Requirements of the Outline: The Chinese Teaching Outline for Nine-year Compulsory Education Full-time Junior High School (revised version for trial implementation) puts forward such a requirement for reading ability: "Learn to appreciate literary works, feel the image in works and appreciate beautiful and wonderful language".
1, the position, characteristics and functions of teaching materials.
This article is compiled in the fifth unit of the first volume of the eighth grade of junior high school Chinese People's Education Edition. This unit is an ancient poetry unit, and Peach Blossom Garden is the first unit to teach reading. The poet "takes literature as a word" and fictionalizes a beautiful ideal realm in The Peach Blossom Spring, which is more beautiful and ideal than the pastoral life described by the author in the pastoral poem "Returning to the Garden". The poet painted us a paradise on earth-Xanadu with exquisite pen and ink. Therefore, The Story of Peach Blossom Garden has more literary appreciation, which plays an important role in improving students' cultural taste and cultivating the aesthetic taste of classical Chinese.
2. Emphasis and difficulty of teaching
Due to the limited knowledge accumulation of junior two students, the ability of thinking in images is still dominant, and the ability of abstract thinking is not very strong, so it is difficult for students to correctly evaluate the author's ideal. Therefore, according to the requirements of the syllabus and the characteristics of teaching materials, combined with the actual situation of students, the teaching priorities and difficulties of Peach Blossom Garden can be determined as follows:
(1) Teaching focus: Feel the beauty of the Peach Blossom Garden, taste the beautiful language, and understand the beautiful ideals expressed by the author.
(2) Teaching difficulties: understanding and evaluating the author's ideal society.
3. Teaching objectives
According to the requirements of "Chinese Teaching Syllabus for Junior Middle Schools in Compulsory Education", students should be trained to "have a certain sense of language" and "initially have the ability to appreciate literary works". In addition, the students in Grade Two have already acquired a certain reading ability in classical Chinese. This passage is easy to understand, and the meaning of the text is relatively simple and easy to understand. With the help of after-class notes and reference books, you can understand the meaning of the text. This article has its own characteristics: first of all, it has a strong story and is quite legendary. Secondly, the author uses fictional stories to express his social ideals, and the full text is shrouded in mysterious fiction. Finally, the language of the article is beautiful and meaningful, catchy and worth tasting. So when I was dealing with the teaching materials, I positioned it as "the education of beauty in American literature" and set the goals of this article as the following:
Learning objectives: read the text well, accumulate vocabulary in classical Chinese and understand the content of the article. This is based on the instrumental characteristics of Chinese curriculum. )
Ability goal: taste the beautiful and refined language of this article. (accumulate migration, cultivate imagination and innovation ability. )
The goal of moral education: to know the social ideal expressed by the author by describing "Xanadu". Correctly evaluating the author's ideal and thinking about modern life embodies the humanistic characteristics of Chinese curriculum. )
4. Preparation before the lecture
Students: ① preview before class, dredge the meaning of the text by yourself according to notes and reference books, and outline the difficulties. ② Find the author information.
Teacher (me): Prepare multimedia courseware.
Two. Process analysis (combined with multimedia)
The guiding ideology of this lesson is that teachers, as enlighteners and encouragers, create situations through imagination to guide students to actively participate in learning, absorb knowledge and cultivate their abilities. The whole teaching process focuses on reading aloud, taking the' beauty' of Taoyuan as the main line, and cultivating students' imagination, appreciation and innovation as the core to teach American literature and beauty. My basic teaching process is as follows:
Teacher's Guidance: Reading Perception-Step by Step Reading-Accumulation and Migration
Students' Learning: Feeling Beauty-Appreciating Beauty-Creating Beauty
The specific operation is as follows:
1. Introduce new courses to stimulate interest.
Curiosity is the starting point of imagination. In this session, I will first tell the story of Peach Blossom Garden, create emotional situations and bring students into a magical world.
Design intention: Grasp students' curiosity, stimulate their interest in learning, and let them actively participate in the study of this class.
2, repeated reading, overall perception
From the psychological process of cognition, this link is the stage of students' perceptual cognition and the basis of students' imagination. The design allows students to clear the obstacles of words through repeated reading, gain a sense of language and accumulate perceptual materials. The specific steps are as follows:
① Students listen to music recitation as a demonstration guide to let them enter the situation;
Students can read freely, by themselves, loudly, silently and even sing. This is to respect students' individual cognitive personality and guide them to be willing to read. At this time, I will use slides to project some words that are easy to mispronounce (such as architecture, language cloud, county, concept, horse, city people) for students' reference.
Evaluate each other in groups to see who reads most clearly and fluently. Find the gap through discussion and comparison of advantages and disadvantages, stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, and thus have a strong interest in reading aloud.
After reading, ask the students to write a sentence to express their feelings about the text, and communicate with the students in this group to see who writes the most succinctly.
Design intention: let students perceive the text as a whole.
Step by step, you can understand and appreciate the exquisite artistic conception of the article.
This part is the focus of teaching. I will make full use of the imaginative characteristics of middle school students, guide them to read the text carefully, carefully ponder the images expressed in the text, and cultivate their imagination and innovation ability by imagining the natural beauty and social beauty of Taoyuan.
Let the students read the text carefully, appreciate the beauty of Taoyuan, and guide them to think from the three pictures I choose or the pictures I choose.
Select three pictures, namely "Taoyuan Beauty", "Taoyuan Music" and "Taoyuan Wonderland", and use three sentence patterns, namely "Here is the beauty, look …" and "Taoyuan Wonderland, beyond expectation …", to taste the beauty of language and life in Taoyuan.
Design intention: This link focuses on guiding students to carry out aesthetic analysis training with certain gradient on text plot, text structure, text emotion and text language. Give students with average ability a direction to think, and give students with better ability a broader space to think. Let the students understand that the beauty of Taoyuan lies in nature and human feelings. The beauty of the article lies in its concise narrative, tortuous plot and elegant language.
4. Questioning and commenting on Taoyuan Complex.
This part is the difficulty of the full text, and it is also worth discussing. I will make full use of the reading expectation formed by the previous teaching links, encourage students to read creatively and critically from multiple angles, expand their thinking space and improve their reading quality.
Creative question: What kind of social ideal did Tao Yuanming pin in this article? Can this ideal become a reality under the conditions at that time? How should we view such an ideal today?
In this session, I ask students to discuss in groups.
Design intention: This link focuses on independent cooperation and inquiry learning. In addition, it is also the communication between Chinese courses and history courses, and the combination of in-class and out-of-class courses.
Third, the analysis of teaching methods
1. Read aloud: As the saying goes, "Read it a hundred times, and its meaning will show itself." Reading aloud is an effective way for students to experience the beauty of emotion and rhythm, gain a sense of language and improve their reading ability. It has many functions, such as arousing images, expressing emotions, strengthening understanding and training thinking. Peach Blossom Garden is a beautiful article. Only when students are familiar with it can they gain a sense of language, and on this basis, they can understand the content of the article and feel the beautiful artistic conception.
2. Imagination: Einstein once said: "Imagination is more important than knowledge, because knowledge is limited, and imagination summarizes everything in the world and is the source of knowledge evolution." This shows the importance of imagination to human development. This paper is a legendary fictional story, which guides students to exert their reasonable imagination, understand the author's intention and evaluate the Taohuayuan society.
3. Independent cooperative inquiry method: The new Chinese curriculum concept requires that Chinese teaching should stimulate students' interest in learning, pay attention to cultivating students' awareness and habits of independent learning, respect students' individual differences and different learning needs, care for students' curiosity and thirst for knowledge, fully stimulate students' initiative and enterprising spirit, and advocate independent, cooperative and inquiry learning methods. Many questions in this article, such as whether "Taoyuan" exists? How to evaluate Xanadu? These problems need independent thinking, discussion and exploration to complete. Through discussion and inquiry, students can give full play to their main role and enliven the classroom.
4. Multimedia teaching method: intuitive, easy to stimulate students' interest and attract attention.
Fourth, evaluation and analysis.
1, summary
Through the previous study, students' understanding of the article has changed from the initial perceptual image to rational understanding. At this time, I will let the students spontaneously summarize the gains of this class, and let the students talk about the feelings of learning this class, as well as the learning methods and so on. Then I will make appropriate supplements and affirmations.
Design intention: Let students have a systematic and complete impression on the study of this article, and make the design of the next link in time according to students' feedback.
2, homework layout
According to the last induction and summary, I know that students still have problems when learning this article. For example, the reading and interpretation of some classical Chinese words are not very accurate, and there are still some doubts about some sentence patterns in the text, and the language generalization ability is not strong. To this end, I designed two steps:
(1) Class assignment: The whole class will finish the discussion and exercises behind the text together.
This step is to let students review this article systematically and strengthen and consolidate what they have learned.
(2) Homework after class: Please write a short essay on the topic of "Peach Blossom Garden in My Mind".
Extend students' feelings about the beautiful scenery of Taoyuan to extracurricular activities, broaden their horizons and exercise students' language expression ability.