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Nowadays, the global digital economy is booming, and various emerging technologies emerge one after another. Cloud computing is one of them. From the initial rise to the gradual landing of cloud computing services in various industries, after ten years of golden development, it has maintained a high-speed growth trend and is regarded as one of the most potential markets in 2 1 century.
In 2020, a sudden COVID-19 epidemic once again detonated the cloud computing market.
Under the epidemic, staying indoors has brought about the outbreak of "online services". Schools carry out online teaching on various cloud platforms, and enterprises carry out video conferences on the cloud platforms for online collaborative work. Whether it is online teaching or online office, stable cloud services are needed to guarantee it. During the epidemic, traffic tests exposed problems such as congestion and traffic overload, which made people more clearly realize the importance of cloud technology and the shortcomings of the current cloud computing industry.
The epidemic will eventually end, but the changes brought by the epidemic to educational informatization will not stop. For schools and teachers, the past cloud is just an illusory concept. Now, the epidemic has forced every teacher and student to accept the online teaching experience. Teaching, teaching, practice, homework correction, home-school interaction ... everything is done in the cloud. The concept of cloud will no longer be an invisible mysterious technology, but will be printed in the hearts of teachers and students.
Of course, the penetration of cloud computing into education will not be limited to this, and the future impact of cloud on education industry is still a blueprint worthy of endless imagination.
After the rise of cloud computing technology, IT has become a "hot cake" for global technology and communication giants because of its convenient and flexible IT resource deployment and on-demand payment model. In just a few decades, it has developed rapidly and is even known as the infrastructure of the digital age.
Why is cloud computing a "star holding the moon" and what is its charm?
According to the definition of NIST of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, cloud computing uses virtualization technology to form server clusters in various regions, which can provide users with access to resources anytime and anywhere according to how much they spend and how much they pay. Integrated in a virtualized resource pool, users can obtain resources conveniently and quickly, without much management, and only communicate occasionally.
As early as 2006, Amazon announced a set of cloud computing services to the world, including EC2 (Elastic Computing Cloud) and Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service). Google officially released Google Drive on 20 12, which is a cloud storage service system. Subsequently, domestic Alibaba, Baidu, Tencent and so on. Various applications based on cloud computing platform are also built to provide users with cloud services.
The emergence of cloud computing has given IT resources greater advantages and made everything "within reach".
It has the characteristics of flexible expansion and strong flexibility, and users can share the resources stored on the Internet through the service platform.
Because of its virtualization characteristics, the stored content does not need to be reflected in the server or computer terminal, and everything is in the "cloud". As long as you can connect to the internet, you can get Internet resources at any time.
Compared with the traditional self-built computer room, cloud computing technology is flexible. Because there is no fixed application and dynamic allocation, users can easily enjoy cloud services without spending a lot of time and money, which saves the complicated operation processes in traditional operation and maintenance work, such as managing servers, deploying codes, installing databases, storing files, and maintaining load balance. Efficient automated operation and maintenance greatly saves operation and maintenance manpower and cost resources, so that employees can focus on their main business;
Moreover, the cloud computing system integrates computers and servers in various regions into a virtual environment and adopts the mechanism of multiple security authentication, which greatly improves the reliability of resources and services.
From the earliest private school education to the increasingly popular school education; From words and deeds to remote online classes, educational technology has been infiltrating and changing the form of education from scratch for thousands of years.
Let's first review the evolution of modern educational technology.
1990- 1999 is the pre-internet era. In this era, schools began to build local area networks, and some textbooks, test papers and textbooks were simply computerized. It also explores emerging communication technologies, such as radio and television and long-distance network lines.
2000-2009 is the era of PC Internet, and some single-point applications began to appear in the educational administration system, such as application platforms for examination papers and teaching materials. Multimedia projection, large-scale open online courses, distance online schools and other technical forms have also been applied to teaching.
20 10 years later, in the era of mobile internet, the influence of technology on the education industry has entered an upgrading stage. In 20 12, the state promulgated the strategy of "three links and two platforms", and educational informatization began to become a hot word in people's mouth, and more educational administration systems and teaching terminals entered schools.
From 20 15 to 20 19, the rise of cloud computing and software services has liberated users from the heavy and complicated management of computer resources. Education bureaus, primary and secondary schools, universities and other institutions began to build educational cloud platforms and smart campuses. At the same time, new modes such as live broadcast, flip classroom, cloud classroom and AI double-qualified teachers have been applied to the teaching scene, and educational administration and teaching have begun to enter the intelligent era together.
In recent ten years, people have seen the influence of technology on education gradually deepening. Then, as the starting point of the next decade, with the further development and application of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, 5G, Internet of Things, big data and other technologies, technology will not only continue to change the teaching process, but even reconstruct the boundaries and connotations of the campus. Both the classroom and the campus will become more "intelligent", and technology will really begin to "subvert".
With the rapid development of the global economy, people's consumption level is constantly upgrading, and people's demand for education is also characterized by diversification and personalization. Different from AI, big data technology directly affects all aspects of teaching practice and examination management, and the observability of 5G technology for the fluency of webcasting has also been frequently seen in newspapers in the past few years, which has been talked about by the industry.
Comparatively speaking, cloud computing, the underlying technology in the Internet age, has an intangible mystery because of its virtual and abstract attributes, and plays the role of "base" and "tray", which is often ignored by people, but its importance is undoubtedly self-evident.
For example, if AI, big data and other technologies are like sunshine and rain, making the forest of education more lush, then cloud computing is like supporting the soil under their feet, providing water and nutrients for educational technology changes. As a new technology model, cloud computing will bring great changes to the construction of educational informatization with its fast, safe and easy-to-popularize computing and data storage capabilities.
When cloud computing is applied to the education industry, the "education cloud" is born, that is, relying on the Internet to virtualize educational resources and systems, renting servers provided by cloud platform providers, and deploying their own resources and system architecture on the cloud platform.
On the "Education Cloud" platform, school administrators, teachers and students can easily share and download the required educational resources by accessing the Internet. Teachers can also store teaching materials, teaching courseware, teaching videos and other materials on the cloud platform, and students can easily obtain them through mobile terminals. At the same time, the digitalization of educational resources can pool the educational resources of various schools or institutions, break the information island and promote the efficient use of educational resources.
The education cloud platform can build a complete, reliable, high-quality and fast education network environment. Through the design of virtual desktop cloud terminal, teachers and students can communicate effectively anytime and anywhere through the cloud platform, freeing teachers, students and education administrators from the traditional teaching methods and promoting the comprehensive interaction between teaching and learning.
In addition to the digitalization of educational resources, cloud computing can also realize the digitalization of educational infrastructure and management, connect various systems and terminals, realize centralized management of platforms, and record students' learning trajectories through cross-terminal data collection and information mining analysis, thus promoting personalized teaching and creating an all-round smart campus.
In addition, an important advantage of the cloud platform is security. Its encryption and disaster preparedness functions can realize real-time automatic monitoring from physical layer, network layer to application layer to ensure data security. When the equipment fails, storing the data in the cloud and deploying it in multiple available areas can effectively avoid information loss and enable the school to quickly build a stable information architecture.
At present, major countries in the world have fully realized the basic role of cloud computing, and increased their support for the cloud computing industry, and the scale of the global cloud computing industry has been expanding. In recent years, under the dual promotion of policies and industries, the cloud computing industry in China has also ushered in the spring.
As early as 20 15, the government issued relevant policies to support the development of cloud computing industry.
20 15, 1 6, the State Council's Opinions on Promoting the Innovation and Development of Cloud Computing and Cultivating the New Format of Information Industry pointed out that by 2020, the application of cloud computing will be basically popularized, and the service capacity of cloud computing will reach the international advanced level.
20 17 April, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Three-year Action Plan for Cloud Computing Development and five key action plans to promote the development of the cloud computing market in China.
2065438+August 2008, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued "Guide to Promoting Enterprises to Go to the Cloud" to guide and promote enterprises to use cloud computing to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of digitalization, networking and intelligence.
In 2020, the central government will focus on "new infrastructure". As an important area of new infrastructure, the "data center" of 5G+ cloud computing will become the focus of China's economic work in the next stage.
Under the spring breeze of policy, China's cloud computing industry is in the ascendant, and new and old industries such as Internet, retail, finance, medical care and education are all promoting "going to the cloud".
20 19 July, IDC announced the global public cloud service provider Top 10, and China cloud vendors occupied the top four seats.
On May 8, 2020, IDC released the report "Market Tracking of Public Cloud Services in China", which showed that in the second half of 20 19, the overall market size of public cloud services in China (IaaS/PaaS/SaaS) reached US$ 6.96 billion. IaaS market grew by 60.9% and PaaS market by 76.3%.
According to the 20 19 white paper on the development of cloud computing industry in China, it is estimated that by 2023, the cloud computing market in China will exceed 300 billion yuan.
As a part of the new infrastructure, the future cloud computing will no longer be just a boring IT technology in people's minds, but will become "water and electricity" in all walks of life, and the connotation of cloud will be richer. New formats such as cloud office, cloud medical care, cloud education, and cloud court will continue to emerge, and the cloud will be further integrated into people's daily lives, and everything will no longer be a dream.
Compared with the landing of cloud computing in retail, finance, medical and other industries, the penetration of cloud in the field of education is still in its infancy, and the digital coverage of primary and secondary schools, universities and education bureaus in China is far from enough. Education based on cloud computing has a broad incremental market.
It is worth mentioning that regarding the relationship between education and technology, many domestic education experts and principals have also expressed a positive embrace attitude, which also means the infinite possibilities of cloud in the field of education.
Professor Ronghuai Wang, School of Educational Technology, Beijing Normal University:
In order to achieve the goal of "Education Modernization 2035", we can use intelligent technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, Internet of Things and cloud computing to accelerate the reform of teaching methods, teaching environment and talent training mode.
Han Jun, Deputy Director of Central Audio-visual Education Center:
Educational informatization has become a prominent feature and the only way of educational modernization. Through the integration of big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence, it is the purpose of education to promote the intelligent development of students.
Zhou Aoying, Vice President of East China Normal University, Dean of Intelligent+Research Institute and Professor of School of Data Science and Engineering:
In the digital economy, in the era of "data is power" and in the era of educational technology 2.0, we should explore an innovative road of linkage and integration of application, technology and scientific research. Through cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other technologies, relying on the upgrading of the underlying infrastructure of education, the accurate and efficient connection of educational resources is realized, thus realizing the efficient and personalized allocation of supply-side resources.
Facing the field of education, domestic cloud vendors such as Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud, Baidu AI Cloud and Huawei Cloud have all launched education-specific solutions to create a smart education cloud ecosystem and help schools, education bureaus and educational enterprises to realize digitalization. In addition to the entry of giants, some small and medium-sized cloud service providers and telecom service providers are also providing customized PaSS and SaSS capabilities for the education industry.
Cloud+Education is reconstructing the education industry with strong momentum. Cloud computing may become the next explosion point to change the education industry, and educational technology will usher in a magnificent new era.
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