I. Personal resume

1930, graduated from Southwest Normal University of Texas.

In the parliamentary by-election from 65438 to 0937, he was elected as a member of the House of Representatives and served as a member of the Naval Committee of the House of Representatives.

194 1 to 1942 served in the navy.

1948 was elected senator.

195 1 year. After only three years in the Senate, he became the leader of the Democratic Party.

Since 1953, he has served as the majority leader of the Democratic Party in the Senate, and concurrently held important positions such as the Senate Armed Services Committee, the Finance Committee and the Appropriations Committee.

1956 failed to win the democratic presidential nomination.

1960, Johnson failed to win the democratic presidential nomination, so he accepted Kennedy's proposal to nominate him as vice president.

1963165438+1On October 22nd, President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. Immediately, Vice President Johnson was sworn in as the 36th president of the United States in the cabin of Air Force One presidential plane at Dallas Airport.

After succeeding the president, Johnson was officially elected president on 1964.

1969 65438+ 10 retired.

1973 65438+1On October 22nd, he died of myocardial infarction at the ranch in Texas after only four years as former president of the United States, at the age of 64.

1980 was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. He is the author of the memoir Vision.

Second, the main achievements

In internal affairs, President Johnson put forward the policy program of "Great Society". He spared no effort to promote various welfare bills, civil rights bills, poverty eradication bills and tax cuts. His famous slogan "War on Poverty" led the whole country to consider the thorny issues of hunger and scarcity when living a rich life, and won the support of the people.

But in diplomacy, he pursued the policies formulated by his predecessor, which led to the escalation of the Vietnam War. Due to the heavy casualties of American troops in the Vietnam War, his policies were widely opposed at home and abroad, which set off waves of anti-Vietnam War in the United States, coupled with various social movements, which ruined his good political future. 1969 announced before the presidential election that he would not stand for election and fully supported the re-election of the vice president.

Third, interpret the main policies.

Johnson's successive Democratic presidents have put forward administrative slogans to inspire people. For example, Roosevelt put forward the "New Deal", Truman put forward the "fair governance" and Kennedy put forward the "new frontier". After Johnson succeeded as president, he finally put forward the "Great Society" plan in a speech at the University of Michigan on May 22nd, 1964.

In June, 1965, 1, Johnson presented a series of speeches and special reports to enrich and concretize the contents of this plan. This huge social plan covers everything, mainly including:

(1) In view of urban pollution and increasing population, urban planning, construction and beautification should be carried out to create a beautiful environment.

(2) Eliminate poverty and increase employment opportunities. Social insurance and relief help "low-income families who cannot meet their basic needs".

(3) Because education is the main factor leading to a "great society", it is necessary to build new school buildings for primary and secondary schools, expand the ranks of teachers, raise teachers' salaries, pay attention to expanding and strengthening higher education and subsidize adult education.

(4) Regarding the construction and beautification of rural areas, developing low-lying areas and building expressways: for irrigation and other purposes, using cheap methods to desalinate seawater; Pay attention to solving rural problems and plan rural towns, villages and farms.

Johnson is ambitious, so he signed a series of bills. After Johnson's re-election, he increased the funding for the "Great Society" program, such as health, education and development in poverty-stricken areas, from $86,543.8 billion in fiscal year11400 million. Therefore, during Johnson's administration, more poor people received social assistance and the unemployment rate decreased.

But part of the "Great Society" plan is to shout slogans and make too high a commitment to voters, which is doomed to be hopeless. After Johnson came to power, he expanded the war of aggression against Vietnam. In order to support the huge military expenditure, he had to increase taxes. 1In August 1967, he submitted a special budget address to the National Assembly, demanding an increase of 10% in personal and corporate income tax. The war of aggression against Vietnam caused domestic hyperinflation and increased people's economic burden; Young people are unwilling to go to Vietnam as cannon fodder, and they have evaded military service; Black people are discriminated against, living in poverty and still at the bottom of society. Therefore, during Johnson's term of office, the workers' movement, the anti-war movement and the black movement came one after another, wave after wave. The poor performance of the Johnson administration in dealing with this issue has led to a decline in its prestige.