Keywords: junior high school music teaching, aesthetic ability, significance, effective methods
The core of music aesthetic education is the cultivation of aesthetic ability, and music aesthetics is an important emotional intelligence cultivation process in the process of students' growth. It is necessary to guide students to establish a correct musical aesthetic concept and comprehensively improve their musical aesthetic ability. One of the most basic conditions for cultivating students' musical aesthetic ability is the content of music teaching itself, which requires teachers to pay attention to choosing music or songs with good appreciation value and can stimulate children to discover musical aesthetic feeling. Select some typical materials that can show the spirit of music culture, absorb excellent works of different styles to the maximum extent, let students know the expressive force of music in teaching, and help students gain aesthetic experience in learning music. Excellent music teaching needs teachers to guide students to feel the beauty of rhythm and melody, and appreciate the beauty that music gives to life and nature. School music teaching has a long way to go. As the implementer of the new curriculum, teachers should give full play to students' subjective role in middle school music teaching, deepen the reform of music classroom teaching, change teaching concepts and methods, highlight students' subjective position in music classroom, respect students' subjective position in classroom teaching, use vivid and flexible teaching methods, activate students' thinking, release students' internal potential, actively guide students to participate in music learning, and improve their aesthetic taste and ability.
First, the significance of cultivating students' aesthetic ability in junior high school music teaching
Aesthetic education, also known as aesthetic education, refers to forming a beautiful artistic image through beautiful timbre, beautiful harmony, beautiful rhythm and beautiful melody in music teaching, and then bringing the educated into the artistic palace of truth, goodness and beauty through teaching activities such as playing, singing and appreciating excellent music works. Music education should focus on aesthetics, which mainly affects the emotional world of the educated. The fundamental value of music course lies in cultivating the aesthetic ability of the educated by listening to and expressing music and related music creation activities. Junior high school students are in the initial stage of the formation of values and aesthetics. Good music teaching can improve students' perception, expression and comprehensive quality. This paper expounds how to cultivate students' aesthetic ability in middle school music teaching, so as to provide useful reference for future music teaching.
(A) the cultivation of aesthetic ability is an inevitable requirement for the full implementation of quality education.
The main task of middle school music teaching is to cultivate music art appreciators with certain music art accomplishment and aesthetic ability. Paying attention to and strengthening students' aesthetic ability in the process of music teaching is an important embodiment of quality education in middle school music teaching. Music teaching in middle schools needs teachers to firmly grasp students' aesthetic experience and regard music teaching as a process of students' aesthetic perception and discovery. Teachers should pay attention to cultivating students' interest and hobby in music through music teaching, comprehensively improve students' ability, expressiveness and creativity to appreciate music, improve students' musical literacy and cultivate students' musical sentiment. For junior high school education, the cultivation of aesthetic ability is one of the important manifestations of moral education, an important manifestation of improving students' artistic accomplishment and cultivating students' good character, and the only way to fully implement quality education. For teachers, the most important thing is to actively guide students to discover the beauty in the music world. For students, with the guidance and help of teachers, we should give full play to subjective initiative, actively experience and feel the beauty of music, and get some enlightenment and sentiment in thought and emotion.
(B) to further improve the concept of music teaching.
Music education has its unique aesthetic value, which requires teachers to establish an educational concept centered on students' music aesthetics and put the experience of students' aesthetic ability first. At present, influenced by some unscientific methods of traditional educational thought, music course has always been a non-examination subject, which leads to the separation of students' music education and students' aesthetic ability in middle school, and there are serious problems in music teaching thought The essence of music education is aesthetic education. Music education with aesthetic education as the core is conducive to further improving the concept of music teaching and cultivating students' interest in music. Improve students' musical cultural quality and aesthetic ability; Make students become people with noble sentiments, perfect personality and all-round development. Combined with the understanding of music curriculum standards, teachers are further guided to understand the important content of implementing quality education at present, and the strategies and modes of music classroom teaching are explored. With the continuous promotion of aesthetic teaching, teachers can adopt a series of effective methods to improve the timeliness of classroom teaching. By emphasizing the dynamic generation of knowledge and students' active construction, we can build an open, dynamic and new music classroom teaching model that can promote students' all-round development. In order to improve the timeliness of classroom teaching, teachers need to make full use of multimedia in music teaching, because multimedia tools play an important role in stimulating students' enthusiasm for learning music, promoting students' aesthetic experience and personality development, giving full play to teachers' role, improving teaching efficiency and socialization of music teaching.
(3) Change the tendency of over-specialization in music teaching.
The music curriculum standard puts forward that we should give full play to the unique charm of music teaching, "present vivid and diverse teaching forms and methods with rich and substantial classroom content, and form students' lasting emotional attitude towards learning music". Summarizing the teaching experience, many teachers have become accustomed to the traditional routines of practicing vocal music, solfeggio, rhythm training and learning music scores and lyrics because of the long-term influence of the classroom teaching mode of "teaching singing". Students are still running like a top with the teacher's baton, and they will only keep some curiosity and pleasure in music class, and their satisfaction with learning can only be obtained through individual singing, group singing and collective singing in the last ten minutes of class. This teaching method is single, with little information and activities, and the teaching process lacks artistry and creativity. The teaching mode can't fully reflect students' practical ability and innovative spirit, and can't meet the requirements of the rapid development of society for education, which seriously restricts the development of music teaching to a higher level. At present, the specialization tendency of junior high school music teaching is particularly serious. It pays more attention to students' mastery of music skills and music theory knowledge, but ignores the cultivation of students' aesthetic ability of music, which also violates the principle of music aesthetic education. The purpose of music education in middle schools is to cultivate students' good musical literacy and aesthetic ability. Paying attention to the cultivation of students' musical aesthetic ability is conducive to changing the current situation of serious professional tendency of music teaching. In middle school music teaching, we should not emphasize the mastery of music skills as we do with professional students, but should attach importance to children's listening, singing, dancing and other music practices.
Second, in music teaching to improve the aesthetic ability of middle school students an effective way
Music teaching is an important part of middle school basic education, a basic course of school art education and an important content and way to implement aesthetic education. Music class conveys and communicates the feelings and thoughts between teachers and students with its unique carrier and form. Stimulate middle school students' emotional experience of music with visual and auditory factors, and promote the healthy growth of middle school students' body and mind with the feeling of beauty. Combined with the further understanding of music curriculum standards, the main purpose of music teaching for middle school students should be to cultivate students' sentiment, cultivate students' beautiful hearts, make middle school students grow up healthily and comprehensively, and stimulate students' interest in learning should run through the whole teaching process.
(A) pay attention to the cultivation of students' interest in music learning.
"Music Curriculum Standard" points out: "Creation is the fundamental driving force for the development of art and even the whole social history, and it is an important embodiment of the function and value of art education. Music creation is full of charm because of its strong and distinctive personality characteristics. " In the process of music classroom teaching, teachers should deeply understand and conscientiously implement the concept of curriculum standards, and constantly explore and innovate teaching models; Improve the timeliness of classroom teaching and complete moral education. Due to the influence of intelligence and body and mind, students are in the transition stage from concrete thinking in images to abstract logical thinking. In order to make students truly understand music and achieve the goal of cultivating sentiment, classroom teaching requires that students' interest in learning music be stimulated through vivid pictures and interesting music according to their thinking characteristics, so that they can freely and fully imagine, experience and feel in beautiful music. Middle school students' music teaching should focus on the training of rhythm and intonation, and properly carry out music reading teaching, so that students can perceive the beauty of music in rhythm and melody, and seek and pursue their dreams from the beating music notation. We should pay attention to the cultivation of students' interest in learning, let them experience the fun and profound connotation of music learning, and then carry out aesthetic enlightenment education on students' body and mind.
(2) Actively create artistic conception and cultivate students' aesthetic consciousness.
Teachers can use situational teaching in classroom teaching, actively create artistic conception, run the situation through the teaching process, promote students' all-round improvement through the situation, and then integrate singing, activity training and appreciation into specific life situations, lead students to experience the charm of music in participation, feel the joy of learning, and enable students to master the skills and skills of music and develop their musical expression ability. In actual teaching, teachers should pay attention to the cultivation of students' autonomy and independence, guide students to actively participate in situations, let students experience spiritual pleasure, stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning music, and promote students' independent and personalized learning under the guidance of teachers. For example, in the classroom teaching of Animal Carnival by Saint-Sang, a foreign work, teachers can guide and encourage students to play all kinds of small animals on the stage, while other students clap their hands rhythmically to familiarize themselves with the lyrics. By grouping students, students can experience the rhythm of music in the situation. When students can accurately grasp the rhythm and intonation, they can sing together under the guidance of teachers, feel the happy mood in songs and the happiness in music, help students sing with correct and pleasant voices, improve their sense of accomplishment, show their personality and promote their personality development.
(3) Strengthen students' emotional experience and improve their appreciation ability.
Students' music appreciation ability is the ability to perceive aesthetic process and aesthetic object. To improve students' music appreciation ability, teachers need to guide students to fully grasp the rhythm of music and feel the image of music. In the design of classroom lead-in, music teachers should take the teaching content and students' characteristics as the starting point, so that students can improve their music appreciation ability in music experience and analysis. Music expresses and reveals one's feelings in the form of art, and expresses one's feelings with distinctive rhythm, beautiful melody, rich harmony and wonderful timbre. Therefore, music teaching should pay attention to the fact that learning music can directly touch students' emotional center, shock students' hearts, and have a positive impact on students' emotional world, ideological sentiment and moral concepts. The educational function of school music education is gradually strengthened unconsciously. Those students who have been influenced by music for a long time will have great changes in their temperament, spirit, temperament, ideology, way of thinking and even lifestyle. This change will form a stable psychological set, so that students can form a healthy psychology and develop good behavior habits. Therefore, school music education should aim at educating people, and strive to achieve the goal of educating people in an all-round way through music-assisted morality and intellectual pleasure.
(D) Pay attention to the cultivation of students' musical perception.
The melody of music is the carrier of the fantasy world, which is full of rich fragrance and colorful poems and paintings, but only through fantasy, imagination and understanding can we visit it and enjoy it. Music provides students with a vast fantasy world. Music teachers should be good guides of the world and cultivate more intelligent, high-quality and innovative healthy talents for the motherland. Pursuing the perception of music in teaching requires that teaching should focus on cultivating students' basic musical quality, changing teaching concepts and improving teaching methods. Starting from the characteristics of music class, teaching activities should pay attention to the perception of music and "cultivate the ears of music with music", so that music education can truly realize its educational function and play its due role in quality education. It is necessary to organically combine the universal participation of all students with the development of personalized teaching with different personalities, and adopt vivid and flexible teaching forms to provide students with the possibility and space to develop their personalities and let them feel positively. Combined with the further consideration of curriculum standards, teachers need to create a variety of learning situations and adopt a series of effective learning methods, so that students can grow up physically and mentally and their dreams can be released. For example, through independent inquiry mode and "expression method", students can actively participate in the study of music courses and find their own beautiful dreams independently and innovatively, thus playing a good guiding role in their physical and mental health.
Third, the conclusion
In a word, middle school music teaching is an important means and an effective way to cultivate students' aesthetic ability. Only by proceeding from the reality of students' physical and mental development, making feasible teaching and training plans, using various teaching and training modes, comprehensively grasping and implementing, and grasping the key of aesthetic education, can music teaching really play its practical role in quality education, let students perceive the truth, goodness and beauty of the world through music, and truly "let the notes moisten every child's heart". Music teachers should be both gardeners and bole. He should not only fully grasp the overall aesthetic education of students, but also explore the individual musical talent of students. Only in this way can we improve students' musical aesthetic ability and promote their all-round and lifelong development.
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