The fundamental purpose is to change the situation of poverty and weakness in the Northern Song Dynasty, strengthen the ability of external defense and internal pressure, and consolidate and strengthen feudal rule. It is nearly fifteen years from the second implementation of the new law to the abolition of the old school. In these fifteen years, after the implementation of each new law, although there are inevitably some drawbacks, they can basically achieve some results, and the effect of "enriching Qiang Bing" is very remarkable.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Feng Menglong compiled a series of words that warned the world, including "An Xiang Gong hates the Mid-Levels Hall", which is about the failure of Wang Anshi's political reform. Wang Anshi retired to his hometown in his later years, and all he saw and heard along the way were people's dissatisfaction and resentment against the political reform, and he died of depression and remorse. The article wrote: "Because of his stubbornness, all buddhas and bodhisattvas also advised him not to look back. Everyone called him' stubborn xianggong'.

2. Tao Yuanming does not bend his back for five buckets of rice.

In order to support his family, Tao Yuanming came to Pengze, not far from his hometown, as a county magistrate. That winter, the county magistrate sent a tour to pengze county to supervise the government. Du You has low taste and some power. Speak with your mouth in front of the satrap. Du You, who was sent here this time, is a vulgar and arrogant person. As soon as he arrived at Penzer's guest house, he sent a county magistrate to call a county magistrate to see him. ?

Tao Yuanming usually despises fame and fortune, refuses to obey orders, despises such a person who gives orders in the name of a higher level, but he wants to see it again, so he set off at once. Unexpectedly, the county magistrate stopped Tao Yuanming and said, "My Lord, Du, you should wear official clothes and a big belt, otherwise it will be indecent. Du, you take the opportunity to make a scene, which is not good for adults! "

Therefore, Tao Yuanming couldn't stand it any longer. Sighed and said, "I can't bend over to the villains in the village for five buckets of rice!" " "He said, and simply took out the official seal, stamped it, immediately wrote his resignation letter, and then left Peng Ze, who had only been the county magistrate for more than 80 days.

3. Wen Tianxiang died heroically.

Wen Tianxiang once received a letter from his daughter Liu Niang in prison and learned that his wife and two daughters were slaves in the palace and lived like prisoners. Wen Tianxiang knew that as long as he surrendered, his family could be reunited. But Wen Tianxiang doesn't want to lose his integrity because of his wife and daughter. In his letter to his sister, he said, "I am very sad to receive a letter from Miss Liu. Who has no wife, children, flesh and blood? But now, it is a kind of life to die without hesitation. what can I do? What a pity! ..... can make Liu Nv and Huan Nv become good people, but dad can't. Tears choked and choked. "

Wen Tianxiang was escorted to Chai Shikou execution ground that day. The suggestion asked him, "What else does the Prime Minister have to say? Playing back can also save you from death. " Wen Tianxiang shouted, "Die or die. What else can you say? " He asked the prison officer again, "Which way is the south?" Someone showed him the direction, and Wen Tianxiang bowed down to the south and said, "My business is over, and my heart is clear!"

4. Zhu's "Goose Lake Theory"

In the second year (1 175), in order to reconcile the differences between Zhu and Lu, another famous scholar invited four or five brothers, Zhu, Lu Jiuyuan and Lu Jiuling, to get together at the Ehu Temple in Xinzhou (now lead mountain county, Jiangxi province), and the main topic of discussion was "learning from foreigners". This is the famous "Goose Lake Conference" in the academic history of China.

Five years later (1 180), Lu Jiuyuan visited Zhu in Bailudong Academy and asked him to write an epitaph for his younger brother Lu Jiuling. They hit it off as soon as they met. They were very friendly and admired each other. Zhu not only accepted Lu's request, but also invited Lu Jiuyuan to the academy to give lectures to teachers and students. Lu also readily agreed that his topic was to explain the chapter of The Analects of Confucius. The audience was deeply moved and left a good impression on teachers and students. This incident shows that although Zhu and Lu have different views, they both have a generous gentleman's demeanor in academic exchanges and attitudes towards people.

5. Jie Jin is a three-scholar.

In the twentieth year of Hongwu (1387), Jie Jin took part in the provincial examination for the first time and won the first place in one fell swoop, which was known as "Xiejieyuan" in history. The next year, he went to Beijing to take the exam and ranked seventh. After palace examination, he was recorded as a second-class scholar. Huang Jinhua, his brother and brother-in-law of Xie Lunhe, also joined the Bangdeng Jinshi.

How did Xie Yuan, a genius who was famous since childhood, get the seventh place? Facts have proved that Jie Jin's articles are magnificent and sharp. Originally, the examiner hoped that he would be the "top scholar". However, other examiners thought that Jie Jin's remarks in the article were too sharp and afraid of causing trouble, so he deliberately ranked Jie Jin seventh.

Although Jie Jin passed by the top scholar, the news that the Xie Shi family was "brothers with the same rank" and "a top scholar with three ranks" immediately caused a sensation in Jishui, Jie Jin's hometown, and also in Nanjing, which was a great event for a while. This time, Ren Hengtai, as the first scholar in the imperial examination, achieved far less in later generations than Jie Jin.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia _ Wang Anshi?

Baidu Encyclopedia _ Tao Yuanming

Baidu encyclopedia _ Wen Tianxiang

Baidu encyclopedia _ Zhu

Baidu encyclopedia _ Jie Jin