Chapter one: The essence of higher education.

1. Definition: Higher education is a professional education based on complete secondary education, and it is a social activity to cultivate all kinds of senior professionals.

2. People generally regard European medieval universities as the beginning of modern higher education.

3. Medieval universities mainly organized education and teaching around four disciplines: literature, law, medicine and theology. Among the four subjects, based on literature, I studied seven arts, including Latin and grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and music. Law, spirit and medicine are advanced disciplines.

4. The gross enrollment rate of talent education < 15% mass education 15%-50% mass education > 50%.

In America, all education after middle school is called higher education.

6. The concept of higher education in the Higher Education Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) is: The higher education mentioned in this Law refers to the education implemented on the basis of the completion of senior secondary education.

7. From the nature of higher education, higher education is a kind of professional education, which is an activity to cultivate senior talents according to the professional division of labor.

10 and during the 1980s, the core courses of Harvard's general education included literature and art, science, historical research, social analysis, moral thinking and foreign culture, aiming at cultivating educated Americans.

1 1. The tradition of "learning officials" and the establishment of official schools in ancient China are concrete manifestations of using education as a political tool.

12, the economic function of higher education?

13, Schultz's human capital theory P 10

14, the relationship between higher education and science and technology? P 12

15, the function of talent training began in ancient times, developed and perfected in medieval universities in Europe, and is also the most basic function of modern universities.

16, the emergence of higher education can be traced back to the "college" in ancient Greece; In China, higher education can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Gong Xue, Xia Ji; The academy that began in the Tang Dynasty (Li Zheng Academy, first built in 7 17, and later changed to Jixian Temple Academy) is another type of institution of higher learning in China.

17. The earliest medieval universities are: University of Salernitana, Harvard College, 1636.

The universities established in China in modern times are: Tianjin Chinese and Western School, Beiyang University Hall, Nanyang Public School and Shi Jing University Hall.

18, the purpose and direction of running a medieval university decided that its function was basically to train specialized talents, but scientific research universities did not find their own position and reasons for existence.

19, the background of developing scientific function is 18 10, when Humboldt's Berlin University was founded. The basic principles of Berlin University are "university autonomy and academic freedom" and "the principle of the unity of teaching and scientific research"

20. The social service function of universities originated from the promulgation of 1862 Morelle Act, which triggered the land-grant college movement in the United States.

2 1, the functional system of modern universities?

(1) Cultivating specialized talents is the basic function of modern universities. (2) Developing science is an important function of modern universities; (3) Social service is an extension of modern university functions.

22. What are the forms of universities serving the society?

(1) Teaching service (2) Science and technology service (3) Information service (4) Equipment opening service.