We are concerned about the present situation and future development of education, so we put forward the "four-stage education theory" for people from all walks of life to refer to. This paper only outlines its main points, hoping to attract more attention and development, and is willing to encourage parents and teachers who care about education to practice. Today, this paper focuses on moral and wisdom education, hoping to supplement the current school knowledge and skills education, so as to cultivate modern China people with deeper cultural literacy, richer knowledge and more harmonious and sound body and mind.
The first stage: the cultivation of children-the establishment of a good personality
As we all know, the age from zero to three is the stage of "the highest plasticity and the easiest to teach" in a person's life. It is the golden age of education, but it is a pity that ordinary parents often miss it. How to draw the most beautiful case on this pure white paper and build a long-term and upright rock foundation is an important topic that parents all over the world should care about together.
Looking back on life, we all feel the same way: "A leopard cannot change his spots." . We can say for sure that the most difficult person in life is habit; Once a good habit is formed, it will benefit you all your life, otherwise it will be painful. Therefore, the first stage of "parenting" education is particularly important. During this period, children have little ability to learn independently, but their pure hearts can fully absorb all the information around the outside world with a high degree of intuition, just like a mirror taking pictures, and accept it indiscriminately. At this time, it is an important and decisive period that constitutes the basis of their temperament and personality in their lives. At this time, education depends on parents' initiative to give correct guidance.
After correctly understanding the characteristics of children's learning, we suggest that parents educate in the most relaxed and simple way. This paper briefly introduces some methods for reference. If you can draw inferences from others and be skilled, it is not difficult to grasp the essence of children's parenting education. For example, when parents hold their children in their arms or play with them, they often gently praise them with a happy mood: "You are the most filial child, the kindest child, the most generous child, the most cheerful child, the cleverest child, the healthiest child, the most diligent child and the most fond of reading ...". In addition, parents can often play beautiful Chinese and western classical music to cultivate their children's elegant temperament.
Creating a good educational atmosphere and learning environment is an important factor affecting the sound development of children's personality. Therefore, what qualities (fruits) parents hope their children will have in the future, and how to praise and affirm their children (causes) now, so that happy praise and affirmation several times a day will inevitably be deeply impressed into their pure hearts and form their personality traits throughout their lives. The formation of good habits and the establishment of good personality are unconsciously completed in the relaxed and pleasant praise and affirmation of parents; Children with good nature will develop more self-confidence and perfection after such praise and affirmation; Children with low temperament need more praise and affirmation from their parents to make up for it, so as to correct or alleviate their bad habits invisibly. This is the secret of preschool education. Wise parents, please don't miss this short three years!
The second stage: children's enlightenment-the cultivation of sage wisdom
When the child grows up, he has gradually learned to use the language and his learning ability has gradually improved since he was four years old. At this time, it is time to connect with the education of "cultivating honesty from an early age". Cultivating honesty means cultivating their correct thoughts and behaviors. Whether it is psychological research or the experience of ordinary people growing up, we all know that children between the ages of four and thirteen still rely on their parents because of their weak understanding and underdeveloped knowledge, and because they are not deeply involved in the world, their hearts are still pure, which is the most memorable stage in their lives. How to grasp the particularity of his memory and improve his education in order to receive the long-term effect of lifelong benefit is the most educational problem worthy of profound reflection.
The ancient sages were far-sighted, and invariably chose the Four Books and Five Classics, Laozi and Zhuangzi as the main teaching materials, and the beautiful ancient poems recognized by the past dynasties as the auxiliary teaching materials to teach children to read repeatedly and encourage them to recite. So give full play to his memory and recite the most valuable classics. Pure in heart, he often comes into contact with the aboveboard wisdom of sages, which exerts a subtle influence on his temperament. The eternal value of classics will also be accompanied by the growth of his life experience, and the fragrance and brilliance will help him overcome the adversity in life. Long-term reading and training will cultivate his ability to read ancient prose silently, leaving him with the treasure of Chinese cultural wisdom of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism to explore. He is convinced that this will cultivate his soul, broaden his mind and correct his conduct. Reading one more book like this will benefit you, and even reading one more sentence will have the effect of one sentence. The long-term effect of this lifelong benefit is to plant roots in the stage of reading classics to children. Ten years is easy, but a lifetime is rare. Don't wait in vain.
As for how to teach children to read classics, the method is simple. As long as parents are good at using their spare time to guide, encourage or praise their children to read and familiarize themselves repeatedly, they will naturally recite fluently. If parents can take time out to accompany their children to study, it is not only good for themselves, but also the best parent-child growth activity. According to the experience of the older generation, if we can grasp these ten years with the best memory, as long as we can read and recite for 30 minutes every day, it is easy to recite twenty or thirty books, and we can also use the winter and summer vacations to review and strengthen them. Please refer to the "Guidance Manual for Children's Bible Reading Education" written by Dr. Wang Caigui, which has a detailed and wonderful play. )
The third stage: the ambition of young people-the stimulation of ideals and ambitions.
/kloc-after the age of 0/3, teenagers' knowledge has gradually expanded, their understanding has also developed significantly, and they have gradually separated from their parents' care. It's time for them to study happily and independently. At this time, we will enter the education stage of "young people's aspirations". Cultivating ambition refers to inspiring their courage to pursue lofty ideals and cultivating macro lofty aspirations.
Confucius said that "I am determined to learn nine times out of ten" is a model for young people in China to learn. It is suggested that teenagers in junior and senior high schools should choose or provide the following extracurricular reading materials in addition to normal school assignments and books on subjects of special interest to encourage them to read:
1, biographies of all kinds of great men at home and abroad.
2. A model story of loyalty, filial piety and righteousness, and deep understanding of cause and effect.
3, all walks of life adhere to the ideal, and strive to cultivate an example of constant struggle.
If you can have extensive contact with the above books and be familiar with them, you can find out the objects you admire most and are willing to imitate, which can best stimulate young people's lofty aspirations. With this positive force, it not only ignited the enthusiasm of young people, but also established firm confidence; Because teenagers are at the stage of conceiving their own future direction, it is most necessary to agree with the model of imitation at this time to encourage them to establish lofty ideals and the courage to persist in their ideals and struggle.
The fourth stage: adult moral cultivation-the development of real life
When I am an adult, I will enter the society to give full play to my expertise and get married, try my best to stand on my own feet, and then help the backward people to build a person. In the future, in the process of dealing with more and more people and more complicated personnel, no matter how difficult and comprehensive it is, it will be complete. Therefore, we need to constantly reflect on our own shortcomings and improve ourselves in order to gain benefits. Treat people with sincerity everywhere, always be convenient and altruistic, and cultivate one's morality by accumulating goodness.
If we have a deeper understanding that the ego is just a drop in the ocean and what we have learned is only a drop in the ocean of knowledge, then we can always remain humble and follow the spirit of Mr. Yuan Lefan in the Ming Dynasty to improve and enrich ourselves and purify society. However, Xiu De's career is endless, and the three of us must have a teacher, so that we can devote ourselves to practice and progress anytime and anywhere. As long as our self-life can develop gradually, the world in front of us will be full of vitality. Therefore, when we are adults, we will cultivate morality and make this life infinitely upward and endless. (At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Yuan Lefan Jinshi had four letters to exhort future generations, called Four Lectures on Family Studies, which was widely circulated in later generations and regarded as a family heirloom, and was indeed a masterpiece worthy of repeated reading).
If our society is like a big garden, then every newborn baby is like a newly unearthed seedling, which needs parents to water the seedling with love and four stages of education. I am convinced that a big garden with trees, flowers and delicious fruits will naturally appear in front of everyone.