With the development of society, the understanding of the relationship between educational theory and educational practice is more and more profound and diversified. The relationship between educational theory and educational practice is mainly as follows: first, educational theory and educational practice are inherently separated; Second, educational theory guides educational practice, and educational practice depends on educational theory; Third, educational practice is independent of educational theory and has its own autonomy. In addition, scholars also have their own opinions: some scholars think that education theory and education practice are internally unified, some scholars think that education theory and education practice are mutually nourishing, some think that education theory and education practice are tense, and some equate their relationship with that in natural science, and so on. This paper analyzes the connotation, historical development and logical basis of educational theory and practice, expounds some viewpoints on the relationship between them, puts forward the main problems existing at present, and finds out the improvement strategies. The relationship between educational theory and educational practice is a grand problem, involving many problems in the field of education. Therefore, people need to explore it tirelessly.