primary education
The primary school system is generally six years. Article 54 of the Education Law stipulates: "The proportion of national fiscal education expenditure to gross national product should be gradually increased with the development of national economy and the growth of fiscal revenue. The specific proportion and implementation steps are stipulated by the State Council. " Primary education is primary education, or basic education, which enables the educated to lay the foundation of cultural knowledge and prepare for their initial life. Usually refers to the first stage of education in a country's academic system, and the target is generally children aged 6 ~ 12. This kind of education is extremely important to improve the national cultural level, so all countries regard it as the goal of compulsory education or universal education when their economic and cultural development reaches a certain historical stage. According to the relevant provisions of the Compulsory Education Law promulgated by our government, it must be popularized throughout the country. All children over the age of six must receive education at school. The period of primary education is six years, and it is generally a full-time ordinary primary school. Courses offered include: ideology and morality, Chinese, mathematics, nature, history, geography, art, music, physical education and so on.
secondary education
It is a secondary general education and professional education that continues to be implemented on the basis of primary education and occupies an important position in the whole school education system. Schools that implement secondary education are all kinds of middle schools, mainly ordinary middle schools.
school education
Part of them undertake the dual tasks of sending all kinds of qualified freshmen to higher schools and cultivating labor reserve forces for national construction. Secondary specialized schools, including secondary technical schools and secondary normal schools, shoulder the task of training secondary professional and technical personnel for the national economic sector. Running all kinds of secondary schools has a direct impact on a country's education construction and the quality of labor force training, and affects the development and consolidation of all aspects of the country, so it is increasingly valued by countries all over the world. China's secondary education includes six years of general middle school, three years of junior high school and three years of senior high school, which provides students with comprehensive cultural and scientific knowledge and skills education. Secondary specialized schools recruit junior high school graduates and carry out professional and technical education in agriculture, industry, transportation, science and technology, health, finance and trade according to the needs of the country; Technical schools train skilled workers.
higher education
It is a variety of professional education based on secondary education.
culture
Culture is a very broad concept, and it is difficult to give it a strict and precise definition. Many philosophers, sociologists, anthropologists, historians and linguists have been trying to define the concept of culture from the perspective of their respective disciplines. However, there is no accepted and satisfactory definition so far. Generally speaking, culture is a social phenomenon, a product created by people for a long time, a historical phenomenon and a precipitation of social history. To be exact, culture is condensed in the material and dissociated from the material, such as history, geography, customs, traditional customs, lifestyle, literature and art, code of conduct, way of thinking and values. What a country or nation can inherit is generally recognized as an ideology that can be inherited in human communication.
science
Science originally refers to learning by subject, and later refers to studying various knowledge (such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, etc.) through careful classification. ) form a gradually complete knowledge system. It is a knowledge about the practice of discovery, invention and creation, and it is the general name of the knowledge system for human beings to explore, study and understand the changing laws of everything in the universe.
Science is an orderly knowledge system based on testable explanation and prediction of the form and organization of objective things. In an ancient and closely related sense, "science" also refers to the discipline itself that can reasonably explain and reliably apply knowledge. Professional practitioners of science are customarily called scientists.
Since classical times, science has been closely linked as a kind of knowledge. Scientific methods laid the foundation, emphasizing the reproducibility of experimental data and its results. In the early modern western world, "science" and "natural philosophy" can sometimes be used interchangeably. In the western world, until the17th century, natural philosophy (natural science) was regarded as an independent branch of philosophy, with the same origin as materialism.
In modern usage, "science" often refers to the pursuit of knowledge, which is not only a way of knowledge itself, but also often limited by the study of these branches that seek to explain the material world. In the17th century and18th century, scientists increasingly sought to formulate knowledge about natural laws, such as Newton's laws of motion. In the course of the19th century, the word "science" has been increasingly associated with the scientific method itself, in order to study the disciplinary methods in the natural world, including physics, chemistry, geology and biology. It was in the19th century that the word scientist was distinguished by naturalists as knowledge of nature and knowledge creation.
However, "science" continues to use a subject that represents reliable and teachable knowledge in a broad sense, which is reflected in modern terms, such as library science and computer science. This is also reflected in the names of some academic research fields, such as "social science" or "political science".