1. Economy: There are great differences between developed and developing countries in per capita GNP, living standards, productivity, import and export commodities and foreign trade volume.
2. Education: Developed countries have reached the international advanced level in national education and international education, while the education in developing countries is still relatively backward, with a big gap.
3. Social security: The social security system in developed countries is relatively complete, the pension and medical insurance for employees are generally solved, and trade union organizations in developed countries play an active role. The coverage of social insurance mechanism in developing countries is too narrow. Some laid-off workers in cities and towns and surplus agricultural labor are still excluded from the social security mechanism, and there are a large number of low-income people.
Basic characteristics of developing countries
1, the living standard is low. In developing countries, the living standard of most people is very low. The low standard of living is manifested in the following aspects.
2. Low productivity. Due to the limitation of human resources quality, capital stock, technology and management level, the productivity level of developing countries is relatively low. In 2002, the labor productivity of developing countries was only 1/23 of that of developed countries.
3. Rapid population growth and heavy support burden. The birth rate in developing countries is generally much higher than that in developed countries. At the same time, due to the improvement of sanitary conditions and the control of infectious diseases, the difference in mortality between the two countries is much smaller, which has caused the rapid population growth in developing countries.
4. High unemployment rate and low employment rate. A considerable part of the labor force in developing countries is not used. There are two forms of labor underutilization.
5. Heavy dependence on agricultural production. From the perspective of production structure, the proportion of agriculture in GDP in low-income countries (except China and India) is much higher than that in developed countries; From the employment structure, the proportion of agricultural labor force in developing countries is as high as 50% ~ 70%; Judging from the level of urbanization, the proportion of urban population in low-income countries is much lower than that in high-income countries and regions.
The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Developing Countries.