First, the meaning and present situation of intergenerational education
1. What is intergenerational education?
Generation-separated education, also known as "grandparents' education", means that young parents, because of busy work or going out to work, or because of divorce, put all the responsibility for their children's education and life on their grandparents, and they consciously become "modern parents" who take care of the third generation in an all-round way.
2. Present situation of intergenerational education
We have entered an era of intergenerational education. A nationwide survey on "intergenerational education" shows that nearly half of the children in China receive intergenerational education, and more than 90% are in rural areas. This large proportion of intergenerational education has much to do with China's specific national conditions.
First of all, the pace of modern life is fast, the work pressure is high, and the competition is becoming more and more fierce. Young people shoulder the dual pressure of marriage and entrepreneurship. Most young parents travel abroad. Generally, they lack time and energy to carry out parenting education and have to leave their children with their parents. This is the main reason for the increasing phenomenon of intergenerational education.
Secondly, China has entered an aging society. A large number of elderly people retire or stay at home at leisure. They have enough time and energy to take care of their grandchildren, and the love of grandparents for their grandchildren is irreplaceable by any child care institution or nanny. Generation-separated education immediately became a family education method that reassured young parents.
Second, the generation of education problems and analysis
Generation-separated education relieves the worries of young parents, makes them devote themselves to their careers and work, and at the same time relieves the loneliness of the elderly, which is of great benefit to the elderly to maintain a healthy mentality. However, due to the physiological and psychological characteristics of their ancestors, their values, lifestyles, knowledge structure and educational methods are more or less different from those of modern society, which has become an important obstacle to the healthy development of education.
1. Poor supervision and care are prone to safety accidents and criminal incidents.
Children are taken care of by grandparents, and the older generation who take care of children are mostly elderly grandparents, most of whom are inconvenient to move and slow to reflect. The children entrusted to their care are in the golden age of growth and development, lively and playful, forming a sharp contrast. This will inevitably lead to frequent accidents of all kinds of children.
Data show that more than 60% of juvenile delinquency in China is related to the improper upbringing of the next generation of grandchildren by the elderly. At the same time, due to the lack of effective supervision, many children are easily deceived by others, such as being sexually assaulted, beaten and cheated. , causing psychological shadow, which is not conducive to the healthy growth of body and mind.
2. The content of education is outdated, and it is difficult to adapt to the development of the times and the needs of children's growth.
Due to the different times of the older generation, their general knowledge level is low, and they are not qualified for the education of their children, especially in rural areas. According to the survey, more than 75% of the elderly in rural areas are illiterate or semi-illiterate. Because of low cultural quality and shallow knowledge, it is not suitable for children's education level in modern society.
3. Improper educational methods affect children's good behavior habits and sound personality formation.
When people are old, they often love their grandchildren too much and care too much about everything. Excessive indulgence and accommodation can easily make children feel self-centered and form some bad characters and habits such as willfulness, selfishness, self-interest and even doing whatever they want. Overprotection inhibits the development of children's independence and self-confidence, enhances children's dependence, and easily makes children more delicate and have low self-care ability. Improper education methods for the elderly make children miss the opportunity to form excellent qualities such as love of labor and humility.
Like the recently widely discussed "Li Tianyi case", it sounded the alarm of family education. Zhang Wenzhi, a well-known domestic education expert and author of the best-selling book "Children are Parents' Occupation", believes that the lack of parental education in children's growth period leads to the most problems.
4. Backward educational ideas hinder children's personality development and innovation potential.
Many old people's educational concepts are traditional, backward and conservative, which can't keep up with the pace of social development and concept renewal, and they are not good at guiding children in a scientific and creative way. All adventurous and innovative exploration behaviors, such as children's dismantling behavior and trying behavior, are often prevented in order to achieve stability and peace. This backward educational model will lead to children's lack of awareness of creative thinking and divergent thinking.
5. Conflicts in educational concepts can easily lead to estrangement between parents and children and family conflicts.
Children who have lived with grandparents since childhood are used to accepting their protection and accommodation, and may develop some behavior habits that their parents don't like. When parents take over their children within a certain period of time, they may be eager to reverse these so-called problem behaviors of their children, and it is very easy for parents and children to have opposition. Therefore, parents often blame their ancestors for this problem and point the finger at them, thus causing family conflicts between grandparents and parents, such as quarrels, factionalism and opposition, all because of children's education problems. So that there is no affection between grandparents and grandchildren, let alone family harmony.
Third, measures and countermeasures to deal with intergenerational education
In the face of some problems existing in the current intergenerational education, the author believes that efforts should be made in the following aspects:
1. Parents and grandparents of children should cooperate with each other to create a good tutoring environment.
Two generations often have different understandings of educating children. For example, the younger generation pays more attention to children's intellectual cultivation and personality development, while grandparents pay attention to moral and hard-working spirit education, which requires two generations to communicate with each other, unify their understanding and choose good teaching.
Young parents must take time out of their busy schedules to communicate with their children and the elderly, and never give up their duties. At the same time, we should respect the elderly, chat with them often, talk about the new experience of scientific parenting, accept their suggestions with an open mind, buy some scientific books to exchange experiences with them, help them accept new things, pay attention to simplifying the language as much as possible when communicating, change their language expressions and habits in time, express them in a way that the other party can understand, and minimize communication obstacles as much as possible.
Old people should also actively create opportunities for their children to have more contact with their parents, dredge their feelings and be the lubricant of parent-child love. Only when the two generations have a unified understanding, clear goals and keep pace, and jointly create a harmonious and warm family atmosphere conducive to family education, children's education will be successful and children will move from a happy family to a colorful world. 2. Grandparents should improve their own quality and educate their children in a rational way.
Family education is a science. A survey conducted by Wang Jisheng, a doctoral supervisor at the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, among tens of thousands of people shows that more than 95% of parents in China have not specially studied how to educate their children, and the proportion of parents in each generation is close to 100%, which is a big misunderstanding. The pressure of modern society is increasing, and people's mental health level is declining. In order to better educate the next generation, grandparents should be willing and good at absorbing new knowledge and new ideas, especially learning more scientific knowledge about educating children and educating them with modern family education concepts and methods. Be kind and tolerant to children, but don't indulge or spoil them. Be good at guiding education, carefully observe children's physical and mental changes, and communicate with parents in time. Be careful not to influence children with old habits and bad morals. Because childhood is a crucial period for children to form various habits, as the saying goes: three years old means old, and seven years old means old, and many habits formed since childhood are difficult to change when they grow up.
3. Government departments should formulate reasonable policies and create a macro environment conducive to intergenerational education.
For the national government, we should consider formulating reasonable policies to promote the education of children of migrant workers. Reduce discrimination against migrant workers' children to go to school, so that children whose parents go out to work can also go to school with their parents. For example, many cities now have schools for the children of migrant workers, which undoubtedly plays a very good role in promoting the solution of intergenerational education problems. At the same time, local governments at all levels should speed up the pace of economic development, expand investment, promote local economic development, effectively realize local employment of labor force, and let more children return to their parents and receive parental education.
4. Relevant departments should pay attention to mutual communication and form a joint force of intergenerational education.
Women's federations, education departments, the Communist Youth League, working committees and other relevant departments, kindergartens, schools and other units should attach importance to intergenerational education, change educational concepts, assume educational responsibilities, and organize various forms of grandparents' schools. Through the study of parents' school, we can change the educational concepts and methods of grandparents and introduce them to scientific parenting knowledge. We can invite some experienced old professors and experts to give lectures, publicize their scientific and advanced family education concepts, help them solve their puzzles in family education, and enhance their understanding and improvement of intergenerational education. You can also invite temporary guardians such as grandpa, grandma, grandma and grandpa to take the stage to introduce and exchange some good experiences and methods of intergenerational education. You can also carry out consulting activities in the form of setting up an "intergenerational education consulting station" to solve educational problems for intergenerational education families at any time.
5. Public opinion should strengthen guidance and promotion to form a good public opinion environment in which the whole society attaches importance to intergenerational education.
Write and publish more books about grandparents' parents, and increase radio and television programs for intergenerational education to meet the actual needs of grandparents' parents. Gradually establish a guidance network for intergenerational education, publicize and build a good parenting education and intergenerational education model.
The quality of education is related to the national quality. With the strategy of strengthening the country through talents being put forward, the scientific cultivation, development and utilization of talents is a major event that determines the rise and fall of the country and the survival of the nation, and it is also an important issue that cannot be ignored in the tide of economic development. For the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the realization of the Chinese dream, it has become an urgent and important mission to solve the problem of "intergenerational education" for children. We should create a harmonious and warm family education environment and work hard for the healthy and happy growth of the next generation! Let intergenerational education walk out of China characteristics!