Source of works
"No trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble, no trouble. With a word "mistake", the story of the author's life is told. The last two sentences are angry words, which are the inverted feelings of life. On the surface, this poem is about children's education, but in fact it is a satire on officialdom, showing the author's cynicism and cynicism.
original work
children's games
Everyone wants to be smart when adopting a son, and I have been delayed by being smart all my life.
I only hope that this child is honest and honest, and there is no disaster and no difficulty in reaching the public.
Sentence annotation
(1) adopted son: having children. "Book of Rites University": "Those who have not learned, adopt children, and then marry."
⑵ Stupid and heartless: ignorant and slow to respond. Stupid is stupid, stupid; Lu is slow and stupid.
(3) Minister: generally refers to senior officials. Han Xunyue's "Emperor Ji of Han Zhao Ji": "In the first year of Yuan Dynasty, spring and February." Huang oriole went down to Zhang Jian Palace, and officials celebrated his birthday.
Translation of works
Everyone wants children to be born smart. But what are the benefits of being smart? It is because I am smart that I am envied by others, and I have missed my life because I am smart. I only hope that my son is stupid, dull, harmless and can be an official to public office.
Creation background
In the third year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong (1080), Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou because of Wutai Poetry Case, and served as the deputy envoy of Yong Lian for five years. Su Shi first lived in Dinghuiyuan, Huangzhou, and later moved to Lingaoge, but he was also content to be demoted to a retreat, eating vegetables with monks, bathing in village temples in his spare time, fishing and collecting herbs in valleys and enjoying himself. Sometimes with a leaf boat, set on the river, cruising between mountains and rivers, mixed with fishing fire and firewood, often pushed down by drunken drunkards, and even scolded, but enjoying themselves, gradually unknown. Su Shi's life in Huangzhou is probably most proud of getting along with Chaoyun, Dongpo's concubine, who came back in September in the seventh year of Xining (1074) and won Dongpo's favor. In the sixth year of Yuanfeng (1083), on September 27th, Chao Yun gave birth to a son, nicknamed Gan Er, who was brilliant. Su Shi happily wrote the poem "Washing Children's Play".
works appreciation
On the surface, this poem is about children's education. It seems absurd, but it is ironic, because in Su Shi's view, officials and prime ministers at that time were people who only protected power and had no ability to govern the country. "The Legend of the Immortals in Dongdu": "Yuanfeng was ugly in summer and April in five years, and he was more bureaucratic. Wang Jue is a left servant and assistant minister, Cai is a right servant and assistant minister of Zhongshu, Zhang Dun is assistant minister of Zhongshu, Zhang Xuan is assistant minister of Zhongshu, and Pu Zongmeng is assistant minister. " It can be seen that the ministers in charge of slaughter in Yuanfeng period were all mediocre people, and Dongpo inevitably made a voice of injustice. Lin Yutang's biography of Su Dongpo said in the chapter "The Road to Self-Retreat": "The political rules of the East and the West are exactly the same, and those who reach the top must be mediocre." Exactly. Because you are a big official, you'd better not take any responsibility, you don't have to be sure about things, you shouldn't be negative and vague, and your words contain gangsters, which is unfavorable. Be especially careful when you are an official, don't offend people casually, and give others more small favors. However, Su Dongpo is not such a person. He couldn't abide by the rules of the success of big officials, so he was ruthlessly hit and displaced. That's why he spoke out the grievance of "I only wish my children were stupid and honest, and there was no disaster and no difficulty in reaching the official."
In addition, Su Dongpo, a man of great talent and virtue, is knowledgeable and can't help but know that there was a precedent of playing dumb and protecting his body in history: in the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a doctor named Ning Wuzi, who experienced the changes of two generations of countries, from Wei Wengong to Wei Chenggong, and became a veteran of the two dynasties without any difficulty. Confucius once told a story: "Ningwu Zibang knows that it has a way, and it is stupid without a way." Understandable, but stupid. "It means:" Ning my son, when the country is the way; When the country has no choice, he will play dumb. His cleverness can be achieved by others, but his stupidity cannot be achieved by others. "Su Dongpo wants his son to be stupid, which is a life strategy designed for his son, that is, to learn from Ning Wuzi's stupidity, that is, Lao Tzu's' still waters run deep'. This is difficult for ordinary people to do. Su Dongpo knew that he was easy to become the target of public criticism because he was too prominent, so he asked his son to hide his sharpness and learn to play dumb.
Su Shi is a great writer with excellent poetry and prose, and his works pay attention to concise words and meanings, so is this poem. A word "hope" wrote down everyone's expectations for children; A word "wrong" tells the story of a person's life. After several twists and turns in the poem, the feelings are all in it: the world wants children to be smart, but I want children to be stupid and turn around; Smart people should have been smooth sailing, but I missed my life because I was smart, and so was the second turning point; A fool should do nothing, but he can "gain many people without disaster". Su Shi's complaints are all in these turning points.
Famous comments
A survey of Supplement to Dongpo's Chronological Poems shows that the poem has the meaning of playing with the world and illness.
Ji Yun's Poems of Su Wenzhong in Qing Dynasty Volume 22: How can this be collected?
Modern nan huaijin's The Analects of Confucius: It is ridiculous to see Su Dongpo's point of view from this poem. Look at his first two sentences. Not only he has this feeling, but everyone has this feeling; The third sentence is also quite good; The fourth shortcoming is that he is too clever. How can this happen in the world? Giving birth to a son is stupid and stupid, like a pig, and he has no disaster in his life and has risen to a senior official all the way. This abacus is too wishful thinking. Is this "outsmarting me"? Or "I was wrong and smart"? From the perspective of philosophy of life, if you are Su Dongpo's teacher, the first three sentences of this poem can be circled, and the last sentence not only has three forks, but also asks Su Dongpo to hit him in the face and scold him: "You are so smart! Why not miss yourself? "
Brief introduction of the author
Su Shi (1037 ~1101) was a writer and painter in the Song Dynasty. The word Zizhan, also known as He Zhong, is called Dongpo lay man. Son of Su Xun. Jiayou Jinshi is knowledgeable and likes to reward backward people. Together with his father Su Xun and his brother Su Zhe, he was called "Su San". His prose is arbitrary, and he is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". His poems have a wide range of themes, are fresh and healthy, are good at using exaggerated metaphors and have a unique style. Also known as "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. Bold words, and Xin Qiji called "Su Xin". He is also engaged in painting and calligraphy. There are Seven Chapters of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Shu Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu and so on.