At present, music appreciation teaching has not attracted enough attention. In teaching, most teachers explain works and play music in a complicated way, and students passively accept teaching. Due to the influence of the environment, middle school students have not accumulated much knowledge about music. While passively accepting unfamiliar music works, it is inevitable that you will be confused and tired of music. In this way, the interest in appreciation will be greatly reduced, and it will be difficult to achieve the expected purpose of appreciation teaching, which is contrary to the original intention of music teaching. I think that in appreciation teaching, we should take various ways to let students take the initiative to participate. So as to achieve the purpose of feeling beauty, understanding beauty and creating beauty. Here are some views on how to cultivate aesthetic feeling in music appreciation in rural primary schools.
1. Music class should create a beautiful situation and create a beautiful atmosphere. "Introduction before music class is the key link, and setting the environment" is to create the corresponding situation according to the style, artistic conception and specific content of music works. Through the creation of situations, students' vision and hearing can be mobilized, so that they can be immersed in the scene and enter the country as they see the scenery. It not only creates a beautiful learning atmosphere for students, but also makes a class have a good start. For example, the story introduction method can be used. Primary school students have a general tendency to love stories. In view of this feature, teachers can tell some anecdotes about this piece of music before listening to it to attract students' attention. Furthermore, the visual impact method can also be used to stimulate students' interest in learning and attract students' attention with visual sensory content (cartoons, video clips, vivid pictures, etc.). ).
Second, guide students to feel the beauty in appreciation
Music appreciation is based on students' listening, which requires students to have a certain sense of sound. Such as: the ability to feel the sound level, length, strength and music changes. Generally speaking, students have this ability. But students may not have melody, rhythm, mode, dynamics, harmony texture and so on. Therefore, students are required to appreciate and feel music step by step from the shallow to the deep, and gradually cultivate students' auditory perception of music, while cultivating students' aesthetic ability of music. In addition, most of the works in music textbooks are excellent music works at all times and all over the world, which is far from students. Therefore, we can supplement some ideological and artistic works that students like to reflect the spirit of the times to organize teaching, which can also improve students' interest in learning and broaden their horizons. In addition, in music teaching, students can be instructed in singing, role-playing, what emotions, sounds and forms to sing, and what instruments to accompany, so as to make the songs more perfect. In teaching, let students participate in various music activities and exercises, let children be influenced by beauty, cultivate their talents, let students understand the beauty of music and improve their aesthetic ability. Thirdly, cultivate students' aesthetic imagination and creativity.
1. Create a democratic, free and relaxed emotional atmosphere and give full play to children's imagination. ? Einstein said: "Imagination is more important than knowledge, because knowledge is limited, and imagination summarizes everything in the world, promotes progress and is the source of knowledge evolution." Music is an emotional art, and children's imagination is stretched by emotions. As the saying goes, "The knower is not as good as the doer, and the doer is not as happy as the musician." Interest is the best teacher, and interest is the premise of creation. ? If teachers do not pay attention to stimulate children's appreciation interest and adopt the methods of explanation and preaching, then the effect will be minimal. There will be a boring classroom atmosphere in the classroom, or stay on the surface of the expression level, then creative consciousness can not be cultivated. ? Once children's interest is mobilized, their interest in appreciation will be greatly enhanced, their personality will be fully displayed, and generate will show his creative potential. When organizing the The Yellow River Cantata appreciation, we changed the traditional arrangement of "paddy field" desks, arranged desks and chairs into a "several"-shaped flow chart of the Yellow River, with desks indoors and seats outdoors, and removed the podium. Teachers can guide activities in the middle of the semi-enclosure, which not only narrows the distance between teachers and students, but also does not prevent teachers from operating various teaching equipment. As soon as the students entered the classroom, the deformed seats attracted everyone's attention. They are thinking: why do you want to arrange seats like this? What do you like today? The teacher asked the students to sit in chairs outside the word "Ji". In this way, whether you look at students or desks, it is a "minority." After class, the teacher's first question is: Look, which Chinese character does our seat look like today? The students spoke the word "several". Ask again: Among the rivers in China, which river has a zigzag flow chart? Because I have learned the Yellow River in the history of junior high school, the students soon said that this is the flow chart of the Yellow River. Students quickly enter the role, and it is easy to think of themselves as a wave in the Yellow River and a child of the Yellow River. It can be seen that in order for students to actively participate, only teachers can correctly establish students' dominant position, be guides and guides for students, and give students an atmosphere of "psychological freedom" and a space for spontaneous expression, so as to stimulate students' potential creativity and make them the masters of learning.
2. Carry out comprehensive activities to make students "move" in music appreciation.
In the process of listening to music, students can make physical reactions while listening, with a sense of rhythm and rhythm; Listening to music while conducting; Listen and imitate playing, and when you hear what instrument is playing, imitate the playing posture of a certain instrument accordingly; While listening, humming the main theme softly; When listening, you can tap with a rhythmic instrument or a pair of chopsticks, which is very unique. Dance around the scarf while listening, and change your movements with the change of music; Recite poems while listening to music, and you can also give music to students who recite poems; In music appreciation, you can also enjoy some artistic activities, such as two pieces of music created by the composer inspired by painting. You can guide students to enjoy these two pieces of music. After that, the author showed the students a picture and asked them to express it by voice. Please discuss in groups before the presentation. In this way, I integrate painting, appreciation, language, form with creation and expression, which not only cultivates students' sentiment, develops students' creative thinking, deepens students' understanding of works, but also provides sufficient space for students to participate in and actively create music.
Fourthly, cultivate students' aesthetic evaluation ability.
Throughout the ages, in music works, truth, goodness and beauty always exist in contrast with falsehood, ugliness and ugliness, and they struggle and develop. Because of this, if teachers don't guide them well, many students will be ignorant of beauty and ugliness, and will not distinguish between good and evil and right and wrong. It is very important to improve students' aesthetic evaluation of music in primary school music teaching. The cultivation of aesthetic ability lies in teachers guiding students to actively participate in music practice activities, from which they can perceive the emotions expressed by music and produce spiritual resonance. If students want to have the ability to evaluate and judge the social and artistic value of a musical work, they must distinguish what is beautiful and what is ugly from the theme, content, genre and style of the musical work, because this is the basis for measuring the social and artistic value of the musical work. For example, March of the Volunteers, an impassioned and inspiring middle school student association, shows the majestic momentum and winning belief of China people's unity and struggle for building a socialist modern power and realizing tomorrow's communism. Revolutionary traditional songs have strong ideological content. Its effect is more infectious and interesting than boring theoretical preaching. As a channel to cultivate a new generation of social morality, we can explore a good way to cultivate music, let students master relevant knowledge and skills, deeply understand the beauty of content, form, emotion and expression of music works, and then improve their ability of music appreciation and evaluation. In music appreciation teaching, if the teacher's position is "supreme", students are blindly required to follow the teacher's ideas, which restricts students' thinking and creative ability. Because our teaching purpose is not only to give students knowledge, broaden their horizons, improve their appreciation ability, and explore, discover and discover the beauty of music in the process of appreciation, but also to cultivate students' ability to analyze, appreciate and evaluate works independently. Music criticism needs courage. Teachers should give students enough courage. Let students understand that mistakes are the starting point of maturity. In this way, every student dares to express his own views on the work and put forward different opinions, so that he can evaluate the work artistically according to his own wishes and treat the evaluation as a happy thing. In teaching, I adopted the form of CCTV's "Tell the truth" column. First of all, telling the truth provides students with the courage to express their own evaluation and feelings about the work. So in class, after each group's performance, it is necessary to conduct self-evaluation, others' evaluation and the teacher's summary. Self-evaluation is mainly to introduce the design concept by the members of their own group; The evaluation of others is that the students who watched the performance found their own advantages and disadvantages; Finally, the teacher made a summary. In this way, students can not only know themselves, but also evaluate themselves through others, so as to give full play to their own advantages, absorb the advantages of others, improve their own shortcomings, better devote themselves to learning, and finally effectively enter the aesthetic state of music.
Music education takes aesthetics as the core. We should follow the characteristics of students' age and emotional development, create situations, create a good range of music appreciation, use multimedia for teaching, carry out various comprehensive activities, enrich emotional experience, and let students' emotions sublimate in music appreciation.