1840 After the Opium War broke out, China gradually became a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society, with increasingly serious internal and external troubles. Especially after 1894+65438 Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1894, western powers scrambled to divide their spheres of influence in China, plundering land, and the fate of the country and the nation came to a critical juncture. At this time, some advanced intellectuals issued the voice of "saving the country through industry" and "saving the country through education", and they began to set up industries and advocate and create new education. In this historical trend, the enlightened and progressive gentry in Nantong, represented by Zhang Jian, a famous industrialist and educator in modern times, and his younger brothers Zhang, Liang, Shen Shusheng, clearly realized that China's "the only way to live is industry and education" and "industry and education are the foundation of prosperity", so they advocated merger in Nantong in the first two or three decades of the twentieth century. They were the first people to establish normal education, because they deeply realized that "they don't want teachers, but want to educate and popularize the people without guidance." Therefore, the establishment of education must start from the primary school, especially from the normal school. "Normal school is the mother of education". First, Nantong Normal School
In the 28th year of Guangxu (1902), in the first month, Zhang Jian proposed to Liu Kunyi, the governor of the two rivers in Qing Dynasty, to set up a public normal school in Nantong. However, his proposal was blocked and opposed by some bureaucrats, so he called Fan Dang to discuss with the local gentry in Sha and decided to run a normal school by himself. In March, Zhang Jian took out the reward due for running Sheng Da cotton mill as the school building fund to build a school building on the abandoned site of Qianfo Temple in the southeast of Tongzhou (now Nantong). In May, Liu Kunyi officially approved the school's "permission to file a case". The original name of the school was "Tongzhou CoCo Lee Normal School", and Zhang Jian personally served as the prime minister (called the principal after the Republic of China).
Tongzhou CoCo Lee Normal School is the first independent normal school in China. It, Nanyang Normal University and Shi Jing University Hall are recognized as the three sources of normal education in China, so it plays an important role in the modern history of education in China.
In the 29th year of Guangxu (1April 27th, 903), the school officially opened. On the same day, Zhang Jian revealed the "opening speech of the Prime Minister" at school. Later, he took "hard work, self-reliance, loyalty and no deceit" as his school motto, and asked normal students to learn to be "teachers" and "teachers".
When the school was founded, the school occupied an area of 4 1 mu, with more than 500 school buildings. Teachers have four-year undergraduate courses, two-year simple courses and one-year lecture courses to train teachers at different levels to meet the needs of local education development. At the same time, in order to cultivate all kinds of local construction talents, the school has attached surveying and mapping, agricultural science, civil engineering and sericulture, which laid the foundation for the development of local vocational and technical education in Nantong. The school hired eight Japanese teachers and first-class teachers represented by Wang Guowei, a master of Chinese studies, Chen Shiceng, a master of painting, and Jiang Qian, an educator. In order to assist the teaching of various subjects and cooperate with students in learning knowledge, the school built an affiliated museum in 1905 for the teaching of natural history, history and physics and chemistry, and a primary school in 1906 for normal students to carry out educational practice.
Founded in the Republic of China 19 12, Jiangsu Provincial Department changed it to "Jiangsu Substitute Normal School" (that is, it was replaced by a provincial normal school) because of its "first in the country" and "large scale and outstanding achievements". 192 1 was renamed as "the first generation normal school in Jiangsu province". During this period, due to the financial support of Jiangsu Province, the scale of running a school has further developed, and the number of students in the school has increased from dozens to four or five hundred. 1922, in order to study and test rural education, the school established the attached Kenmu Township High School (the second attached primary school) in Nantong County. 1August, 923, according to the "Ren Xu academic system", the normal department was changed to the high school normal department and junior high school.
1927, Nanjing national government tried out the "university district system" in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, canceled the "substitution" and stipulated that normal universities should not be established separately. The school resumed private operation and changed its name to "Private Zhangjian Middle School" to recruit junior high school and senior high school normal students. At the same time, the school board was organized and decided to run a school. 1929 was renamed as "Private Tongzhou Normal School".
After the full-scale outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, in March 1938, the Japanese invaders landed in Nantong and the school was destroyed. In order to safeguard national unity and the lifeline of education, teachers and students moved to the second primary school attached to the southeast coast to run schools behind enemy lines, and moved back to Nantong city on 1946. This period was called "Overseas Chinese School". 1945 After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, with the support of Mr. Zhang Jizhi's Rehabilitation Committee and Sheng Da Cotton Mill, the school rebuilt the old school site trampled and destroyed by the Japanese invaders, and completed the reconstruction of the school.
1February, 949, Nantong City was liberated. Since then, the school has been reborn, and the scale and level of running a school have made a qualitative leap. 1952 the school was changed to a public school. As one of the key schools in Jiangsu Province, it is committed to the development of normal education. Junior high school was merged into Shangyi Middle School in Nantong (now Qixiu Middle School in Nantong), and the school name was changed to "Nantong Normal School in Northern Jiangsu". 1953 Jiangsu province was established, so it was renamed "Nantong Normal School, Jiangsu Province". 1958, merged with Nantong Women's Normal School. In order to adapt to the new situation of education development, the school has added simple normal, primary normal, kindergarten normal and music and sports majors.
During the Cultural Revolution ten years after 1966, the normal education of schools was destroyed, leaders and teachers were persecuted, and school buildings were occupied. The name of the school was once changed to "Nantong Normal University", and once only junior high schools, senior high schools and classes for workers, peasants and soldiers were run.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the school entered the golden age of school development, especially in the 1980s and 1990s. Adhering to the pioneering spirit of "Dare to be the first, dare to be the first in the world", the school actively explores a modern teacher education model suitable for China's national conditions and becomes the forerunner of education and teaching reform in secondary normal schools in China. From 65438 to 0984, with the approval of the people's government of Jiangsu Province, Nantong Normal School took the lead in establishing a five-year normal education in China to train primary school teachers with junior college education, and created a number of "firsts" in the field of secondary normal education in terms of academic system reform, discipline construction and curriculum construction. Its reform results provide a successful example for the reform of the education system of secondary normal schools in China and make a certain contribution to enriching the reform of normal education. The school's reform practice and experience have been warmly concerned and highly praised by relevant parties. People's Daily, Guangming Daily and China Education News reported the reform achievements of the school many times. 1986, as a typical secondary education in China, was shown at the 40th International Education Conference. 1988 was commended by the State Education Commission for the first time in June, and has been a "civilized unit in Jiangsu Province" since 199 1. In addition, it was awarded the honorary titles of "National Advanced Collective in Language and Writing Work", "Jiangsu Advanced Collective in Education and Scientific Research", "Jiangsu Advanced Collective in Moral Education" and "Jiangsu Science and Technology Characteristic School". 1In the spring of 1995, Vice Premier Li Lanqing visited our school. After reading the report on the professional ability of five-year normal students, he was very happy to make an impromptu speech, praising students' "happy afterlife" and hoping that Nantong Normal University would train more and better excellent teachers to meet the needs of quality education.
Second, Nantong Women's Normal School
In December of the 31st year of Guangxu (1905), based on the understanding that "women's education is indispensable, especially a mother with a national education", Zhang Jian privately donated money to buy Chen's old house east of Nantong, and Zhang Jian raised funds with local gentry to jointly establish Tongzhou public girls' school. The school takes Zhang Yan as the prime minister, Zhang Jian as the teaching assistant, and employs Fan Yaoyunsu, a famous modern poetess, as the principal. In the thirty-second year of Guangxu (1906), in March, the school printed and published, and enrolled students. 1 1 month, the school was changed to "Tongzhou public women's normal school", with a four-year undergraduate course and junior high school.
Tongzhou Public Girls' School and Normal School were one of the earliest girls' schools founded by China people in the modern history of education. However, before 1907, the Qing Dynasty promulgated the Regulations on Setting Girls' Schools, it was explicitly forbidden for the public to set up girls' schools. Therefore, the establishment of Tongzhou public girls' schools and normal schools can be said to be a precedent.
In February of Guangxu's thirty-third year (1907), due to the increase in the number of students and the shortage of school buildings, Zhang Qian raised funds to buy a new school building in the former site of Zhu Mei Garden in the north of Nantong, and moved in in February of Xuantong's second year (19 10).
After the founding of the Republic of China, Tongzhou was changed to Nantong County in May 19 12, and in October 165438 10, the county council decided to change the school to a county-level school. In addition to the original recurrent expenses, other expenses were allocated from the education funds of Nantong county government, so it was renamed "Nantong County Women's Normal School". 19 13 In August, Zhang Jian set up a workshop for women workers in the school, and hired Shen Shou, a modern embroidery master, as the director to train a group of embroidery talents and promote Chinese embroidery art191410, Mrs. JASON ZHANG. 1920 In May, due to the expansion of the affiliated primary school, Zhang Jian and Zhang Jian invested in the construction of a school building in Jiaba, the southern section of Nantong. 192 1 February, the normal department moved in, and the Zhumeiyuan school building was used by the affiliated primary school. 1August, 923, according to the "Ren Xu academic system", the normal department was changed to the high school normal department and junior high school. 1July, 924, with the consent of Nantong Education Bureau, Beitushan Primary School was designated as an affiliated primary school branch for normal graduates to engage in rural education practice. 1926 In April, to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the founding of the school, alumni donated money to establish a memorial primary school next to Duanjiaba school site as a gift to their alma mater. The school imitates the style of rural primary schools in the United States, focusing on single-level teaching in primary schools, so that normal students who participate in internship can adapt to the needs of rural teaching after graduation.
1938 after the Japanese army occupied Nantong city, the school insisted on running schools behind enemy lines and moved to Shanghai Jinsha, Rudong Fengli and Si 'an counties. 1943 in may, the school was evacuated and closed due to the Japanese invaders' sweeping of the countryside. At the same time, after May of 1942, Nantong Women's Normal School was established in Zhumeiyuan Campus under the Japanese and Puppet occupation, in order to solve the problem of schooling for students who dropped out of school at home. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Nantong County Government took over and resumed the running of Nantong Women's Normal School.
1949 After the liberation of Nantong, 1953 School was renamed as "Nantong Women's Normal School in Northern Jiangsu" and "Nantong Women's Normal School in Jiangsu Province". In September, 1952, in order to meet the needs of primary school and kindergarten teachers, a crash course of teacher training and kindergarten teacher training was added. At the same time, junior high school merged with Nantong Chongying Middle School to form Nantong No.1 Junior High School (Nantong No.1 Middle School). 1958 merged with Nantong Normal School in Jiangsu Province in May, and the original primary school was changed to the second primary school attached to Nantong Normal School.
Third, Haimen Normal School
At the end of Qing Dynasty, Kang Liang reformed, abolished the imperial examination, promoted Westernization and set up schools. In order to popularize the "Guimao academic system" and adapt to the educational reform, local governments and enlightened gentry began to set up normal education and train teachers. In the thirty-second year of Guangxu (1906), Tongzhi (county magistrate) Liang of Haimen Zhili Hall held "County Normal School" in the inner hall of Dongwen Temple (Confucius Temple), which lasted for 8 months to 1 year. In the same year, Gu Zhongyi, a squire from Haimen, founded "CoCo Lee Normal School" in Dongchanggong, the county capital, and hired a new local person, Shen Shusheng, as the principal. The establishment of these two teacher training institutions has become the forerunner of teacher training in Haimen.
19 12 After the founding of the Republic of China, Mao Zuquan, a local celebrity and congressman, continued to hold a "teacher training workshop" in Confucius Temple. The following year, it was merged into the county seat and changed to "Class A and Class B Teacher Training Workshop in Haimen County", with a schooling period of 1 ~ 2 years. 19 17 The school was renamed as "Haimen County Single-level Normal School" to train compound teaching teachers to adapt to rural education. One year later, the school was closed and classes resumed at 1920. On 1922, the school was changed to "Haimen County Normal School" with a schooling of three years, and later changed to "Haimen County Rural Normal School" on 1930. Close again from 1934. In that stormy era, from the "County Teachers' College" to the "Rural Teachers' College", the school was closed many times. The actual running time is less than 28 years, but more than 600 teachers have been trained for Chongming, Haimen and Qidong. Under the leadership of China, many graduates took part in the revolution as early as the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, and made contributions to the establishment of new China and socialist construction.
1949 after the liberation of Haimen, the people's government took over the old school and abolished the old education system. In order to adapt to the rapid development of culture and education, in August of 195 1, the Nantong District Commissioner's Office was approved by the Subei Administrative Office, and a new normal school was formally established, named "Subei Haimen Primary Normal School", to undertake the task of training primary school teachers in five counties: Kaihai, Tongtong, Confucianism and Chongming. In the initial stage, the school trained more than 1 100 teachers for five counties. 1956 in may, the education department of Jiangsu province decided to upgrade the school from a primary normal school to a secondary normal school. In August, the school was renamed "Haimen Normal School", which enrolled junior high school graduates for three years. 1960 school was rated as an advanced unit in Jiangsu province. 1962 The national economy faced difficulties and the school was ordered to close.
1972, in order to solve the problem of teachers in local rural schools in Nantong, Nantong Revolutionary Committee decided to report to the Education Bureau of the Provincial Revolutionary Committee for approval and reopen Haimen Normal School, which belongs to Nantong. 1979 In May, the school was officially named "Haimen Normal School in Jiangsu Province", which is a provincial full-time secondary normal school. The school recruits junior high school graduates for 3 years. In addition to the normal majors, since September 1976, the school has added three majors: music, physical education and fine arts. Since September 1996, the school has tried out five-year junior college classes, and since June 1999, the five-year junior college education has been fully launched. In 2000, the school established an affiliated middle school named after Zhang Guanjin, the early founder of Haimen Normal School and the first branch secretary of Haimen in the Communist Party of China (CPC)-Nantong Guanjin Middle School. In 2003, the school opened a five-year non-normal higher vocational major, and in September, it enrolled the first batch of students in office automation, business English and decorative art design.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Haimen Normal School has sent a large number of basic education teachers to Chongming, Shazhou (now Zhangjiagang) and other places around Nantong, making great contributions to socialist construction and the development of education. The school has been rated as an advanced collective at county, city and provincial level for many times, and has become the cradle for cultivating gardeners in Jianghai area. The three normal universities have a long history and are full of fragrance. Over the past 100 years, the school has gone through the changes of the times, suffered several disasters, kept running schools and developed from generation to generation. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the school has entered the best period of development, making continuous progress in reform and making great progress in education, teaching and career scale. 100 years, the school has always adhered to the direction of normal education and constantly explored a modern teacher education model suitable for China's national conditions. Especially since 1980s, the school has adhered to comprehensive vocational quality education, and made due contributions to contemporary secondary normal education in China in terms of academic system reform, discipline construction and curriculum construction. Over the past 100 years, the school has formed a glorious revolutionary tradition and excellent school spirit and study style. The earliest * * * organization in Nantong and Haimen was born here, and the fire of revolution spread all over the earth from here.
In order to better carry forward the school's century-old fine tradition, actively respond to the new situation of the rapid development of teacher education in the 2 1 century, integrate superior resources and improve the level of running a school, in May 2005, with the approval of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Education, Nantong Normal School and Jiangsu Haimen Normal School merged to form Nantong Higher Normal School, adding the brand of Nantong Branch of Jiangsu Institute of Education. The establishment of Nantong Normal University is a new development platform for the school to leap into the higher education sequence. The school will inherit the centuries-old cultural accumulation and school-running tradition, shoulder the historical mission of serving Nantong's basic education and boosting the overall situation of economic and social development, and develop steadily with the goal of building a secondary normal college with both undergraduate courses.