Selected pictures of handwritten newspaper on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction theme 02

Photo selection of handwritten newspaper on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction theme 03 publicity knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction

1. Earthquake rumors

1, the characteristics of earthquake rumors

? Forecast? The magnitude of the earthquake is very accurate, and the time and place of the earthquake are very specific; With feudal superstitions or bizarre legends.

The following conditions can be judged as earthquake rumors: ① Exceeding the actual level of the current forecast, three factors and ten points? Is it accurate? The so-called earthquake prediction opinion. For example, it is rumored that the time and place of the earthquake are very specific, and even the time of the earthquake is accurate enough? Good morning. 、? At night? .

② Transnational earthquake prediction. If the earthquake is predicted by foreigners, it must be a rumor, because it is neither in line with the regulations of China for issuing earthquake predictions nor with international practice.

(3) The rumor that the consequences of the earthquake have been exaggerated. Sometimes, especially after a strong earthquake, it often happens? Somewhere is going to sink? Somewhere is going to be flooded? Wait for rumors, such sensational news is not credible.

2. What should I do if I hear about the earthquake rumor?

① Don't believe, ② Don't spread, ③ Stop and report in time.

Second, emergency shelters.

1. Why should cities establish emergency shelters?

Earthquake disaster is a serious natural disaster. Because of its suddenness, it often causes casualties and huge property losses in a very short time, and may lead to secondary disasters and broader social disasters.

Modern big cities look like reinforced concrete and iron walls. In fact, the seismic capacity of big cities is very fragile. With the rapid development of modern industrial process and economic construction, many small towns are inevitably developing towards urbanization. An important sign of urbanization is the high-rise buildings, dense population and industry, and various pipelines of lifeline systems such as electricity, telecommunications, gas, water supply and heat crisscross underground and above ground. If the seismic fortification standard is not enough, once it is attacked by an earthquake, the consequences are unimaginable. At present, people's awareness of earthquake prevention is weak, and blind development and construction are everywhere, which leads to the increasing vulnerability of cities.

Based on the results of earthquake-geological disaster zoning, building vulnerability analysis, lifeline engineering vulnerability analysis, casualties and economic loss analysis of urban earthquake disaster risk prediction, the reasonable selection and planning of evacuation sites based on population density and spatial distribution density of homeless people are given, and the choice of emergency evacuation roads based on traffic flow and load is given, so as to improve the efficiency of evacuation and rescue after earthquake and reduce casualties during earthquake. Through the analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: ① The factors of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction land planning should be comprehensively considered in the selection of emergency shelter, and areas with good site conditions and not prone to earthquakes and geological disasters should be selected. According to the land use earthquake prevention and disaster reduction plan, sand liquefaction, soft soil settlement, landslide, dangerous rock collapse or seismic active fault may occur in the earthquake-resistant dangerous area, which is not suitable as a shelter; The site conditions in the earthquake-resistant favorable area are good, and if it is planned as a refuge area, it will cause waste. Therefore, only areas with unfavorable earthquake resistance are suitable for building emergency shelters. (2) According to the prediction results of earthquake damage caused by population loss, the homeless, the injured and the dead with degrees ⅶ and ⅷ are analyzed, and the distribution maps of the homeless, the injured and the dead with degrees ⅶ and ⅷ are obtained. ③ According to urban geography and population distribution, the classification of emergency shelters was completed, namely temporary shelters and fixed shelters. Therefore, the construction of emergency shelter is an important link in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.

2, earthquake emergency shelter construction standards

City squares, green spaces, parks, schools and stadiums are all suitable for building earthquake emergency shelters.

(1) Realize the principles of balanced layout, accessibility, operability, evacuation, safety and combination of peacetime and wartime.

(2) Equipped with facilities and equipment required for disaster relief, such as emergency tent, emergency electricity, emergency well, emergency toilet, emergency material reserve, emergency communication, emergency field hospital, emergency apron, etc.

③ Emergency shelters established in our county.

County People's Square, County Stadium, Jin Shenghua Community Square, Ginkgo Peyo Square, etc.

Three, rural residential seismic safety engineering

1. Why should we implement the earthquake safety engineering construction of rural houses?

The implementation of rural residential earthquake safety project is an important measure to strengthen earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in the State Council in the new period, and it is a concrete embodiment of adhering to the people-oriented principle and putting people's life and property safety first. The Notice of the State Council on Strengthening Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Reduction (Guo Fa [2004] No.25) and the Notice of General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Opinions of Seismological Bureau of the Ministry of Construction on Implementing the Earthquake Safety Project of Rural Houses (Guo Ban Fa [2007]1No.0) require actively promoting the implementation of rural housing projects, eliminating potential safety hazards, improving farmers' living conditions and building a new socialist countryside. In order to comprehensively promote the implementation of rural residential projects and strive to improve the seismic safety capacity of rural residential buildings.

Earthquakes can be defended. Even in the high intensity area of M8 earthquake, by choosing a good foundation and a good structural system, taking certain seismic measures and strict construction methods, the seismic capacity of buildings can be significantly improved.

Although Hengshan is a region with few earthquakes, there is the possibility of moderate (even moderate) earthquakes, which have the characteristics of shallow focus and great destructive power. At present, rural houses in our county are generally undefended, so it is very necessary to promote the seismic safety engineering of rural houses. At present, two rural residential demonstration sites, Baiguo Juanshui and Guoguang, have been built.

2, rural residential seismic measures

(1) a solid foundation. (2) The house is clean and tidy, the wall layout is reasonable, and the opening of the load-bearing wall is small. (3) Add constructional column at the corner of the wall.

(4) When laying, the blocks of each layer are staggered and overlapped with each other. ⑤ A closed ring beam is added.