Through the historical review of the purpose of socialist education in China and the investigation of the specific contents of educational purposes in various historical periods, we can find that although their contents are not the same, some emphasize the simultaneous development of three educations, four educations, five educations and even six educations from the teaching methods, and some emphasize the common achievement of morality, intelligence, physique and beauty from the development of students' due quality, but their guiding ideology has a common feature. That is to say, socialist education is based on Marxist theory of all-round development of human beings, which is the inheritance, application and development of Marxist theory of all-round development under socialist historical conditions and embodies the common spiritual essence. This is:

(A) training "laborers" is the general requirement for the purpose of socialist education.

The most fundamental question in the purpose of education is to answer the question of who to train. The purpose of education in ancient slave society and feudal society is to train rulers and talents who serve them; The purpose of capitalist education is not only to train bourgeois successors, but also to "train obedient slaves and capable workers for capitalists". Socialist society is a society that wants to destroy classes. In a socialist society, everyone should be a worker and the master of the country. Therefore, it is the fundamental symbol and general requirement of the purpose of socialist education to train everyone as a laborer. New people trained by socialist education should never be exploiters and parasites, and everyone should be proud of their own work. The founder of Marxism once pointed out that in an ideal society, "no individual can push part of his productive labor, a natural condition for human survival, to others". Lenin also clearly told us: "The purpose of the proletariat is to build socialism, eliminate social class division and make all members of society workers." While putting forward the goal of socialist education, Mao Zedong also pointed out: "The establishment of the socialist system has opened up a road for us to reach the ideal realm, and the realization of the ideal realm depends on our hard work." All this points out that there is only a division of labor in socialist society, but everyone should be a laborer, and labor is the glorious duty of every citizen who has the ability to work. Socialist education trains every member of society to be a laborer, which is the essential difference between socialist education and all exploiting class education.

The purpose of socialist education is to train workers, but the workers mentioned here include both manual workers and mental workers. Under socialist conditions, both manual workers and mental workers are laborers. It is one-sided to understand workers only as manual workers.

Socialist workers should be new workers. "Working people should have knowledge, and intellectuals should have labor". The socialist ideal worker is a worker who combines mental labor with manual labor and is a "all-round producer". Cultivating this new type of workers is the ideal requirement of socialist education.

China's current education policy is to train "builders" and "successors", but in fact this only refers to "workers". The builders and successors of the socialist cause are both laborers, and their respective references are only the concretization of requirements from different angles. "Builders" and "successors" should not be understood as training two kinds of people, but as a unified requirement for the two functions of socialist workers. In other words, socialist workers are qualified "builders" of socialist material civilization and spiritual civilization, and should be the revolutionary successors of the socialist revolutionary cause. This is a unified requirement for new socialist people, and they should not be separated and opposed. Separating and opposing the requirements of training "builders" and "successors" fundamentally violates the basic spirit of the purpose of socialist education.

So c is right.