First, the basic knowledge of combustion

1, combustion, commonly known as fire, refers to the chemical reaction of combustible substances with oxygen or oxidant to release heat, usually accompanied by flame and smoke. A disaster caused by burning out of control in time or space is called a fire.

2. When any substance burns, there is a process from an unburned state to a burning state. There are three necessary conditions in this process, namely, combustible, combustion-supporting substance and ignition source, which must interact with each other.

Second, the type of combustion and the conditions of fire formation.

1, the types of combustion can be divided into flash, fire, spontaneous combustion, explosion, etc.

2. Conditions for the formation of fire: there must be fire source, combustible materials and combustion-supporting materials.

Three, fire prevention is to eliminate the conditions of burning.

1, control flammability.

2, separated by combustion-supporting materials.

3, eliminate the ignition source and other measures to destroy the combustion conditions.

Four, the type of fire and the choice of fire extinguishers

1, Class A refers to carbon-containing solid fire. Clear water fire extinguisher, foam extinguisher and ammonium phosphate dry powder fire extinguisher (ABC dry powder fire extinguisher) can be selected.

2. Class B refers to flammable liquid fire. You can choose dry powder fire extinguishers (ABC dry powder fire extinguishers) and carbon monoxide fire extinguishers. Foam extinguisher is only applicable to oil fires, not polar solvent fires.

3. Class C refers to combustible gas fire. You can choose dry powder fire extinguisher (ABC dry powder fire extinguisher) and carbon dioxide fire extinguisher.

4. Class D refers to metal fire. At present, there is no effective fire extinguisher, which is usually sand.

5. Class E refers to the fire burning with electricity. You can choose dry powder fire extinguisher (ABC dry powder fire extinguisher) and carbon dioxide fire extinguisher.

Five, the basic method of fire fighting

1, isolation method: isolate or remove the burning place or object from the surrounding combustible materials, and the combustion will stop due to lack of combustible materials.

2. Asphyxiation method: prevent air from flowing into the combustion zone or dilute the air with non-combustible substances, so that the combustion products can not get enough oxygen and go out.

3. Cooling method: Spray the fire extinguishing agent directly on the combustible to reduce the temperature of the combustible. When the temperature of combustion products drops below its ignition point, combustion stops.