Tao Xingzhi was the standard-bearer of China's educational reform before and after the May 4th Movement. He insisted on starting from China's national conditions, running the education that China people needed well, and founded the theory of "life education". At present, the theory of "life education" has made new development in the whole country. In the past, Tao Xingzhi emphasized that "education and agriculture should work together" when reforming rural education. Now, the whole country is rejuvenating the country through science and education. In the past, Tao Xingzhi once criticized "exam-oriented education" and "exam killing". Now, "transforming exam-oriented education into quality education" has become the consensus of teachers. Preface 2: Tao Gong said: "The teacher's responsibility is not to teach, but to teach students to learn." He strongly opposes the "murder test" and advocates that education far from life is pseudo-education. "Thousands of teachers in Qian Qian teach people to seek truth, and thousands of students in Qian Qian learn to be human." Now it sounds like a lifetime ago. As a teacher, if we don't study Tao Xingzhi and practice him actively, we hardly touch the essence of education in China, such as the blind touching the elephant and the sand hitting Gai Lou. Isn't it wrong for the country and the people? Teaching integration (P 1): First, the responsibility of teachers lies in teaching students how to learn; Second, the method of teaching serves the method of learning; Third, teachers must learn while teaching. First-class educator (P4): Two elements: First, dare to explore new ideas, do not seek the ancients, do not imitate foreign countries, and have a creative spirit. Second, dare to enter the forefront and have a pioneering spirit. New education (P6): New education means "recovery", "continuous innovation" and "brand new". The purpose of new education is "independence", "independence" and "automation". New educational methods. The new school, the school is a small society and the society is a big school. Freshmen, the meaning of "learning" is to learn by themselves, not to sit and be taught; The meaning of "life" is to live or survive. New teachers should have faith, responsibility, Republican spirit, pioneering spirit and experimental spirit. The examination of new education should be based on the purpose, so that the spirit and financial resources will not be wasted. Research on Students' Autonomy (P 16): First, intellectual education pays attention to self-study; Second, physical education pays attention to self-improvement; Third, moral education pays attention to autonomy. Students' autonomy has four advantages. If students' autonomy is not done well, there will be several unfavorable factors. Education and Scientific Methods (P32): Everyone has the determination to run education by scientific methods, and everyone will study or solve a small problem. I dare say that education in China will achieve good results in 30 years. Elements of learning (P37): Physical health is one of the most important purposes in life, and the omnipotence of education is self-deception in education. Starting point of social transformation (P38): People engaged in social transformation should look far and start from the near. Half-year-old Yanziji Ethnic School (P43): a model of poor schools. Living with teachers and students (P48): What should be used to assimilate new students? It must be a stylish school spirit. Introduction to Mass Education (P50): Our hope is that everyone will understand if they read everywhere. Student spirit (P62): If you don't study by yourself, but study according to books written by others and old notes copied by yourself, you will certainly not benefit much when you are a student, and you will feel boring when you are a teacher. The spirit of students can be divided into three points: scientific spirit, euphemistic spirit and indomitable spirit. Learn to be a man (P67): To be a complete person, there are three elements: a healthy body, an independent mind and an independent career. Drop your own sweat; Eat your own food. Do your own thing. Relying on people, relying on the sky and relying on ancestors is not a hero. My school view (P70): Life-centered is a living school, while books-centered is a dead school. New Life in Wuxi Primary School (P75): a classic school with students as the main part. They made a fountain from under the eaves with foreign iron pipes. A good rural teacher has the skills of a farmer, a scientific mind and the spirit of transforming society. Thoroughly reform normal education (P 10 1): First, I hope normal schools will stop being nerds from now on; Second, I hope that normal students will no longer be trained by nerds; Third, I hope that society will no longer be assimilated by nerds and lively children; Fourth, I hope anyone who becomes a bookworm will put himself in the melting pot of life and exercise a new life from now on. How to guide students to study hard (P 103): Most students are naturally eager to learn, followed by edifying learning, then urging learning, and the lowest is urged not to learn. Edification is more important than urging. Knowing is the beginning of doing (P 109): "Doing is the beginning of knowing, and knowing is the success of doing." There are three kinds of knowledge: intimate knowledge, listening knowledge and speaking knowledge. Say that knowledge is inferred knowledge. Instrumental education in life (P 1 14): It must be admitted that written books are only a tool in life, and there are many tools that can be used to understand people's desires; We must admit that the way we used words and books in the past was wrong, and we should use them more appropriately in the future. "Pseudo-knowledge" category (P 120): Only words derived from experience are real written knowledge. Books are just a tool, just like saws and hoes, they all serve people. We say "use books" instead of "read books". Teaching integration (P 132): There is no "homework" in the dictionary of teaching integration schools. Work hard at work (P 135): Only when you reach your heart can you really do it. Teach yourself by teaching others (P 138): "Learning for teaching" must put yourself in the other's shoes and try to make people understand; If you try to make people understand, you will naturally understand more. Answering Zhu Duanyan's question (P 140): Common misunderstandings are: teaching with your mouth, learning with your ears, and doing with your hands; When it comes to education, it is associated with pens and books. I advocate doing things, learning from my own progress and teaching from the influence on others. Philosophy begins with doubt, and religion begins with faith. Life education is the integration of teaching and learning. Life is education (P 152): School is society, just like catching a lively bird from the sky and keeping it in a cage. It is easy to cheat because primary schools need to absorb everything in society. Society, that is, schools, is not like this. Is to put the caged bird in the sky and let it soar at will, or to extend everything in the school to nature. We must first achieve "society is school" before we can say "school is society"; First of all, we must achieve "life is education", and then we can talk about "education is life". Such a school is a school, and such an education is an education. Selection criteria for children's books (P 16 1): There are two kinds of books: one is to eat; One is to use books. Some of the books you eat are like rice, some are like snacks, some are like snacks, some are like medicine, and some are like opium. Children are people who create industries; No, the heir. There are three criteria for judging a children's book: first, whether it has the power to guide people's actions, second, whether it has the power to guide people's thoughts, and third, whether it has the power to guide people to produce new values. The first change of normal students-the Monkey King (P 165): First, he has a purpose, a vision and an ideal. Secondly, he visited the teacher for a purpose. Third, he studies with a purpose. The second transformation of normal students-becoming a child (P 170): Don't underestimate the feelings of children! Because of the generosity of Che Wang, who donated 10 million yuan, he gave you a piece of candy. He made a kite and couldn't fly, just as Led Zeppelin was hesitant to do it. He accidentally broke a clay doll, which was as sad as the death of a widow's only son. He didn't beat the people he hated, just as Roosevelt didn't have a chance to lead the troops to fight Germany. He was whipped by your anger and even felt the horror of the French Revolution in his dreams. He wrote without thinking, as if the presidential candidate had lost the election. He wants you to hug him for a while, but you choose to hug other children, just like a lover who has been taken away. You're confused, sir! There is watt under your pointer, Newton in your cold eyes and Edison in your ridicule. Don't be too busy driving them away. Do you have to wait until you get on the steam wheel, light the lights and learn calculus before you recognize them as your pupils? Teaching-learning-doing textbook (P 175): Teaching-learning-doing is the theory of life education method. Life and education are one thing, not two things. Teaching methods are based on learning methods; The learning method is based on the method of doing. Learn to do things and teach to learn. Teaching and learning are centered on doing. Thirty years ago, China's textbooks were word-centered. Up to now, China's textbooks are still word-centered. They don't teach children to do small construction and small production at home, schools, villages and cities to build the foundation of the country, but to teach children to govern the country and level the world. Isn't it just like Mr. Dong Bing in the Mongolian Children's Museum who used "university" and "golden mean" to fill children into ducklings? There are two treasures in life, hand and brain. It's better to be Robinson, a lonely island alone. Children's Science Education (P 192): Children who play tricks can't be called bad people. You know, science is a tool, just like a sharp knife, which can kill people and cut vegetables; We can't give up the knife just because it can kill people, and we can't kill people with special knives. We must use knives to cut vegetables and do work beneficial to mankind. Science should seek public happiness and alleviate public pain. We teach children science, not asking them to be slaves of a few rich people, but to be angels of the masses. Not just for the use and enjoyment of a few people. When the people in the society benefit more from it, they should use science to preserve their health, not science to stifle life. This is the most important point in advocating science education. The Educational Way Out in the Face of National Disaster (P203): Two treasures in life, the hand and the brain. Use your head, not your hand, and you will be knocked down. Use your hands instead of your brain, and you won't have enough to eat. You can be a great man who created the world with your hands and brain. Education of Creation (P207): So I say that action is Laozi, thought is son, and creation is grandson. Only action can acquire knowledge, only knowledge can create, and only creation can have enthusiastic interest. Killing Examination and Creative Achievement (P2 19): Since the entrance examination, there have been many funny tragedies in China traditional education circle. Students study exams, teachers teach exams, and schools become the preparatory offices for exams. The exam must teach you what you want to teach. The exam doesn't have to teach you what you don't want to teach, or even don't teach. So I stopped teaching singing, painting, gymnastics, housework, agronomy, technology, scientific experiments and so on. What I teach is just a book, just an exam book, just an exam guide! Education is equal to reading; Reading is equal to catching up on exams. Have fun, China traditional education! The educational administration that destroys the national viability on a large scale is not out of faith but out of perfunctory, not out of rationality but out of arbitrariness. Freshman in Education (P222): The practice of "passing on what you know" is the eternal basis for smashing the private ownership of knowledge and establishing "the world is public". Characteristics of life education (P238): 1. Life-oriented; 2. Action-oriented; 3. quality; 4. Facing the world; 5. Historical connection. Four Questions a Day (P283): The first question: Has my body improved? Question 2: Have I made progress in my study? The third question: Has my work improved? Question 4: Has my morality improved? Declaration of Creation (P305): Teachers' success is to create people worthy of their worship. Sweat is dry, blood is dry, enthusiasm is dry, stiff and dead. Dead people have no intention of creating. Democratic Children's Day (P3 10): Democracy has no profound meaning. In layman's terms, it means "everyone has a share." This is a democratic Children's Day, and we should let all children share their happiness. Creative Children's Education (P32 1): First, put us in the children's team and become a member of the children; Second, know that children have power; Third, liberate children's creativity; Fourth, cultivate creativity. Breaking children's hell and creating children's paradise (P328): two kinds of psychologically harmful children: one is neglected; Second, expectations are too low. Ignore it and let it die like a thatch. If expectations are too high, it will certainly promote it, but it will promote its early death. Popularization of Democratic Education (P337): 1939 Education Story of Laifengyi. Primary school teachers and the pro-democracy movement (P340): In China today, teachers, from the chairman to the principal, are inevitably dictatorial, intentionally or unintentionally, because everyone grew up in an autocratic atmosphere, influenced by autocratic style and never learned democratic style. A first-class professor has two elements: first, insight; Second, be willing to tell the truth, dare to refute lies and not tell lies. If we don't fight for democracy, so that the real democratic politics, democratic economy and democratic culture can be fully realized, we will be trapped in the hell of "starvation" for life. For-profit vocational education (P354): Vocational education must be read. Comment on Chen's Family Education (P366): A must-read for family education. Declaration on the Establishment of Rural Kindergartens (P370): Preschool education must be read. Nanjing Anhui College (P362) aims to run a school: Only when the barriers between people are completely opened can a school be regarded as a real spiritual exchange and a real personality education. Finally, we want to talk about the goals that hang in our hearts and guide us. First, the most taboo in learning is mystery, arbitrariness, believing in books, being almost self-sufficient and pretentious. We should try our best to cultivate students' abilities and attitudes to observe, doubt, assume, experiment, demonstrate, infer, understand, analyze and correct, and explore the source of truth. Second, we are most jealous of the surrounding environment. We are in cahoots, resigned to fate and let nature take its course. Aggressive people always want to change the environment. Third, there are many reasons to be human. The most important thing is to have the spirit of being rich without prostitution, being poor without moving, and being mighty and unyielding.