Knowledge expansion:
Ordinary colleges and universities in China refer to schools with ordinary higher education under the supervision or joint supervision of national ministries, provincial people's governments (including Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps) and provincial (city, district) education administrative departments.
The enrollment methods of ordinary colleges and universities mainly include: all ordinary colleges and universities have passed the national unified enrollment examination for doctoral and master students, the national unified enrollment examination for ordinary colleges and universities organized by the Ministry of Education and provincial education administrative departments, the spring college entrance examination for some provinces and cities, the separate enrollment examination for higher vocational colleges, and the entrance examination for upgrading ordinary higher education.
Ordinary institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutions undertaking postgraduate education include: universities (including vocational universities and vocational technical universities), colleges (including vocational colleges and vocational technical colleges), independent colleges and junior colleges. Universities, junior colleges and independent colleges mainly implement higher education at undergraduate and postgraduate levels; Vocational and technical colleges, vocational colleges and junior colleges mainly implement higher education at the specialist level.
On April 4, 2023, the Ministry of Education announced the examination and approval results of undergraduate majors in ordinary colleges and universities in 2022, and the new catalogue of undergraduate majors in ordinary colleges and universities.
By June 2023 15, there were 3,072 institutions of higher learning in China, including 2,820 ordinary institutions of higher learning, including 1275 undergraduate institutions and 1545 higher vocational colleges. There are 252 adult colleges and universities. This list does not include institutions of higher learning in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.
General basic education is divided into preschool education, primary education, junior high school education and senior high school education, including special education for disabled children, teenagers and young people and work-study education for extraordinary students; Vocational education includes secondary professional education, vocational school education, mechanic education and higher vocational education (higher vocational education in colleges and universities also belongs to general higher education); General higher education can be divided into postgraduate education, undergraduate education and specialist education.