1, the principle of combining respect with requirements. Makarenko believes that in the process of collective education, requirements are necessary, otherwise it is impossible to establish collective and collective discipline. When talking about "respect", makarenko pointed out that "respect is not something that respects appearance, nor something that exists independently of society". This is a kind of respect for those comrades who take part in our common labor and work, and it is also a kind of respect for activists. "

2. The influence principle of parallel education. Makarenko believes that the process of collective education should follow the principle of "becoming a collective through the collective". In his view, the collective is the foundation of education first. Teachers must educate individuals through the collective. Finally, the collective is the purpose and object of education. Makarenko believes that the collective and the individual are closely related, "there can be no individuals outside the collective in the Soviet Union".

3. The principle of forward-looking education. Makarenko believes that the vitality of the collective lies in continuous progress. In makarenko's view, prospect education can be divided into three steps, namely, close shot, middle shot and long shot. The close shot is mainly aimed at children who have not yet arranged their long-term plans and interests in the future. As the child grows older, the close shot will gradually give way to the middle shot and the long shot. Whether it is to achieve close shot, middle shot or long shot, it should play a role in encouraging students to study hard and preventing hedonism.

Extended data

This principle is the embodiment of the mass line in ideological and moral education. The collective is the object of education, and the formation of a good collective is the result of education; When a good collective is formed, it becomes a great educational force. The correct political direction, common goals, collective public opinion and excellent traditional style of work will have a great influence on each member. When relying on the collective to carry out education, the collective members feel that they are not simply passive educatees, but also have the responsibility to educate others, thus improving the consciousness and enthusiasm of self-education. Makarenko said: "No matter what persuasion, we can't do everything that a correctly organized and proud collective can do."

To implement the principle of collective education, educators should pay attention to: ① cultivate a strong collective, organize collective activities purposefully and in a planned way, and improve the moral level of the collective. (2) For collective education, put personal problems into the collective to solve; By dealing with individual problems, the collective is educated at the same time.

Refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-makarenko