Around 1952, the adjustment of departments and colleges was large in scale, changed greatly and had great influence. There are different opinions about these two adjustments. Since this is an important event in the development history of higher education in New China, it is necessary to sum up its experience and lessons as a reference for today's higher education reform.
The adjustment of colleges and departments in colleges and universities in 1950s was a major turning point in the development history of higher education in China, which fully met the needs of national political, economic and cultural development under the background of that time.
From 65438 to 0952, New China adjusted the universities at that time with the "specialist model" as a template, mainly by merging and reorganizing universities according to the Soviet model.
This adjustment has fundamentally changed the pattern of higher education in China since the Republic of China. The speed, scope and reorganization of this adjustment are rare in the history of higher education.
Some scholars regard the adjustment of departments and colleges as a pure educational reform and hold a positive attitude towards it. Such scholars believe that the adjustment of colleges and departments not only changed the shortage of applied talents in China at that time, but also provided strong support and follow-up guarantee for the economic construction and development of China at that time.
However, some scholars still hold different views. They pointed out that the adjustment speed of colleges and departments was too fast, and the quality of personnel training was not included in the adjustment standards. At the same time, it is not considered in combination with the current national conditions, and the division of majors is too fine, which denies the "generalist education".
They pointed out that the adjustment of departments has changed the unique connotation of universities in the past, and some excellent comprehensive universities have been hit hard and lost their vitality. The number of universities split is far more than that after reorganization, the independence of universities is cancelled.
Scope and process of department adjustment
In the 1950s, the adjustment of departments began with small and medium-sized local and individual colleges 195 1 years ago. 19511010 In October, the Ministry of Education held a national conference of directors of industrial colleges in Beijing, which marked a large-scale reorganization and adjustment of departments in China. The large-scale adjustment of departments was carried out in three times, namely 1952, with emphasis on North China, Northeast China and East China.
1953 focuses on the central and southern regions, with major adjustments in North China, East China and Northeast China; 1955 to 1957 some universities or majors in coastal areas transferred to the mainland. Three large-scale adjustments were led by the Ministry of Education in a planned and organized manner.
From a macro point of view, it is not difficult to find that the three adjustments are focused and distinct. The competent unit held a meeting with the participation of relevant institutions, outlined the plan, discussed and revised it, and then began to adjust and reorganize, which ensured the effectiveness of implementation to a certain extent.
Refer to the above contents: China University 1952 Department Adjustment-Baidu Encyclopedia