What is teaching and what is curriculum?

Teaching is a unique talent training activity composed of teachers' teaching and students' learning. Teachers should guide students to learn and master cultural and scientific knowledge and skills in a purposeful, planned and organized way through such activities, so as to improve students' quality and make them become people needed by society.

Curriculum refers to the total number of subjects that school students should study and its process and arrangement. Curriculum is the planning and design of educational objectives, teaching contents and teaching activities, and the sum of the implementation processes of teaching plans, teaching outlines and many other aspects.

In a broad sense, curriculum refers to the sum of educational contents and processes selected by schools to achieve their training goals, including various disciplines taught by school teachers and purposeful and planned educational activities. A course in a narrow sense refers to a certain subject.

(1) What is extended reading?

Traditionally, the course content has always been regarded as the knowledge that students want to acquire, emphasizing the transfer of knowledge to students, and the transfer of knowledge is based on teaching materials.

In order to accomplish the task with high quality and high efficiency, a crucial aspect is to follow the teaching rules, handle the relationship between indirect experience and direct experience, impart knowledge and improve ideological consciousness, impart knowledge and develop intelligence, give play to the leading role of teachers, and mobilize students' enthusiasm and consciousness.

What is a comprehensive course?

Comprehensive course refers to the integration of several related disciplines to make it a course that spans a wider common field.

For example, physics, geography, geography and other disciplines are merged into science.

Comprehensive courses can be divided into four categories according to their comprehensive degree and development track: related courses, integrated courses, wide-area courses and core courses.

(2) What is extended reading?

First, the advantages of comprehensive courses

1. The comprehensive course breaks the boundaries between disciplines and is conducive to cultivating students' overall understanding of things.

2. Comprehensive courses reduce the categories of courses and help to reduce the burden on students.

3. Based on the reality of life and society, the comprehensive course is practical and conducive to cultivating students' practical ability.

Second, the research object

1, subject standard

This course, also known as comprehensive subject course, is characterized by trying to integrate those related subject knowledge to form a new comprehensive subject. For example, botany, zoology, physiology and anatomy are integrated into biology, while geology, physical geography, human geography and historical geography are integrated into geography.

2. Social standards

Taking important social issues as the core, organize and arrange the knowledge content of different disciplines. Since 1970s, the internationally popular comprehensive social-oriented courses mainly include "Science-Technology-Society Course" (STS Course for short), "Environmental Education Course" and "International Understanding Education Course".

Step 3 be child-oriented

This kind of curriculum is also called "experiential comprehensive curriculum", which is characterized by organizing curriculum activities with children's current life and experience as the core. The "activity course" mentioned above is this type of comprehensive course.

Network comprehensive course

What is the connotation of the curriculum outline?

Curriculum refers to the total number of subjects that school students should study and its process and arrangement. In a broad sense, curriculum refers to the sum of educational contents and processes selected by schools to achieve their training goals, including various disciplines taught by school teachers and purposeful and planned educational activities. A course in a narrow sense refers to a certain subject.

purpose

Courses are teaching materials.

Traditionally, the course content is regarded as the knowledge that students need to acquire, and the key point is to impart the course to students.

Based on knowledge, and the transmission of knowledge is based on teaching materials. Therefore, the course content naturally becomes the teaching material used in the classroom. This is the embodiment of a discipline-centered view of educational purpose. The orientation of teaching materials is based on the knowledge system, which holds that the course content is what students want to learn, and the carrier of knowledge is teaching materials, represented by Comenius.

Courses are activities.

Dewey is the main representative of this course. Dewey believes that "the biggest drawback of curriculum is that it does not communicate with children's lives, and the center of interaction between disciplines is not science, but children's own social activities." By studying adult activities, we can identify various social needs and turn them into curriculum goals, and then further turn these goals into students' learning activities. This orientation focuses on what students do, not the subject system embodied in the textbook. Activity-oriented curriculum pays attention to the connection between curriculum and social life and emphasizes students' initiative in learning, which is a kind of inquiry teaching.

Course is experience.

In Taylor's view, the course content is learning experience, and learning experience refers to the interaction between students and the external environment.

He believes that "the basic means of education is to provide learning experience, not to show students all kinds of things." This view emphasizes that students are active participants, students are the main body of learning activities, and the quality and quantity of learning depend on students rather than courses, emphasizing the interaction between students and the external environment. The teacher's duty is to construct various situations suitable for students' abilities and interests, so as to provide meaningful experiences for each student.

What is the course plan?

Curriculum plan copy, also known as teaching plan, is the overall planning of curriculum design and arrangement. It is a guiding document on school education and teaching formulated by the national education department according to the educational purpose and training objectives of the school, and it is a comprehensive arrangement for school teaching and various educational activities.

It stipulates the subject categories and activities to be offered by the school, as well as their order and class time allocation, and divides the semester, school year and holidays.

(4) What is extended reading?

National curriculum standards should reflect the basic requirements of the state for students at different stages in knowledge and skills, processes and methods, emotional attitudes and values, stipulate the nature, objectives and content framework of each course, and put forward teaching and evaluation suggestions.

The formulation of national curriculum standards should be based on the characteristics of each course, combined with specific content, strengthen the pertinence, effectiveness and initiative of moral education, and educate students in patriotism, collectivism and socialism.

Strengthen Chinese excellent tradition, revolutionary tradition and national defense education, strengthen ideological quality and moral education, and guide students to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values; We should advocate scientific spirit, scientific attitude and scientific method, and guide students to innovate and practice.

What is the essence of the course?

The nature of the course mainly includes public compulsory, subject compulsory, subject elective, professional compulsory, professional elective, practice compulsory and practice elective. allow

You must choose all required courses when choosing courses. As for elective courses, you should be careful when choosing courses. If you are interested in or have an impact on your major, the elective credits only need to be no less than the minimum elective graduation credits.

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Curriculum standards are guiding documents that stipulate the nature, objectives, content objectives and implementation suggestions of a subject. Compared with the syllabus, the curriculum standard is detailed and clear in the basic concept, objectives and implementation suggestions of the curriculum, especially the basic learning requirements for all students.

Curriculum standards are usually expressed by academic benchmarks in the United States, and domestic scholars such as Mr. Cui Yunkuo also use standards.

The so-called curriculum standard is the definition and expression of what students should know and can do after a period of study, which actually reflects the country's expectation of students' learning results. Curriculum standards usually include several internally related standards, mainly including content standards (defining the field of study) and achievement standards (stipulating the level that students should reach in a certain field).

What is curriculum construction?

Curriculum is the foundation of teaching construction in colleges and universities, and curriculum construction is one of the important contents of school teaching capital construction.

The main content of curriculum construction is the construction of curriculum model and teaching model.

The construction of curriculum model mainly revolves around the question of what to teach, which mainly includes three aspects:

First, develop courses according to certain ideas and theories. At present, the more advanced concept and theory of curriculum development is "based on working process";

The second is to consider the characteristics of majors and students, and sort the courses according to the principle of gradual ability training;

The third is to formulate the framework scheme of curriculum objectives and content, that is, to establish curriculum standards.

Strengthening curriculum construction is an important measure to improve the overall teaching level and the quality of personnel training. It involves teachers, teaching content, teaching methods and means, teaching materials, teaching management and many other aspects of teaching infrastructure. It is a holistic teaching reform and construction work. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership and set up a leading group for secondary curriculum construction in departments (the leading group for college-level curriculum construction is composed of members of the teaching Committee).

The curriculum construction leading group is responsible for organizing the formulation of the curriculum construction plan and scheme of the whole hospital, organizing the acceptance of qualified courses for new majors and the selection of excellent courses, and inspecting, guiding and evaluating various courses; College, department (department) curriculum construction leading group is responsible for formulating the curriculum construction plan and scheme of the unit, carrying out qualified curriculum construction, guidance, acceptance and inspection, and organizing excellent curriculum declaration; So as to provide organizational guarantee for the effective development of curriculum construction.

It is the key to improve the quality of curriculum construction and realize the sustainable development of curriculum construction to have a team of teachers with noble morality, rigorous scholarship and "double high" academic level and teaching level.

In order to further strengthen the construction of teaching staff, encourage in-service teachers to pursue short-term studies and apply for doctoral and master's degrees, and the level of teaching and scientific research has been continuously improved; Make full use of the teaching resources of the school, strengthen the guidance and help for young teachers, and quickly improve the teaching level of young teachers; Consolidate the achievements of modern educational technology training, set up advanced training courses in modern educational technology among teachers, and comprehensively improve teachers' ability to use modern educational technology to reform teaching methods and means; Improve the quality of external teachers and try to hire famous professors at home and abroad to teach in our school.

What is the course plan?

What is the course plan?

Curriculum plan is a guiding document for school teaching and education based on training objectives.

Clarify the courses that schools should offer and the order of each course,

Allocation of class hours and compilation of academic year,

Make overall arrangements for in-class teaching and extracurricular activities.

What is a subject course?

Subject courses are also called "subject courses". The general name of traditional curriculum forms organized on the basis of cultural heritage. It consists of a certain number of different disciplines.

The characteristics of subject courses are: according to the category of knowledge; It is the result of abstracting, summarizing and sorting out human activity experience; Often relatively independent, self-contained; It is usually organized according to the internal logic system of a specific knowledge field. Logic, systematicness and conciseness are the biggest characteristics of subject courses.

(8) What is extended reading? The main disadvantages are as follows:

1. Multi-disciplinary courses lead to a bloated overall curriculum system, which will also increase students' academic burden.

2. Subject courses are organized by classification, but students' real life is complete. This artificial curriculum division leads to the fragmentation of students' cognitive structure, which is not conducive to the cultivation and development of students' comprehensive ability.

3. Because of the fine division of disciplines, the knowledge is too narrow and the content is too deep and difficult.

4. The subjects are separated from each other and isolated from each other, resulting in the separation or even disconnection of learning content.