Lesson preparation is the basis of good class, and the quality of teacher's lesson preparation determines the quality of classroom teaching. Therefore, teachers must prepare lessons well before carrying out teaching activities. Pupils' thinking is more active and their learning personality is more distinct. Therefore, facing the characteristics of students' own development, teachers should do a good job in preparing lessons from the following aspects: 1. Mastering students' original basic knowledge. The compilation of teaching materials in China requires teachers to adopt the teaching principle of step by step, and at the same time, it shows that students' learning in the previous stage is the premise and foundation for the smooth progress of later learning. Therefore, teachers need to master students' original knowledge before developing new courses and teaching new knowledge. Only in this way can they review and supplement in time and lay the foundation for learning new knowledge. 2. Study the teaching materials and give play to your subjective initiative. Textbooks are the main basis for teachers to carry out teaching activities and the main source for students to acquire knowledge. Therefore, teachers' interpretation of teaching materials has a very important influence on the improvement of teaching quality. When learning textbooks, primary school mathematics teachers need to integrate the knowledge structure and basic knowledge of textbooks into their own teaching system and adopt teaching methods acceptable to students to impart new knowledge. Therefore, this requires teachers to give full play to their subjective initiative, self-interpretation and self-construction of teaching materials. For example, when teachers teach multiplication knowledge, how to introduce multiplication and how to guide students to use multiplication to solve problems requires teachers to give full play to their subjective initiative to try teaching. 3. Make a good lesson plan. Teachers' teaching plans are closely related to students' progress in mastering knowledge. At the same time, teachers can fully realize the position and importance of this knowledge in the whole primary school mathematics learning, provide scientific guidance for teachers to carry out teaching and provide reference for the formulation of teachers' teaching plans. Therefore, math teachers should fully prepare lessons and lay a good foundation for the whole teaching work.

Second, improve the classroom teaching organization.

The success of classroom teaching organization can closely link all aspects of teaching. Therefore, teachers should strengthen their understanding of teaching organization in classroom teaching in order to improve the level of classroom teaching. The main methods of mathematics teaching in primary schools are teaching, talking and discussing. Faced with teaching methods, teachers should adopt appropriate methods to scientifically organize teaching activities according to teaching contents. For example, it is appropriate for teachers to organize teaching activities by talking when imparting practical knowledge. Because practical knowledge can be closely linked with the reality of life, it is the knowledge that students can use everywhere in their lives and the knowledge that students have practiced. Therefore, students have the experience base of talking with teachers, and teachers can also guide students to pay attention to the connection between life and knowledge in the process of talking. On the one hand, this way of organizing teaching can firmly grasp the attention of primary school students. There is no doubt that the attention duration of primary school students is 10 ~ 20 minutes because of the particularity of their own psychological development. Conversation can encourage students to follow the teacher's instructions step by step and keep great interest in the learning content. On the other hand, it can close the connection between knowledge and life and lay the foundation for students' knowledge transfer in the future. Therefore, in the process of teaching, teachers can effectively improve the quality and level of teaching by adopting appropriate teaching methods according to textbook knowledge and students' reality.

Third, the arrangement and feedback of students' homework.

Homework includes oral homework, written homework and operation homework in terms of its content. Combined with the reality of primary school mathematics teaching, teachers should give priority to written homework when assigning homework. The assignment and correction of homework is an integral part of the teaching process and a continuation and supplement of classroom teaching. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to the arrangement and correction of students' homework. Nowadays, the intelligence level of students has generally improved, and some parents have asked their children to attend math remedial classes since primary school. Therefore, the uneven level of students' mathematics learning is a problem that teachers should pay attention to when assigning homework. In order to solve this problem, teachers need to adopt scientific methods to treat the workload and difficulty of homework differently. For students with strong learning ability, arrange more questions that can improve their ability to answer questions. Of course, the mastery of their basic abilities should not be taken lightly. For students with poor learning ability, it is advisable to master the basic knowledge and increase the difficulty of homework in the gradual cultivation of their ability. Only in this way can we fully consider the different actual conditions of students, teach students in accordance with their aptitude and promote personalized teaching. In addition, the feedback of students' homework is a non-intellectual factor that affects the teaching quality, and it is a teaching problem that teachers need to pay attention to. As mentioned above, teachers need to combine students' learning ability, assign homework of different quality and quantity, carefully correct students' homework and give timely feedback. Only in this way can teachers further grasp the students' learning situation, and students can further improve their learning methods, correct their own learning problems in time and continuously improve their ability to answer questions.

Fourth, establish a good teacher-student relationship.

Good teacher-student relationship is not only conducive to the development of teachers' teaching activities, but also can stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning and make them feel happy and satisfied in their studies. Pupils are different from junior high school students and senior high school students, and their self-control ability is relatively low, which requires the supervision and restraint of teachers. In the teaching process, math teachers need to fully understand each student's personality characteristics, combine students' study habits, and establish close ties with students. Establishing a good relationship between teachers and students in primary schools does not mean that teachers need to establish friendship with students, nor does it mean that a good democratic atmosphere is formed in teaching. Instead, in the process of teaching students, teachers let students sincerely recognize and like teachers' work. Primary school students' recognition of teachers can help them actively participate in teaching, and their love for teachers is a powerful driving force for them to learn this course well. Therefore, primary school teachers should pay attention to the way and attitude of communicating with students and establish a good teacher-student relationship with students in order to effectively promote the smooth development of teaching.

The teaching process is a complicated process, and the teaching effect is determined by many influencing factors. Therefore, when teachers carry out teaching activities, they must comprehensively analyze and understand the factors that affect the quality and level of teaching, and pay attention to the causes of problems and effective solutions in the teaching process. The same is true of primary education. In the teaching process, primary school math teachers need to prepare lessons well, choose appropriate teaching methods to organize teaching, pay attention to the arrangement of students' homework and the feedback of learning situation, and finally pay attention to the establishment and maintenance of good teacher-student relationship in the whole teaching process.