After more than one year's art teaching practice and several months' online study, I gradually realized the importance of the professional and systematic development of junior high school art teachers. I am engaged in art teaching in junior high school, and sum up my learning experience in my daily work.
For a long time, "art" is a miscellaneous subject in the eyes of most people, which is irrelevant. They think that art is drawing on paper with pens and pigments, art teachers teach students to draw, and the evaluation of art teaching is based on whether painting is like or not. But I don't know much about architecture, sculpture, arts and crafts, computer art and other broad fields. Most rural schools do not know enough about the important role of cultivating sentiment, improving artistic and cultural literacy, cultivating innovative spirit and practical ability, and promoting all-round development in the process of art learning. At the same time, the evaluation of art teaching and teachers is one-sided and isolated.
After the new curriculum reform, junior high school art textbooks pay more attention to stimulating students' creative spirit and cultivating students' divergent thinking and practical ability. Teachers should actively create a good learning environment for students and increase cultural connotation. Traditional art textbooks and teaching only focus on imparting professional knowledge and skills, which is divorced from students' daily life. This kind of learning concept is difficult to cultivate students' creative spirit. Under the new curriculum reform, teachers should encourage students to carry out inquiry activities in appreciation activities. After a year and a half of rural art teaching and these online studies, I personally summarized the following points.
First, build a harmonious relationship between teachers and students, so that students like teachers and are interested in teachers' courses.
Second, whether there is a relaxed and pleasant teaching environment.
Third, whether classroom teaching is artistic and interesting.
Fourthly, whether we can use PPT, model painting, telling stories, playing games, playing video music and other teaching methods to guide students to enhance their feelings about the image.
Fifth, pay attention to role exchange in class, so as to narrow the distance between teachers and students, and don't let students have the illusion that art class is a burden and appreciating and understanding works is a task.
Sixth, make a reasonable evaluation to gain the trust of students. Students always want to be affirmed. As a teacher, we should first express our appreciation for students' active participation and make a reasonable evaluation.
In addition, we should vigorously carry out extracurricular teaching activities. However, this discussion should not be a continuation of classroom teaching, nor should it be an unorganized laissez-faire. Teachers should organize students according to different classes, levels, levels and hobbies. The art teaching advocated by the new curriculum reform should pay attention to students' feelings about art, pay more attention to the relationship between art and culture and history in the cultivation of expressiveness and creativity, create a teaching organization conducive to students' autonomous learning, let students feel beauty, discover beauty and create beauty in a relaxed atmosphere, and strive to organize teaching with new ideas in teaching to achieve better teaching results. As an art teacher, I should do this well and make myself a qualified teacher.
Art teachers' research journal II Every distance education and study is an improvement for our front-line teachers. It is a good learning platform, which allows us to master the latest education and teaching ideas and innovative teaching methods in time, and serve to improve our teaching level. Through this study, I benefited a lot and felt a lot. Now I'd like to talk about my personal thoughts on art teaching methods in lower grades.
According to the psychological characteristics of primary school students, I think art teaching in lower grades of primary school should start with observation, cultivate thinking ability, improve creativity, pay attention to the cultivation of aesthetic sensibility and aesthetic ability, promote students' thinking ability, and thus develop creative ability. This requires us to follow the rules, master the characteristics and step by step in teaching. According to the regularity of children's understanding of the world and their ability to understand and feel the world, grasp the transformation process from complex to simple, and then from simple to complex.
1. Stimulate children's interest in observation and develop the good habit of observing anytime and anywhere. Interest is the best teacher. To stimulate children's interest in observation, teachers must first find out what children are interested in. Generally speaking, children like sports things better than static things, things with sound better than things without sound, things with bright colors better than things with dark colors, and things with relative novelty better than things with absolute novelty. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to those things that can attract children and reflect the essence of objects and phenomena when choosing observation objects. "The more new things children see and hear, the more they want to see and hear" (Piaget, psychologist). Over time, children will become interested in observation and form a good habit of observing anytime and anywhere.
2. Teach students the method of observation and help them learn to observe in their interest that "it is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish". When children are interested in observation, teachers must put forward the purpose and task of observation to them before observation. The so-called clear purpose and task is to let children know what to observe, why to observe, and what to pay attention to when observing, so that children's observation is more selective and targeted. Preschool children and lower grade children can't control their eyesight when observing. They look around without purpose or plan. Therefore, teachers should guide them to observe and teach them observation skills. Rudolf arnheim, a gestalt child psychologist, said, "Watching means capturing some of the most prominent features of the things in front of you. Only a few outstanding features can determine a complete style. " It can be seen that to understand a thing, the most important thing is to observe its main characteristics and the relationship between objects. In painting activities, teachers should guide children to observe the characteristics, shapes, colors, proportions and spatial relationships of objects. Observation follows the general law of starting from simple things, gradually entering into complex things, and entering into subtle local observation from general observation.
3. There are two basic ways to cultivate students' observation ability, and there are many ways to improve students' painting performance ability and cultivate children's observation ability. I think there are two ways to cultivate children's observation ability in painting activities: one is to lead children to observe in nature. The second is to observe objects and pictures indoors.
Observation of Nature: Nature is magical and colorful. Gorgeous colors always have fresh and magical charm for children. They are used to using bright solid colors to express objects conceptually, such as drawing trees in green and drawing the sky in blue. So the tree is green and the sky is blue? Classroom teaching should go deep into nature and let students go outdoors to observe carefully. They will immediately say, "The tree is not green, the light part is yellow-green, the backlight part is dark green, and a little purple …", so the painted color is not monotonous. Later, I organized students to go outdoors, guided them to observe, and inspired them to say, "Look up, what is the difference between the color of the near sky and the color of the distant sky?" See who observes most carefully. "After careful observation, the students were surprised to find that the sky above them was blue and the color was fresh, while the sky in the distance was not very blue, as if covered with a hazy gauze and the color was gray. In the process of observing nature carefully, students will have high interest and be able to answer teachers' questions actively. The colors of nature are ever-changing. Students are encouraged to observe more in life, cultivate keen observation and color sense, let them discover and gather beauty in nature, and give full play to their creativity and expressiveness.
Observe the real thing indoors. Put the real thing in front of the children and let them describe it while observing. This is not to let children sketch directly from physical objects, but to let them deepen their understanding of physical objects from deeper observation, thus breaking the conceptualization in children's paintings and overcoming the phenomenon of hasty description because of unclear physical concepts. Therefore, observing something indoors is also a very important way for children to draw. Let's take observing apples as an example. One day, I put some apples in a fruit bowl for children to observe. A minute later, I covered the fruit bowl and asked the students to talk about the results just now. The children were very enthusiastic, and some said, "Teacher, I just saw a plate of apples, some big and some small." Some said, "Teacher, I just saw some apples are red and some are green." I have asked many children this answer. After I fully affirmed their answers, I asked enlighteningly, "Has anyone seen some red apples and some green apples on the plate?" At this time, the children looked at me and I looked at you. No one raised their hands, so I opened the lid of the apple and let the students continue to observe. A minute later, I covered the fruit bowl again. The children were so happy this time that they tried to answer "Teacher, there are three red apples and two green apples in the dish" and "No, there are three green apples and two red apples in the teacher's dish", so the two groups competed with each other. At this moment, I spoke. Let's vote. As a result, most students voted for the first one. I didn't say anything, just lifted the lid, class.
4. Learn to observe and describe, and enrich students' imagination. Observation and description mainly include two aspects: first, teachers can not only guide children to observe with language, but also describe the observed object with artistic language. For example, a poem is used to describe it, just as a teacher is leading children to observe the big white goose and reciting Luo's poem about goose: "Goose, goose, white hair floating green water, red palm clearing waves." Vividly expressed the expression, color and artistic conception of the goose. Second, when observing, the teacher must let the children describe what they have observed. Such observation involves not only vision but also language, which is of great benefit to deepening children's observation and memory.
5. Consolidate students' observation results and show students' personal dreams. In painting activities, one of the purposes of children's observation is to let children "speak in kind" in painting creation. Therefore, after the teacher leads the children to observe, it is necessary to let the children show it with pictures in time. If insufficient observation is found in painting, children should be allowed to return to the observed object for further observation, so as to promote the development of children's observation ability.
In short, it is very important to cultivate children's observation ability in art education, which is the basis of children's imagination, thinking, creativity, operation and aesthetic ability. It is the unshirkable responsibility and obligation of every art educator to cultivate children's observation ability, broaden children's thinking space, polish children's window of mind, create a beautiful world, release children's individual dreams, and cultivate children's correct observation methods and abilities.