Educational function refers to the influence and function of educational activities on individual development and social development.

From the object of educational function, educational function is divided into individual function and social function of education. The positive effect of education on society is mainly manifested in promoting the development of social politics, economy and culture. The role of education in society is not infinite, but restricted by social structure, social development law and social nature. Education has different social functions in different societies. For example, in ancient society, the function of education was mainly political, safeguarding the existing interests of the ruling class; In modern society, the focus of social function of education has turned to economic function, and promoting social prosperity and development through "rejuvenating the country through science and education" has become the basic direction of social function of education.

Dewey believes that education is social and the primary function of education is socialization. He put forward such viewpoints as "education is life", "school is society" and "child-centered theory". In Dewey's view, education is social, and education is a social process, which is mainly reflected in two aspects: education should adapt to society and education should transform society.

I. The positive role of education in social development The relationship between economy and education 1. The restrictive effect of economy on education

1) Economic development is the material basis of education development.

2) The level of economic development determines the scale and speed of education development; 3) The level and structure of economic development restrict the corresponding changes in the educational structure; 4) The level of economic development restricts the relevant aspects of educational content and means (facilities, educational purposes, objectives and teaching organization forms); 2) The promotion of education to the economy.

1) Education promotes economic development through labor production.

Labor force is the sum of physical strength and intelligence used by laborers in producing certain use value, and it is the labor ability loaded on laborers. Of course, the quantity and quality of the labor force should be unified. Only quantity without quality is a heavy burden of social production and economic development, and only a high-quality labor force can promote the rapid economic development.

Marx "wants people to acquire some skills and skills of the labor department and become a developed and specialized labor force, they must have some education or training." According to relevant statistics, a skilled worker who has received a year's education in science, technology and culture can improve his work efficiency by an average of 1.6 times compared with a worker who has worked in a factory for one year. The rationalization proposal will increase by 6% on average for every year of workers' education; Workers with complete secondary education are 4-5 times more enthusiastic about technological innovation than workers with the same education and the same length of service.

Education can realize the reproduction of labor force through the following levels: First, the level of general education (including primary and secondary education)

Followed by professional and vocational education (including vocational education and higher education), followed by continuing education and job training.

2) Education promotes economic development by producing science and technology. Education mainly produces science and technology through two aspects:

First, education spreads scientific and cultural knowledge and technology and realizes its reproduction. Second, education produces new scientific knowledge and technology (especially higher education).

Higher education has three functions: teaching, scientific research and serving the society. Higher education can produce new talents through scientific research.

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Scientific knowledge and technology. "Stanford gave birth to Silicon Valley"

Education can not only reproduce scientific knowledge through teaching, but also produce new science and technology through scientific research.

Today's education is tomorrow's economy. To become an economic power, we must first become an educational power.

Theodore W.Schultz, winner of the 65438-0979 Nobel Prize, is recognized as the founder of human capital theory. 1960, he delivered a speech entitled "human capital investment" as the president of the American Economic Association, expounding many economic growth problems that cannot be explained by traditional economic theories, clearly pointing out that human capital is the main reason for promoting national economic growth in the present era, and that "population quality and knowledge investment largely determine the future prospects of mankind".

1945 After the end of World War II, Germany and Japan, the defeated countries, suffered great trauma. Many people think that it will take a long time for the economies of these two countries to return to their original levels. But in fact, the economies of Germany and Japan miraculously recovered, which only took about 15 years. After the 1960s, these two countries continued to surpass the United States and the Soviet Union with strong development momentum, and finally their economic strength rose to the second and third place in the world. The reason for this puzzled many people, and people began to explore the shortcomings of traditional economics.

The emergence of these unexplained special phenomena in the economic field has aroused great concern of western economic theorists, and economists have put forward their own views. Schultz's theory of human capital came into being under this background. He put forward a famous point: among the factors affecting economic development, human factor is the most critical, and economic development mainly depends on the improvement of people's quality, not the richness of natural resources or the amount of capital. The above problems in the economic field are easy to explain.

On the economic miracle of Germany and Japan. He believes that the miracle of the post-war economic revival of the two countries is mainly attributed to human capital. Although the war destroyed the material capital of these two countries, it did not destroy their rich human capital; In addition, the long cultural tradition and the modern country's policy of attaching importance to education provide a large number of high-quality labor for economic development, which makes the economic development of the two countries based on high-tech level and high efficiency.

The theory of human capital mainly includes:

(1) Human resources are the most important of all resources.

(2) In economic growth, the role of human capital is greater than that of material capital. Investment in human capital is directly proportional to national income, which is growing faster than that of material resources.

(3) The core of human capital is to improve the quality of population, and education investment is the main part of human investment. The reproduction of human capital should be regarded not only as a kind of consumption, but also as an investment, and its economic benefits are far greater than material investment. Education is the most basic means to improve human capital, so human investment can also be regarded as an education investment problem.

(4) Education is also a factor that makes the social distribution of personal income tend to be equal (the first is the difference in wages).

Mainly due to the differences in education, education can improve the income ability of workers, affect the social distribution of personal income and reduce the imbalance of income distribution. Secondly, the improvement of education level will slow down the relative income difference caused by different education. )

The relationship between politics and education is not arbitrary 1. The role of politics in education.

1) The political system determines the leadership of education.

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2) The political system determines the right to education.

3) The political system determines the nature of educational purpose and the content of ideological and moral education. The positive role of education in politics.

1) Education serves politics by cultivating qualified citizens and political talents, mainly in two aspects:

First, educate the broad masses of people politically and ideologically, promote their political socialization and become qualified citizens needed by society. The social ruling class always wants to cultivate citizens through education, so that the educated can have the political ideals and beliefs required by the state, government or ruling party. The second is to cultivate political talents to supplement the needs of social management. (Political talents refer to leaders and managers in all sectors and fields of society. Political talents at all levels need to be trained through education. )

Material: More than 30 of the more than 50 prime ministers in British history graduated from Oxford and Cambridge. Moreover, as international famous schools, Oxford and Cambridge have also cultivated outstanding politics for other countries, such as US President Bill Clinton and Philippine President Arroyo. It is reported that 94 of the 399 Conservative MPs in Britain graduated from Oxford University and 75 from Cambridge University. In the United States, most senior political talents graduated from Harvard, Yale and Princeton. In Japan, 70% of senior civil servants graduated from Tokyo University. 2) Education serves the ruling class by spreading ideas and creating public opinion 3) Education is an important force to promote social democratization.

The promotion of education to social democracy is mainly manifested in three aspects.

First, education spreads science and inspires people's democratic thoughts (ancient society and modern society)

Second, educational democratization itself is an important part of political democratization (equal educational rights and equal educational opportunities).

Social equality and fair distribution of educational resources are not only the requirements of educational democracy, but also an important embodiment of political democratization. )

Third, democratic education is the incubator of political democratization and the relationship between education and culture.

Culture is a very broad concept. To be exact, culture refers to the history, geography, customs, traditional customs, lifestyle, literature and art, code of conduct, way of thinking and values of a country and a nation.

A school, by its nature, is a cultural institution. The emergence of schools is for the inheritance, dissemination and innovation of culture. Through the inheritance, dissemination and innovation of culture, the educated will be socialized, personalized and civilized, thus shaping people with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique and beauty. The positive effect of education on culture. The cultural preservation function of education has many forms: material culture, institutional culture and spiritual culture. The first two can be preserved with the help of some places of interest and language symbols, but the third one will be preserved through our educational communication form. 2. The cultural choice function of education.

Education is not the spread of all cultures, and the culture of education is selective. Cultural exchange without choice cannot be education, especially school education. We should choose a systematic, scientific and basic culture to spread. 3. The cultural integration function of education.

Education can promote cultural exchange and integration, such as the exchange of foreign students between some schools and the academic exchange of teachers abroad. Cultural integration is not the simple addition of different characteristic cultures, nor is it the substitution of one side for the other, but the absorption of beneficial elements from other cultures on the basis of one culture.

4, the cultural creation function of education (this is the most fundamental function of education to culture, not only to inherit and preserve the existing culture, but also to constantly create new culture) Example: obliterate.

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In class, the teacher asked, "There are ten birds in the tree. Shoot one. How many? " Student A: "There are nine more." Student B: "No, there are no birds in the tree, because other birds are scared to fly when they hear the gunshots." Student C: "There are two more. A deaf-mute bird couldn't hear the gunshots and was still in the tree. A bird without feathers is afraid to get into a tree hole. " Teacher: "You boy, you talk nonsense. How can birds be deaf? " Education and population

The influence of population on education

1, the quantity and quality of population will have an impact on education.

2. Demographic structure affects education (demographic structure includes the natural structure and social structure of the population. Natural structure refers to people's age,

Gender and other aspects; Social structure means that the class, culture, occupation, region and nationality of the population will affect the distribution of schools at all levels in the education system, people's demand for education and the distribution of educational institutions. 3. The impact of population mobility on education (urban-rural mobility)

Problems brought by an aging society

According to the standards put forward by the United Nations, a country will enter an aging society when the population aged 65 and above exceeds 7%.

A research report recently completed by China Academy of Social Sciences says that the aging rate in China is close to the highest level in the world. In the future, China's population policy will face a dilemma: relaxing population control will make population growth rebound, and continuing to control population will aggravate the scale and speed of population aging. The research report shows that in the next two or three decades, the proportion of the elderly over 65 in the total population in China will increase from the current 7.5% to 14%. According to the estimated data of the United Nations, if the current population development trend remains unchanged, by 2040, the population aged 60 and above in China will account for 28% of the total population.

The role of education on population

1. Education can control population. 2. Education can improve the quality of population. Education can improve the population structure. Education can promote the rational flow of population.

Second, the negative effect of education on social development.

Education can promote social development, but it is not always the case. The negative function of education to social development is the imbalance or even conflict between the education system and the external environment, that is, the external condition of education is that the positive function of education is blocked. There are two situations that will lead to the negative effects of education on social development:

In the first case, when social development is in a negative direction, education has a negative effect on the whole society. ? In the second case, when social development is in a positive period, the role of education in social development is positive on the whole, but due to some factors, the external relationship between education and society is unbalanced, resulting in local negative effects. (Blind education comes first, and current education is not conducive to narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas)