1. Preschool children's psychology is a science that studies (c) the law of children's psychological development.

A.0-8, 9 years old B.0-3 years old

C.0-6 years old D.O.- 13, 14 years old.

2. The following belongs to the neonatal unconditional reflex is (a).

A. Grabbing reflex B. Sucking reflex

C. Turn around and reflect. D. Open your mouth

3. It is generally believed that the baby's reaction to color is different from (d).

A.65438+ 0 months after birth B. 2 months after birth

C. Three months after birth

4. In the specific thinking stage, children rely on (b) to think.

A. Action B. Appearance

C. Language D. Image

5. (1) It is the baby's first social behavior.

A. Smile B. Cry

C. Anger D. Open your mouth

6. Among all kinds of personality and psychological characteristics of people, (b) is the earliest and the slowest.

A. Personality B. Temperament

C. Ability D. Nature

7. The following does not belong to the category of children's egocentric language (D).

A. Repeat B. Monologue

C. monologues in pairs or groups

8. Kohlberg's theory of three levels and six stages did not mention which of the following stages? (1)

A. heteronomous morality level B. Pre-custom level

C. Customized level D. Customized level

9. The age of children who take structured games as the most important game form is (C).

A. 1 year-old B.2-3 years old

C.4 years old D.7 years old

10. Psychological activities are highly exciting and unbalanced, with rapid and sudden colors, and the corresponding temperament type is (a)

A. Vibrio cholerae

C. Mucinous depressive substance

Second, true or false (65438+ 0 points for each small question, a total of 20 points)

1 1. The continuity of development lies in the increase or decrease of quantity. ( √ )

12. The development stage reveals qualitative changes. ( √ )

13. Heredity plays an important role, which is the natural premise of children's psychological development. ( √ )

14. The appearance of explicit conditioned reflex is considered as a sign of psychological occurrence. ( √ )

15. The visual adjustment function of newborns is poor, and the focus of vision is difficult to change with the distance of objects. ( √ )

16. Infants with rich early exercise experience are more sensitive to depth and less afraid. ( √ )

17. Babies eight or nine months ago have a permanent understanding of objects. ( × )

18. Children only have mechanical memory but no meaningful memory, so there is no need to guide them to remember meaning. ( ×)

19. Children's autobiographical memory is closely related to the level of speech development, and dialogue and communication can promote the development of autobiographical memory. ( √ )

20. The general trend of children's thinking development is that intuitive movement thinking comes first, concrete image thinking comes later, and abstract logical thinking comes later. Therefore, the three ways of thinking are opposite to each other. Mutually exclusive ( × )

2 1. Concrete operation means that children's thinking operation must be supported by concrete things. ( √ )

22. Whether a child has the ability of hypothetical reasoning is an important sign to judge his intelligence. ( √ )

23. Adults should respect children's proper emotional expression and experience. For bad emotional performance, we should promptly teach, be tolerant, not impatient, and not punish. ( √)

24. From the perspective of parenting style, children with security attachment have a strong desire to explore and can actively share toys with other children. ( √ )

25. Children with rebellious attachment are prone to implicit behavior problems, such as depression and timidity. ( √ )

26. Children with rebellious attachment are prone to explicit behavior problems, such as aggression. ( × )

27. Opinion selection ability refers to children's selective absorption of other children's opinions. ( × )

The stereotype period is a typical period of children's painting, and it is the main period for children to learn painting in preschool stage. ( √ )

29. There are different types of children's temperament, and there are also good and bad points. ( × )

30. Skinner's theory of operational behavior is only applicable to the shaping of children's new behavior, but has no effect on the correction of bad behavior. ( ×)

Three. Q&A (questions 365,438+0 and 32, 65,438+02, and 33, 65,438+06, 40 points in total)

3 1. Briefly describe the research tasks of developmental psychology of preschool children.

(1) Explain the psychological characteristics of preschool children and the development trend of various psychological processes;

(2) Reveal the mechanism of children's psychological development and change.

32. Briefly describe the characteristics of children in heteronomous morality stage.

(1) Regarding the understanding of rules, it is believed that rules are omnipotent and unchangeable;

(2) The attitude of evaluating behavior is extreme;

(3) judging behavior according to consequences;

(4) regarding punishment as God's will, and being in favor of severe punishment;

(5) unilaterally respect authority and abide by adult standards and rules.

33. Try to discuss the influence of early attachment on later behavior.

(1) influence on social development;

Children with safe attachment have a positive psychological state, are willing to communicate and explore, are confident, and have a good sense of control over their surroundings. Children with unsafe attachment often develop the characteristics of shrinking, poor communication skills, self-confidence and emotional instability.

(2) Influence on emotional development:

Good attachment will lead to a person's trust, self-confidence and successful attachment to his peers and descendants. On the contrary, he may become an unreliable adult because of lack of attachment and cannot develop into a good father or mother.

(3) Influence on cognitive development:

Children with safe attachment can treat problems positively and enthusiastically, have good persistence, cooperate with others and actively adjust their behavior. However, children who refuse to be attached are not interested in problems, show negative emotional reactions when encountering difficulties, are easily disappointed, and cannot solve problems independently.

Four, analysis questions (20 points)

34. Materials:

He has a short temper. Every time he takes a picture book, he always takes a big stack and turns it over quickly. Even though the new book is almost finished, he likes activities with a lot of activities. Every time he plays creative games, he always plays war. He is the person who throws sandbags farthest in the class; He likes to show off his bravado: once the whole class was waiting in line, he suddenly ran out of the line and pulled the rotating chair hard; He can't sit still in class, he can't stand up casually, and he can't move around in his chair. He often screams. Even if the teacher gave him a hint, he couldn't help it. He often answers the teacher's questions in a hurry without listening clearly, so he often answers irrelevant questions.

Please point out the types of children's temperament and educational measures according to the description of the materials, and talk about the educational significance of studying children's temperament.

(1) indicates type: temperament belongs to gallbladder. (4 points)

(2) It is of great educational significance to study children's temperament types. (2 points)

First of all, to be clear, there is no good or bad temperament. Every temperament has its positive side and negative side. (4 points)

(3) Specific practices: For developing preschool children, adults and teachers around them should implement education on the premise of understanding and respecting children's temperament differences, so as to be targeted and achieve practical results. (6 points)

(4) Educational measures for children with excessive bile: It is necessary to cultivate children's self-control and let them learn to be calm, calm and patient. (4 points)