The collection, arrangement and analysis of literature laid the foundation for the writing of literature review. The format of literature review generally includes: introduction of literature review: including the reason, significance, scope, text title and basic content overview of literature; Literature review body: It is the main content of literature review, including history (seeking the development process of research problems), present situation, basic content (seeking the progress of understanding), research method analysis (seeking the reference of research methods), solved problems and remaining problems, and paying attention to the current influence and development trend in detail, which not only enables researchers to determine the research direction, but also facilitates others to understand the starting point and breakthrough point of this study. The conclusion of literature review: the conclusion of literature research, summarizing my own research viewpoints, existing different opinions and problems to be solved, etc. Appendix to literature review: list the references and explain the materials on which the literature review is based, so as to increase the credibility of the review and facilitate readers' further retrieval. First, literature review should not be a repetition, listing and general introduction of existing literature, but a critical analysis and comment on the advantages and disadvantages and contributions of previous studies. Therefore, literature review should include the dual meanings of comprehensive refining and analytical review. Literature review model essay 1: research on "problem-inquiry-communication" primary school mathematics teaching mode ... We browsed hundreds of teaching modes on the Internet, downloaded more than 200 articles about teaching modes and studied more than 50 articles. To sum up, China's classroom teaching models can be divided into three categories: (1) traditional teaching model-"teacher-centered theory". The main theoretical basis of this teaching mode is behaviorism learning theory, which has long been the mainstream mode of school teaching in China. Its advantages are ... its disadvantages are ... (2) Modern teaching mode-"student-centered theory". The main theoretical basis of this teaching mode is constructivism learning theory, which advocates student-centered teaching ideas, teaching design, teaching methods and teaching management. Since 1990s, with the application of information technology in teaching, information technology has developed rapidly. Its advantages are ... its disadvantages are ... (3) the teaching mode with complementary advantages-"dominant subject theory". This teaching mode is teacher-oriented, student-centered, taking the advantages of behaviorism and constructivism learning theories and abandoning their shortcomings, which is the sublation of "teacher-centered theory" and "student-centered theory". The "leading-subject" teaching mode embodies dialectical materialism epistemology, but there is no effective and operable teaching method and mode in teaching practice. The traditional teacher-centered primary school mathematics teaching model can be expressed as "reviewing and introducing-imparting new knowledge-summarizing-consolidating exercises-assigning homework". To this end, we put forward the subject of "research on the teaching mode of primary school mathematics with question-inquiry-communication". In the document review model 1, the researcher made a comprehensive and systematic understanding of related research fields, and made a critical analysis and comment on related documents. For researchers engaged in a certain subject, consulting literature helps them to grasp the development history and present situation of their own research field as a whole, the main research achievements, controversial places, the latest research directions and trends, areas neglected by researchers, and suggestions for further research work. Literature review mode 2: Study on self-study methods of rural middle school students 1. Research Status in Foreign Countries There are many methods of self-study abroad. The procedural learning method proposed by American psychologist Skinner makes learning relatively easy and is beneficial to students' autonomous learning. The trial-and-error learning method created by American psychologist Thorndike mainly solves the problems in learning. There are also super learning methods, such as searching, asking, reading, taking notes, reviewing, suggesting and so on. 2. Research Status of China China has attached great importance to the study of self-study methods since ancient times, such as "making the past serve the present" and "making the present serve the present". Mr. Ye Shengtao, a modern educator in China, advocates cultivating students' self-study ability. Comrade Lu Zhongheng, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, first put forward the "self-study counseling teaching method". The main advantage of this method is that, Wei Shusheng's Chinese teaching advocates improving learning efficiency by improving students' learning consciousness. ........................................................................................................................... Starting with model essay 2 of literature review, .................................... listed the discussion and practice of self-study methods by representative experts and scholars at home and abroad, and summarized the advantages of some contents. After choosing a major research direction, before determining a specific research topic, consulting a large number of documents to understand the relevant research situation will help researchers to clarify the research content through comparative analysis, determine the research scope of the topic, and better control and grasp the topic according to the feasibility, interest and ability of researchers. However, the literature review comments on the advantages and disadvantages of each expert and scholar's theory and practice. Second, the literature review should be concise, try to avoid quoting a large number of original texts, make the author's views clear in his own language, and draw general conclusions from the original texts. The purpose of literature review is to point out the current research status, problems that should be further solved and future development direction through in-depth analysis of past and present research results, and to comment on various research results according to relevant scientific theories, combined with specific research conditions and actual needs, and put forward their own views, opinions and suggestions. It should be pointed out that literature review is not a simple introduction and listing of previous research results, but a scientific research work in which the author systematically summarizes the progress of a certain research field at a certain stage after careful reading, and puts forward his own opinions in combination with the specific situation and actual needs of his own region. Third, literature review is not a database. It should closely focus on the "problems" of the subject research and ensure that the existing research results are directly related to the subject research. Its content is closely organized around the theme, which can not only systematically and comprehensively reflect the history, present situation and trend of the research object, but also reflect all aspects of the research content. Literature Review Fan Wensan: Experimental study on the methods of mental health education in rural primary and secondary schools: A summary of the research status of this subject at home and abroad: 1998 The International Mental Health Association emphasizes "the definition of health ……" The initiator of the mental health movement is American C. Bierce. Maslow's humanism emphasizes "self-realization"; Ferram put forward the "new person theory"; Ault put forward the theory of "mature person" ... the United States was the first country to provide psychological counseling as part of school education ... The former Soviet Ministry of Education promulgated the Regulations on Psychological Counseling in Soviet Ordinary Schools in 1984; Japan is also actively introducing psychological counseling from the United States. ......................................................................................................................................... ............................. China Youth Research Center and China Youth Development Foundation conducted a large-scale nationwide survey, and published the results on June 7 1997, which aroused the shock of Chinese people, especially the education sector ... 1988 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Notice on Reforming and Strengthening Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools. On February 20th, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights and Interests of the Child ... 1993. The National Education Work Conference clearly stated that "mental health education should be given to students of different ages in various ways ..." The State Education Commission. It should be said that from the early 1990s to the mid-1990s, Shanghai's mental health education in primary and secondary schools was at the forefront of the country. 1994 Shanghai municipal education commission issued relevant documents and published relevant teaching materials. But they put most of their energy into city students. At the same time, Xicheng District of Beijing and Ding Rong have become the "psychological education center", but so far no one has put forward the experience of shaping the methods and methods of psychological education in rural primary and secondary schools. Therefore, the ways and methods of psychological education in rural primary and secondary schools are worth studying. As can be seen from the literature review mode 3, the members of the research group read a lot of materials. However, there are few summaries about "ways and methods of mental health education". There is not much analysis on the difference of mental health between rural students and urban students. The characteristics of "countryside" are unclear, and "methods and ways" are unclear. This will bring trouble to the later research direction and design. Fourth, the literature review should be comprehensive, accurate and objective. It is best to use opinions and arguments for comments from a single document, and try to avoid using others' explanations or reviews of the original documents. How to write a literature review? I found it annoying to write reviews, so I summarized them. 1. Set the goal and determine the key words of the article. 2. Search for literature. Generally, you can find enough books on China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), or you can go to the library to find some related books. I think there are many English documents in EBSCO and Elsevier ScienceDirect, which are easy to download. But all I searched was liberal arts. By File-Save a copy. 3. List documents in a standard format with one word. The format requirements are in the graduation thesis format of our college website. 4. Look at the framework of one or two documents or books, draw up the framework of literature review to be written, and adopt the document structure diagram to make the thinking clear. Among them, "the deficiency of existing research" must be written. Document structure chart: change the title style (usually the ones marked with "I", "I" and "1") to "Title I", "Title II" and "Title III", and set the font and font size as required. There is a "Document Map" button in the toolbar, which will appear on the left side of the page when clicked. 5. Fill the frame with the contents needed in the literature. In this process, make footnotes. Footnote exercise: insert-quote-footnote or endnote, choose footnote and page bottom, choose numbering format by yourself, and the numbering method is continuous. Apply changes to the entire document, and then press Insert. This will automatically number the footnotes. 6. Footnotes only need to indicate the author's name and article page number. After the article is completed, copying and pasting the previous literature list can be completed quickly. 7. Make endnotes. Endnote is to copy and paste words and sort the numbers as required. 8. Check whether the framework and content of the full text are reasonable, whether there are typos and correct them. Reading the literature well is the key, otherwise it will be written in vain. Using "Window"-"New Window" will bring up another window of the same kind, which is convenient for changing articles in context.