How to cultivate children's good study habits

Successful education begins with the formation of habits. The core of education is not only to impart knowledge, but to learn to be a man. Habit is the capital that one stores in the nervous system. If a person develops a good habit, he will never use up its interest all his life.

Recently, Sun Yunxiao, an expert from China Youth Research Center, pointed out: "Habit determines the fate of children." The power of habit is enormous. Once people form a habit, they will unconsciously run on this track. If this is a good habit, they will benefit for life. Childhood is the best time to cultivate habits. There is a formula: one kilogram of strength for early education = one ton for later education. Explain the importance of early education. For example, a few years ago, dozens of Nobel Prize winners got together, and the reporter asked one of the Nobel Prize-winning scientists, "Which university did you learn the most important thing?" The scientist said calmly, "In kindergarten." "What I learned in kindergarten." "Learn to give half of your own things to your partner, don't take things that don't belong to you, put things in order, apologize for doing wrong things, and observe things carefully." The scientist's unexpected answer directly shows that good habits formed in childhood are of decisive significance to a person's life, and of course, so is the formation of study habits.

1. What is a study habit?

Learning habits refer to the special tendency of children to carry out certain activities automatically in certain learning situations. In other words, at a certain time, children will learn automatically.

For example, a teacher's child goes to Shanghai to take part in a national competition. After the teacher who led the team came back, he said with emotion: On the boat that day, after dinner, the students all went to the deck to see the scenery. After a while, it was time to do my homework without anyone prompting or asking. The teacher's child went to the cabin alone, took out his books and began to study.

I am also very touched by my son. My son is learning Go. From the first day of learning Weiqi, I insisted on practicing Weiqi and played Weiqi with him after 7 o'clock every day. It has been more than nine months now. Come home late occasionally, let him take a bath and sleep. I didn't tell him not to play Go today, but my son would take the initiative to remind me: "Mom, I didn't play Go today." It is these months that he has formed a habit, and at this time, he will do it.

Second, how to scientifically guide children to develop habits?

Professor Sun Yunxiao's formula is to cultivate good habits and use addition; Overcome bad habits by subtraction.

How to cultivate a good addition habit? For example, cultivate children's habit of drawing, let him draw a rabbit today, a rabbit eating grass tomorrow, draw more grass or grass, draw some flowers on the grass the day after tomorrow, and draw white clouds and the sun in the sky the day after tomorrow. With the increase of this day, the good habit of painting will naturally develop.

How to overcome bad habits by subtraction? It is normal for children to sit on the bench. A careful mother observed her son doing homework, drinking water and peeing for a while, and coming out four or five times in less than an hour. The mother did not rush for success, but gave her child a suggestion before doing her homework the next day: do what she should do before sitting down. I think it is ok for you to come out three times when you are doing your homework. The child really goes out less once with the encouragement of his mother; A few days later, the mother proposed to reduce it again, and the child easily reduced it again. Parents' requirements are gradually reduced until children can concentrate on their homework, which not only helps children overcome bad habits, but more importantly protects their self-confidence. The formation of good habits is not overnight, but long-term persistence.

Some parents have reported that my children are inattentive in class, uninterested in reading, careless in observing things and poor in memory. These are all factors that affect the formation of children's good study habits.

In view of the confusion caused by parents and children's bad study habits, this paper introduces some family education methods to parents from five aspects: the cultivation of learning interest, the training of attention, the cultivation of reading habits, the cultivation of active study habits and the training of memory:

(A), to cultivate children's interest in learning

Children's interests often arise at an early age. Children's interests often have their own uniqueness at different ages because of their different qualities. The development and performance of a child's interest is often a harbinger of his talent and quality. Parents should always ask their children what their interests are and guide them to develop their interests continuously. A scholar once compared a child's interest in learning and upward enthusiasm to a small spark that parents scatter in their children's hearts. When parents light this fire in their children's hearts, it is like facing a pile of firewood that needs to be lit. It will blow out when the wind is strong. When the wind is weak, it will not burn. The firewood is too tight and too loose to catch fire. At this time, you should take good care of this small flame, "coax" it to ignite a little bit, flourish, and finally become a raging fire.

So, how to cultivate children's interest in learning in family education?

1, enhance learning fun and cultivate direct interest.

Yang Zhenning, a famous physicist, once said: He disapproves of people saying that he studies hard because he never feels "bitter" in his studies. Instead, he experienced endless "happiness". If learning can bring happiness to children, then children will definitely like learning. The younger the child, the more direct his interest in learning. For example, some children like painting, perhaps because they are willing to draw on paper with colored crayons, watching the colored lines extend and expand on the paper, and his thinking and imagination are also wandering and rotating at will; It may also be that the teacher often praises him, although his painting is not very good. So, how can we make learning a happy thing?

First of all, praise more and criticize less. Be good at discovering the advantages of every child. Some parents keep silent "it's as simple as playing". They hate iron and don't know that good steel has been passivated in criticism. Over time, children always feel that they are poor, always make mistakes, and feel depressed about learning, so they hate learning. If the child is really wrong, of course, he should also criticize, so that the child can understand why the adults criticize him and let him understand the truth.

Secondly, let children have a successful experience from the beginning. Adults should let children master knowledge as much as possible and let them learn from scratch, which not only enhances their self-confidence, but also allows them to experience the joy of learning.

2. Clear the purpose of learning and cultivate indirect interest.

The experience of excellent parents also proves that the education of learning purpose should be linked with children's thoughts and reality, adhere to patient and meticulous positive education, and link learning purpose with life purpose through various vivid and infectious examples in order to receive good results. For example, some children are learning to dance. She doesn't like basic dance practice and can't stand pain, but she is interested in the results of learning dance and participating in various performances. This interest can encourage children to engage in basic dance practice activities. Therefore, parents should not only make full use of their children's direct interests and stimulate their children to study hard, but also improve their indirect interests through education for learning purposes. Many psychologists have realized the active role of interest in activities. Piaget, a Swiss child psychologist, described interest as "the regulator of energy". Pan Wei, a famous psychologist in China, believes that "interest is the most realistic and active component of learning motivation". If a child is interested in learning, it can stimulate his enthusiasm for learning and push him to get good grades in his studies.

3. Use children's curiosity to cultivate interest in learning.

Children are curious, eager for knowledge and active. Adults should make full use of them to stimulate children's interest in learning. Some children take the alarm clock apart, and some children keep asking why. If parents don't understand their children's characteristics, they regard it as mischief. Taking a critical, cold and indifferent attitude towards their children will damage the growth of their wisdom buds and dampen their enthusiasm for knowledge. In addition, you should actively answer your child's questions. If not, you can tell him to find out first and then tell him, but when it comes to doing it, you must not perfunctory. If his parents cheat him, he won't ask questions that his children don't understand in the future, which will hurt their enthusiasm and curiosity.

4. Create an external environment conducive to cultivating interest in learning.

Only fertile soil can produce good crops, and only a good family environment can cultivate extremely intelligent children. First of all, parents should set an example and love learning. Parents are their children's first teachers, and teaching by example is more important than teaching by example. If parents urge their children to study hard, but often play mahjong all night, then the child is probably not interested in how to study hard, but how to play good cards; I'm afraid this is not scientific knowledge but a trick. If parents hold a book and a cup of tea after dinner, sit at the table and write on the table, children will often read and study.

(B), effective attention training

Good attention is an important factor that cannot be ignored with children's growth. Developing good attention in early childhood is the basis of achieving a career when you grow up, but children are naturally active and playful, so it is difficult to concentrate on something. Therefore, in the targeted training of "concentration", we must create a "step by step, unexpected" gradient, so that children's minds will not gradually fade. Here are some experiences to cultivate children's attention:

1, repeat the exercise.

Let the child read for 5- 15 minutes (control the time according to the child's age), close the book immediately, and let the child "retell" the story according to your requirements. In order to prevent children from grasping your requirements, the content of "retelling" can be flexible: for example, you can ask several main questions, who is in the book and what you are doing. What color clothes do people or animals wear in the book? What else is in the book? Children can draw images of the animals they see. Finally, let him read the book again. After several times, the child will gradually understand the necessity of concentration.

2, jigsaw puzzles and jigsaw puzzles

This is the most effective concentration exercise in two-dimensional space, which requires children to keep continuous judgment, observation, imagination and analysis for a long time. Moreover, the challenge of this game will bring children a sense of accomplishment, which is a great motivation for children to focus on the end. When my son was 2 or 3 years old, I bought the simplest puzzle. I showed it to him myself at first. Then, slowly, he can spell by himself. Then, he bought some puzzles with more building blocks and a cube puzzle for him to look at. At this time, he will concentrate on looking at pictures and doing puzzles. Sometimes in order to increase his interest, I will compete with him or my son to spell it quickly, so that he will be more interested.

3. Domino practice

About 70% children who can't concentrate have made great progress in patience through this domino game. Domino training is actually a kind of training to test how long a child can persist in an action-in the future, we can't expect all the learning subjects that children face to be changeable, interesting and challenging. Will repeated training make children commit "old problems"? Domino training is excellent exercise regardless of the specificity of the mind and the duration of concentration, and the thrill of knocking down dozens or even hundreds of dominoes in an instant can also encourage children to be tolerant of the "monotony" of training, only