1.2 Fundamentally speaking, knowledge economy is a talent economy. We must deeply realize that knowledge economy is an economy based on talents. First of all, the core and fundamental driving force of knowledge economy is knowledge and intellectual resources. The production, storage, use or consumption of any knowledge and information, as well as the technology, management and decision-making in the corresponding process, fundamentally depend on all kinds of talents at all levels. Secondly, innovation is the life and source of knowledge economy. Only talents with creativity as the basic feature can creatively and creatively apply science, technology and management. Thirdly, the realization and development of knowledge economy is a two-way interactive process of "knowledge economy" and "economic knowledge", which means that talents constantly create new knowledge, put it into new applications, materialize and create new values.
1.3 The essence of rejuvenating the country through science and education is to strengthen the country through talents, so as to fundamentally improve the population quality and low education level in ethnic areas. We must vigorously develop science education, and make unremitting efforts to revitalize the country through science and education. The main carrier of science and education must rely on talents, use talents and cultivate talents. In this sense, the essence of rejuvenating the country through science and education is to strengthen the country through talents.
1.4 Talent-oriented is the inevitable requirement of people-oriented. Whether it is economy-oriented or people-oriented, building a well-off society in an all-round way is inseparable from the development of human resources and the full excavation and scientific allocation of talents as the first resource. No matter from the perspective of market subject, resource integration and scientific and technological innovation, or from the perspective of market efficiency, fair distribution and institutional arrangement, talent-oriented is an inevitable requirement of people-oriented. To fully understand the strategic significance of human resources, we must establish the idea of "three firsts" of human resources, that is, human resources are the first resource for long-term sustainable economic and social development; Developing human resources in an all-round way is the primary task of implementing the capitalization strategy of human resources; Developing human resources in an all-round way is the first policy to accelerate the rapid development of poverty-stricken areas.
2 Difficulties and problems in talent development
In recent years, China has made great progress in talent development in accordance with the strategic requirements of "rejuvenating the country through science and education and strengthening the country through talents". However, due to the poor foundation of economic and social development in our state, there are some problems in talent development, such as narrow carrier, poor environment, inflexible mechanism and backward concept, especially the backward concept of using talents, the initiative of attracting high-quality talents, the creation of conditions to attract and retain talents, and the environmental construction of enterprises and institutions, which make the current situation of talent development far from the surrounding areas, especially the developed areas.
2. 1 Small talent base and low quality. Professional and technical personnel per 10,000 people 105 people, 63 people lower than the average level in Gansu province. Compared with 30 autonomous prefectures in China, the population density is the highest, but after the number of employees ranks 16, the ratio of professional and technical personnel to the total population is 1:95, which is lower than most autonomous prefectures. Senior professional titles only account for 1.35% of all kinds of professional and technical personnel, which is nearly 3 percentage points lower than the provincial average; Intermediate professional titles account for 2 1%, which is 7 percentage points lower than the provincial average. Compared with other cities and prefectures in the province, there are few people in our province who enjoy special government allowances, provincial experts and academic and technical leaders, and top-notch national professional and technical personnel.
2.2 Unreasonable layout and prominent structural contradictions From the perspective of industry distribution, talents are relatively concentrated in the education and health systems, with professional and technical talents in education and health systems accounting for 8.90% of the total, less agriculture and a shortage of talents in industrial enterprises; There is a relative surplus in counties and cities, and there is a shortage of first-line talents in rural areas. From the perspective of the internal structure of talents, 56% of Quanzhou's professional and technical personnel are concentrated at the state, county and city levels, forming a phenomenon that a large number of talents with high professional titles and high academic qualifications float on them, while talents in rural areas and enterprises are extremely scarce; In non-public enterprises, the contradiction of talent shortage is very prominent.
2.3 Continuing education is not in place, innovation ability is weak, personnel training is still very backward, and a large number of practical talents have not been cultivated in time. There is no higher vocational and technical school and corresponding talent training base in Quanzhou so far, which seriously restricts the training, education and selection of talents and the knowledge renewal of existing talents. State and county budgets rarely arrange training funds. Due to the lack of training funds, most talents lack continuing education and can't keep up with the times. Personal skills degenerate, innovation ability weakens, and it is difficult to play its due role.
2.4 Poor talent treatment and insufficient absorption. The economic development of our state is slow, the natural conditions are difficult, and the living and working conditions of all kinds of talents are relatively poor, so it is difficult to stabilize and attract talents. Among the 30 autonomous prefectures, the average annual wage level of employees in our state ranks 20th. Compared with Lanzhou, the average annual salary of employees is more than 2,000 yuan. Since 1998, colleges and universities in our state have enrolled 6659 students, and only 1758 people have returned to work in Linxia, accounting for 26.4%. Nearly three-quarters of the talents have gone to other places, and most of the students who have been admitted to key and popular majors have not returned. Due to the limitation of financial and material resources, the government cannot introduce a series of truly attractive and incentive preferential policies.
3 Countermeasures for the development of innovative talents
In order to fundamentally solve the difficulties and problems existing in talent development, it is urgent to intensify talent development, speed up the process of talent development and innovate the talent development mechanism. Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and the spirit of the Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 16th CPC Central Committee, focusing on optimizing the talent environment, relying on rejuvenating the country through science and education and strengthening the country through talents, on the basis of stabilizing existing talents, we will cultivate suitable talents, introduce urgently needed talents and reserve future talents, strive to accelerate the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and provide strong talent guarantee and intellectual support for realizing the leap-forward development of economy and society.
3. 1 To innovate the concept of talent development, we should establish five new concepts of talent development: the concept of "talent resources are the first resource", the concept of talent resource development, the concept of marketization of talent resource allocation, the concept of legalization of talent resource management and the concept of internationalization of talent competition.
3.2 Scientifically formulate the talent development strategies of states, counties (cities), industries and departments, combine the reality, base on the long-term development of regional economy, pillar industries and advantageous industries, and start from the demand of realizing the leap-forward economic development, and strive to clarify the overall thinking of talent development. Pay close attention to seriously study and formulate relevant talent development strategies. Study and implement the working method of human resources network management with strong alliance and complementary advantages among enterprises. Consciously establish a scientific outlook on development and talents, truly establish the idea that human resources are the first resource, everyone can become a talent, and investment in talent training is the most effective investment, establish the idea that Linxia can only be built after going out of Linxia, take innovative ideas as the guide, accelerate the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the country through talents, and gradually rely on talents to promote development.
3.3 Implementation of the "four major projects" for the cultivation of innovative talents. Take the project of stabilizing talents, cultivating talents, using talents and marketization of talents as a strategic measure for talent work, and pay close attention to it.
3.3. 1 Implement the project of stabilizing talents and introducing talents. First of all, the most critical, cost-effective and economical way to develop talents is to stabilize the existing talent team and give full play to their enthusiasm, initiative and creativity. The second is to introduce talents. Adhere to the mechanism of paying equal attention to cultivating local talents and introducing talents, and pay attention to the introduction and cultivation of local talents. We should adopt flexible and diverse ways to introduce talents, not for everything, but for use, and introduce talents who turn the stone into gold with paid "talent leasing" and flexible flow, so as to make the most effective use of talent resources. Local talent resources are the basic resources that we must firmly grasp and the effective carrier for the development and growth of pillar industries. Through on-the-job training, continuing education and academic education, we will constantly update our knowledge and optimize our knowledge structure to become a compound talent. Thirdly, pay attention to establishing a mechanism for the common development of high-level talents and basic talents. Both the country and the province regard high-level talents as the focus of talent development, but as an economically underdeveloped Linxia area, we must be clear-headed and insist on grasping both sides: grasping the development of high-level talents on the one hand and the cultivation of basic talents on the other, and both sides should be hard and not neglect one thing. In terms of industrial economy, it is necessary to increase the training of high-level talents, improve the scientific and technological content of pillar industry products and enhance market competitiveness. For the characteristic rural economy, we should pay attention to the cultivation of local talents, make the rural economy out of its characteristics and realize a well-off society in rural areas.
3.3.2 Implement the education project. Highlight the key points of education and training, formulate a scientific education and training plan, focus on updating knowledge, enhancing skills and improving quality, aim at the all-round and sustainable development of talents, determine the framework of talent capacity building according to the different characteristics of various talents, and carry out targeted education and training. Enrich training forms, pay attention to both academic training and professional and technical training; Take a variety of training forms such as study, academic exchange, on-the-job practice, and attachment exercise to enhance the practicality, pertinence and effectiveness of the training. Create a learning society, establish the concept of "lifelong learning" and "learning for all", and carry out activities to create learning institutions, learning systems, learning enterprises, learning communities, learning towns and learning families. Formulate the assessment system and evaluation standard of learning organization to ensure the development of learning activities. We must consolidate the primacy of the "two basics", make every effort to push forward the Ninth Five-Year Plan process and expand its achievements. Actively develop vocational education, do a good job in the construction of vocational schools, and strictly implement the labor and employment system of training before taking up posts; Strive to solve the shortage of professional teachers, improve the professional education level of in-service teachers in a planned way, and improve the management methods and assessment methods of continuing education; Rational allocation of educational resources, full implementation of school principal certificate and appointment system. Establish Linxia University for Nationalities as soon as possible, enrich the teaching staff, improve the education level and speed up personnel training.
3.3.3 Implement talent project. Establish and improve the "evaluation system for the use of outstanding talents, create a fair competitive environment for the use of talents, innovate the incentive mechanism for talents, and implement excellent performance first, excellent talents with excellent prices, first-class talents and first-class rewards". Establish an expert contact system and give full play to the backbone role of high-level talents; Promote the socialization of professional title evaluation, and further improve the professional and technical positions, registration and management methods. Establish a "promotion and demotion" mechanism for civil servants. Through open selection, competition for posts, performance appraisal, etc., people who can, want and can be officers are selected to leadership positions, so as to give full play to their talents.
3.3.4 Implement the talent marketization project. Effectively integrate Quanzhou talent market resources, standardize the market order, promote the standardization and institutionalization of talent exchange activities, speed up the informatization construction of talent market, further shape the talent service brand, implement the service return visit system of recruiting units, and create a service environment based on integrity. Develop and expand the talent market scale, improve the regional talent market, and vigorously develop the professional talent market and online talent market. Establish a talent market network, improve the talent market mechanism, strengthen the socialized service function of the talent market, and strengthen the coordination, cooperation and industry self-discipline of talent exchange in Quanzhou.
3.4 Create a social environment where talents gather, create a relaxed environment for the use and growth of talents, increase investment in continuing education of professional and technical personnel and scientific and technological research projects, and increase the selection and training of innovative talents and top-notch technical talents.