrow.

Create a brilliant future for the motherland and contribute your strength!

Satisfied, please adopt.

6. Speech on "National Unity"

The phrase "carry forward the national spirit and love my splendid china" is almost known all over the country, but how many people can do it? China is one of the ancient civilizations in the world, from "Humanism is the ancestor of the Yellow Emperor" to Yao Shunyu's spirit of self-denial and love for parents. Every time I say that I am a descendant of the Chinese people in front of foreigners, I can't help but get proud and talk about the spirit of my ancestors, saying that I want to learn from them, but who did it? No, no, we are dishonest people, but some people are carrying forward the national spirit of our country to build our country. We can carry forward the national spirit without doing so much. What we don't have to do is let everyone know that you are promoting the national spirit. We can make way for the old, the weak, the sick and the pregnant. When crossing the road, we can help those old people cross the road, and we can also stop littering and scribble. Don't you protect the environment Won't this make our country better?

The construction of the motherland depends not only on one person, but also on the wisdom and hands of the people of the whole country. Have you ever heard the proverb "Three rotten eggs are worth one Zhuge Liang"? Even the wisdom of three rotten eggs can top Zhuge Liang's wisdom Doesn't this mean that unity is great? However, with the development of China's economy, our teenagers' learning has been greatly improved, and our ability to build the motherland and carry forward the national spirit has also been enhanced. Therefore, our young people's responsibility for carrying forward the national spirit accounts for two-thirds of those appointed to carry forward the national spirit.

Aren't there many such examples around us? For example, in the 1988 Olympic Games, after the players of our table tennis team beat each other, China won the first table tennis gold medal since participating in the Olympic Games, and table tennis became our national sport. Isn't this the construction of the motherland? And this year's Olympic Games, Milan champion Liu Xiang defeated the black people on the diameter track in men's 1 10, which won glory for our whole Asia and our country. Isn't this really building the motherland? ……

It is everyone's responsibility to carry forward the national spirit, and no one can leave this responsibility!

Carry forward the national spirit and love my splendid china.

7. Are there any speeches about national culture?

Li Shimin, an outstanding politician in the history of China, said: "With steel as a mirror, you can dress your clothes;" Taking history as a mirror, you can know the rise and fall. "

Byron, a great English poet, also said, "The best prophet is the past." Then, to understand the present and explore the future, let's trace back to the history of national culture, language and writing! In ancient times, agriculture first developed in Egypt, China, Babylon, India and Persia.

Smelting technology has enabled mankind to enter the Iron Age from the Bronze Age. The establishment of slavery in Athens made ancient Greece create brilliant scientific culture. Ancient Rome conquered Greece by force and established an empire spanning three continents.

China held high the torch of civilization and entered the feudal society. When did the people's community maintained by culture begin to appear after human beings were born on the earth? From the biological premise of constructing culture, Homo sapiens living in the late Pleistocene (from 40,000 years ago to 1 10,000 years ago) is not qualitatively different from modern people in wisdom, that is, the thinking ability as a cultural construction-behavioral awareness ability was fully possessed 40,000 years ago.

The research of contemporary biologists proves that human beings only use a small part of all the intelligence of the human brain when mastering the most complicated modern science, which means that human intelligence has a huge potential range. Therefore, we have reason to believe that Neanderthals (who lived 200,000 to 40,000 years ago) and early Homo sapiens (who lived 700,000 to 200,000 years ago), although their intelligence was lower than that of modern people, it was also possible to create culture by using their limited intelligence to a great extent. Coupled with the small adaptability and high specificity of early culture, the intellectual strength required is correspondingly small, so it is very likely that there was a community of people with culture and cultural support in the early Homo sapiens era.

We understand the emergence of culture. Readers will encounter the word culture everywhere in this article, but we can't confuse it with the culture mentioned in daily life. The concept of "culture" covers a wide range and has rich connotations.

Its explanation and definition are as follows. After more than a century of exploration and revision, the field of ethnology now tends to use the following definition to clarify the culture discussed in ethnology, that is, culture is a relatively stable, independent and complete sum of norms established by all members of the group in the way of gradual accumulation and convention through the continuation of generations, and continued and enriched through acquired learning.

British anthropologist Taylor Gump gave a descriptive definition of culture in the first chapter of his famous book Primitive Culture 187 1, that is, culture is a complex whole, including knowledge, belief, art, morality, law, habits and any other abilities and habits acquired by people as members of society. Domestic scholars Xiao Gan and Chen Zhiliang unified their understanding of cultural essence and human development with Marxism, and thought that the essence of culture was humanization.

It is the sum total of material products and spiritual products created by human beings in the historical process of transforming nature, society and human beings themselves, and it is a special activity of human behavior and lifestyle in the form of humanization. Culture is usually divided into broad sense and narrow sense.

Culture in a broad sense is humanization, which reflects the degree and way of human material and spiritual strength in the process of historical development; Culture in a narrow sense refers to a conceptual system with social ideology as its main content. Culture in a broad sense has the characteristics of humanization, sociality and diversity, and its construction can be analyzed from multiple levels.

It is not difficult to see that the cultural connotation defined by the above definition is really too broad, including all the inventions in the world, which is really far from the "culture" like "someone's cultural level" that we talk about every day. And culture is often used to refer to the mastery of general human knowledge in daily life.

According to this understanding, mastering culture is not something that everyone must or can do. However, in ethnology, culture is used to mean that everyone in all ethnic groups must master a culture.

People can draw different nationalities because everyone in society has different cultures acquired by society, which is an objective social phenomenon. Similarly, it is an objective social phenomenon that everyone must master a culture in order to put himself in a certain nation.

Both of them are independent of human will, so there is absolutely no person in society who has no national destination. Everyone has his own unique nationality and his own specific nationality, which is the objective destination of the nation. Second, national culture and national language. First of all, let's briefly discuss the origin of national languages.

From ancient times to the19th century, scholars from various schools have participated in the discussion on this issue, including philosophy, economics, sociology, biology and psychologists, such as Locke in Britain, Adam Isis in Germany, Sebnitz in Germany, Herder and Feng Te in France. According to the latest research by scientists, since the earth was cold enough to grow plants and animals on the ground, the history of human beings is about several hundred thousand years.

Among these hundreds of thousands of years, there are only thousands of years of historical records. Marxist philosophical materialism and the latest scientific understanding of language were produced by primitive humans in ancient times in order to meet the urgent requirements and needs of communication in collective labor, which was the conclusion of sound language from the beginning.

The formation and development of every nation has four characteristics. However, among the many characteristics of a nation, language has a special diversity status. This one-to-one correspondence between language and nation is not only very professional, but also very stubborn. Even though it has lasted for hundreds of years, the nationality and language have undergone serious changes, but the corresponding relationship remains the same.

These particularities of language in national culture are related to its special position in national culture. Culture is a whole system, and from the perspective of cultural structure, it certainly includes language.

Then the subsystems in this total system are not piled up in disorder, but are interrelated according to certain laws, forming a total network of culture. Just talking.

8. Urgent: National Common Sense Lesson 7 and Lesson 8 (Lesson 7: Brilliant National Culture, Lesson 8)

Lesson 7 Brilliant Literature and Art

Teaching objectives:

1, I know that in the long river of history, brothers and sisters of all ethnic groups have created a large number of excellent literary and artistic works with their intelligence, which greatly enriched the cultural life of people of all ethnic groups.

2. Have a broad understanding of the literature and art of ethnic minorities, including legends, stories, poems, novels, dramas, music, dances and crafts.

3. Stimulate students to love the splendid literature and art of ethnic minorities.

Teaching emphases and difficulties:

Understand the literature and art of ethnic minorities and cultivate students' feelings of loving ethnic literature and art.

Teaching time: four class hours.

Teaching process:

first kind

1, talk introduces a new lesson.

In the long river of historical development, brothers and sisters of all ethnic groups have created a large number of outstanding literary and artistic works with their intelligence, which greatly enriched the cultural life of people of all ethnic groups. Literature and art cover a wide range, including legends, poems, novels, plays, music, dances, handicrafts and so on. Students, how much do you know about the rich and colorful culture and art of the Chinese nation? Let's feel the charm of literature and art of all ethnic groups together and be proud of the splendid culture of our motherland and the wisdom of our compatriots of all ethnic groups!

2. Understand Cao Xueqin and A Dream of Red Mansions.

(1) Let the students who have read A Dream of Red Mansions or watched the TV series of A Dream of Red Mansions tell stories and tell who the author is.

(2) Let students read the textbook on page 44-Cao Xueqin and A Dream of Red Mansions.

(3) The group exchanged their feelings about reading Cao Xueqin and A Dream of Red Mansions.

(4) Question: What kind of book is A Dream of Red Mansions? A Dream of Red Mansions is a great novel in ancient China, which is regarded as one of the four classical novels in China.

Who is the author of A Dream of Red Mansions? (Cao Xueqin)

Cao Xueqin: Manchu, born in a noble family. Cao's family was implicated in the internal disputes of the royal family, and his family declined, which made ten-year-old Cao Xueqin fall from the luxurious upper class to the bottom of society, and his understanding of feudal society was deeper, which prompted him to write this masterpiece.

3. Extracurricular development

Watch Dream of Red Mansions, one of the four classical novels, or watch the TV series Dream of Red Mansions.

9. Speech to promote the national spirit (primary school students)

Students who love reading! Under the peaceful blue sky of the motherland and in our beautiful campus, we have better learning conditions than our predecessors. We can swim in the sea day and night, study and climb the mountain of books.

We have become a new generation of scholars, ambitious and seize the day. After learning the textbook knowledge well, we should read a lot of books, read Li Bai's elegance in the book, read Su Shi's boldness, miss Lu Xun's coldness and profundity, and feel Bing Xin's passion. Gorky said after suffering: "Books make me a happy person."

Isn't it? Reading brings us the most meaningful pleasure and the most lasting motivation; Reading brings us peace of mind and spiritual comfort. Friends may leave, but books are the most loyal partners. Time goes by, but reading keeps us young forever! Moreover, reading enables us to gradually establish communication with great writers at all times and in all countries. Under their guidance, the door of history opened for us, and the future showed us an ideal blueprint.

Some people say that "reading is enough for fun, gambling is enough for talent", which broadens people's horizons, gains new knowledge and cultivates their sentiments. Because there is a vast world in the book, there is an immortal spirit. Although things are different, books are always new.

So, love reading! Just like a hungry man jumping on bread, he loves reading, reading shocking noble works, kissing great spiritual enlightenment, absorbing the essence of wisdom beyond birth, illness and death, letting his eyes look to a wider space and time, and letting his heart communicate the past and the future, the known and the unknown. Bing Xin, a century-old man, said, "Read well, read well, read well."

This is a wise saying. Reading a good book can enrich the mind, distinguish between right and wrong, make people caring, civilized in behavior and standardized in etiquette; Reading a bad book makes people narrow-minded, shameless, selfish and cruel.

There is a story that Russian lomonosov wanted a book most when he was a child. He is the son of a fisherman. During the day, he goes fishing with his father, and at night, he hides in the shed and reads books.

One day, lomonosov and his father were fishing at sea. Suddenly, there was a strong wind, the sea raised huge waves, and the sail of the ship was blown off. The situation is very urgent. Desperate, he climbed up along the swaying mast, and soon the sails blown by the wind were firmly tied, and the fishing boat returned to stability.

After the gale passed, his father pulled him to his side and said with a smile, "Son, I will reward you for your bravery and buy you a deerskin coat, ok?" Lomonosov shook his head. "Then what do you want?" "I want to buy a book, dad, and nothing else."

"Isn't a deerskin coat better than a book?" "Dad, I want a good book with all kinds of knowledge. For example, why do the stars in the sky fall, and why the night is the dawn in the past ... "Father and sailors opened their eyes in surprise.

When he grew up, lomonosov became a famous Russian scientist, poet, linguist and historian. His scientific research covers a wide range, involving many fields of natural science.

At the same time of scientific research, he also carried out literary creation, linguistics and historical research, leaving many valuable works for future generations. Dear students, after listening to this story, you will certainly get some insights and enlightenment from it.

In the new century, I hope all students will be accompanied by good books: literature, art, knowledge, science and technology, thought and life ... as long as they are good books, it is beneficial to open them; Only by reading extensively can we have profound knowledge; Only with the company of books, the mind will not be poor and lonely, the body and mind can be cultivated, and life can be full of interest. "Half an acre of square pond is open, and the sky is full of clouds.

Ask where the canal is so clear, because there is running water at the source. "Students, let's drink this" source of living water ",climb the ladder of human progress, become a rich man of knowledge, a giant of spirit, and become a high-quality builder of the motherland in 2 1 century.