The Ming Dynasty was a period when the old traditional educational ideas gradually became rigid and new ideas sprouted. On the one hand, starting from Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor, the imperial examination must be based on Zhu's Notes on the Four Books in the Southern Song Dynasty, emphasizing "speaking on behalf of saints", and the feudal imperial examination gradually became rigid. During the reign of Judy Yongle, Ming Taizu and Hu Guang, a bachelor of Hanlin, were ordered to compile the Complete Works of the Five Classics, the Complete Works of the Four Books and the Complete Works of Sexual Theory as official Chinese teaching contents to spread orthodox Confucianism. On the other hand, the middle and late Ming Dynasty was regarded by historians as an era when capitalism sprouted to varying degrees. In terms of culture and education, some of them have infiltrated the democratic spirit of anti-feudalism and pursuing individual liberation, and have modern enlightenment thoughts. For example, Li Zhi, a thinker who was regarded as a heresy at that time, was an outstanding representative. Unfortunately, the light of this thought has not been carried forward because Manchu, a nomadic people, entered the Central Plains. Since the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, the seeds of capitalist relations of production have not continued to develop, feudal orthodoxy has been maintained, and imperial examinations have continued to be rigid. The integration of national cultures has gradually reached a climax, and the cultural exchanges between Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Tibetan and Western countries have been continuously strengthened, which undoubtedly promoted the development of language education. In terms of educational thoughts, Huang Zongxi and others advocated the spirit of practical learning in running schools, saying, "Learning Confucian classics is worthwhile, taking it from the world" 20; With the further development of folk culture, the creation of folk literature marked by four classic novels is becoming more and more perfect. All kinds of situations are undoubtedly a kind of backwash to the mainstream cultural view, educational view and values at that time. Since Ming and Qing Dynasties, western culture has gradually occupied a dominant position in the communication with China culture. With the spread of western learning to the east, China's traditional views on education, culture and values have undergone tremendous changes. Especially after the Opium War, China's culture was washed away, lost and introspected for the first time in the face of powerful western culture, and China's education had undergone earth-shaking changes from thought to form, until the May Fourth Movement began and gradually completed the Phoenix-like cultural transformation.