Ebbinghaus: hermann ebbinghaus (1850- 1909), German experimental psychologist. He designed various methods to detect the connections formed in his research and measure the different strengths of various associations. He also compared the different speeds of learning meaningful materials and meaningless materials, compared the effects of different lengths of learning materials on learning speed, and investigated the effects of over-learning, centralized learning and decentralized learning. The most famous retention curve is the Ebbinghaus curve, which shows that forgetting occurs quickly first and then slowly.

Pavlov: (1849- 1936), Soviet physiologist and academician of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. 1904 won the nobel prize for his outstanding contribution to the physiological research of digestive gland. He studied in detail the neural mechanism formed by temporary connection and the development and decline law of conditioned reflex activity, discussed the basic neural processes-the diffusion and concentration of excitement and inhibition phenomena and mutual induction, and put forward higher nervous activity's type theory and two kinds of signal system theory.

Sigmund freud (1856- 1939) is an Austrian psychiatrist and the founder of psychoanalysis. Put forward Oedipus complex, that is, the emotional tendency of hating father and Oedipus.