1. Definition: Fundamentalism refers to the idea that Protestantism opposes the religious reform and returns to traditional teachings after the religious reform; Modernism refers to an idea under the influence of the Enlightenment, which advocates understanding and transforming the world by scientific methods.
2. Emphasis: fundamentalism focuses on restoring doctrines and opposing religious reform; Modernism pays attention to understanding the world with scientific methods and opposes absolutism in the Enlightenment.
3. Attitude towards religion: Fundamentalism usually emphasizes the authority and sanctity of religion and holds that religion is the basis of social order; Modernism pays more attention to the inclusiveness and diversity of religions and respects different beliefs and cultures.