Compared with the education in Sparta, the education in Athens served the slave owners, and slaves had no right to enjoy education. However, due to different political and economic conditions, the education system is also different. The educational systems in Athens and Sparta represent two different types, and the main differences are as follows: (1) The government has different attitudes towards education. Sparta, which founded the country by agriculture and practiced slave-class autocracy, adopted strict centralized leadership and regarded its children as state-owned; Government officials and social adults fulfill their supervision obligations to teenagers, and teenagers must obey them; Education expenses are borne by the state, and young people receive education free of charge. Athens, which developed commerce and practiced slave-class democracy, adopted a laissez-faire policy on education and regarded educating children as the responsibility of the family. It is parents' duty to choose a suitable school for their children and pay tuition fees. (2) The training objectives are different. Spartan rulers exercised tyranny at home; Foreign countries pursue a policy of defense and aggression, focusing on training brave soldiers, and women are no exception. In order to enable the children of slave owners to participate in political and economic activities-enter the political and trade fields, Athens tried its best to train them into strong, well-behaved, versatile and educated people, that is, citizens. (3) Different educational institutions, Sparta is an exercise soldier. Men aged 7 to 18 have barracks-style coaches, and men aged 18 and above have young "non-commissioned officers" (that is, "Everby"), and martial arts education is carried out through military establishment. In Athens, there are many private schools, such as gymnastics school, music school, grammar school, rhetoric school and philosopher's college.

Physical education in ancient Athens. The degree is uneven and there are many schools. Anyone can choose to go to school, and the government does not seek reunification. (4) Different educational contents. The coaching colleges and non-commissioned officers' corps in Sparta mainly focus on military training and physical exercise. Athens, on the other hand, not only practiced martial arts in physical education class, but also paid attention to the teaching of cultural knowledge, while rhetoric schools and philosophers' academies with the nature of higher education advocated the teaching and debate of higher theoretical disciplines. (5) Different educational methods. Sparta emphasized obedience to teacher training and hard training. Athens pays more attention to inspiration and induction. (6) Different teachers. The educational institutions in Sparta were all taught by the members of the slave-owning class in Sparta, and were also admonished by the consul. In Athens, in addition to the members of the national ruling class, there are many wise men from abroad as teachers, and the recruitment of talents is not limited to nationality.