1, benevolence: benevolence is the core concept of Confucius' thought. In his view, benevolence is an internal moral emotion, and it is the care and mutual assistance between people. Benevolent people love others, that is, they should have love, compassion and tolerance. Confucius believes that only through kindness can people truly achieve personal and social harmony.
2. Ceremony: Confucius believes that ceremony is an important means to maintain social order and moral norms. He advocated the restoration of Zhou Li to correct the social chaos at that time. The function of etiquette is not only to regulate people's behavior, but more importantly, to make people feel awe and consciously abide by moral norms.
3. The Doctrine of the Mean: The Doctrine of the Mean is another core proposition of Confucius. He believes that the golden mean is the highest moral realm and the goal that people should pursue. The doctrine of the mean is not eclecticism, but seeking a balance between opposing things in order to achieve the best state. In Confucius' thought, the doctrine of the mean is an ideal state, which needs people to pursue and practice constantly.
The influence of Confucius thought on China society;
1. Education: Confucius attached great importance to education and thought that education was an important way to cultivate talents and improve social quality. He advocated that there should be no universal education, that is, the objects of education should be equal, and everyone, rich or poor, has the right to education. This concept of equal education is a milestone in the history of education in China, and it also provides an important ideological basis for the development of modern education.
2. Morality: Confucius emphasized moral cultivation and believed that people reached the realm of benevolence through constant self-cultivation and introspection. He advocates not doing to others what you don't want others to do to you, that is, people should take their own behavior as the criterion and don't easily blame others. This concept of ruling the country by virtue has had a far-reaching impact in the history of China, and also provided an important reference for the moral construction of modern society.
3. Politics: Confucius emphasized the importance of the moral quality of the monarch to politics, and believed that the monarch should govern the country by virtue and implement benevolent policies. He advocates that the gentleman is righteous and the villain is beneficial, that is, the monarch should put morality above interests and take morality as the foundation of governing the country. This kind of political thought has an important position in the history of China, and it also has an influence on modern political thought.