First of all, a good environment is conducive to the healthy growth of students' minds.
To cultivate students' sentiment, purify their minds and guide their psychology, we must have a good environment to promote their all-round development and healthy growth.
(A) a school environment with a good learning atmosphere
To improve students' humanistic quality, make them happy physically and mentally, and cultivate their sentiment, we must first have a good campus environment. For example, put a few pots of flowers and plants in the corner of the classroom to make students feel comfortable and refreshing; The environment layout of the classroom should pay attention to the mutual collocation of color and content; In the specific classroom teaching process, students should be encouraged to inspire each other, encourage each other and improve together. Teachers should carefully organize such learning cooperation groups, and form after-school mutual aid groups according to students' interests, abilities and learning conditions, and adopt the principle of complementary differences and voluntary combination. You can ask questions you don't understand, including study, life, interest, psychology and emotion. Let's discuss them together and put forward our own explanations. In addition, under the encouragement and supervision of teachers, a "one-on-one" learning organization has been established for gifted students and underachievers, which has promoted the transformation of underachievers in learning.
(B) have a harmonious and optimistic family environment
Family is the cradle of children's growth, and it is also an important place to cultivate children's living habits, behaviors and quality interests. Human beings are the only animals in nature who know how to hint, and children are best at imitating, so what adults say and do will directly or indirectly affect children's psychology, and the meaning of hints is very disturbing. Bad and wrong education and lifestyle will lead children to form bad living habits and study habits. Some parents work outside and know nothing about their children's hobbies. They never care about their children's excellent performance, but they care about their mistakes and beat them up unequivocally.
Children who grow up in this environment are often grumpy, have low interest in learning, and often have conflicts with people around them. Therefore, schools should conduct family education guidance by holding parent-teacher conferences and establishing family education seminars, and publicize the knowledge of pedagogy and psychology to parents, so that parents can understand that it is far from enough for primary school students to rely solely on schools for mental health education. Family education is a comprehensive and long-term process, and its effect sometimes goes beyond the scope of school education. Most parents have received education above junior high school. They are generally open-minded and accept information quickly. They are better at learning the concept of modern education. As long as the school guides and teachers guide, parents will generally take the initiative to cooperate with the school and do a good job in family education. Parents can try to carry out mental health education for primary school students from the following aspects:
1. Caring for students' spiritual growth: Parents should establish an educational belief that caring for children's spiritual growth is more important than studying and taking exams. Teachers should actively contact parents, cooperate closely, and do a good job in both exhortation and encouragement. Students should not be criticized by teachers at school and aggravated by parents at home, which will hurt children's hearts and dampen their enthusiasm for learning.
After the teacher criticizes, it is necessary to get in touch with parents in time, so that parents can ease their children's emotions in time, resolve their psychological worries, analyze the reasons for the teacher's criticism, encourage children to correct their mistakes and shortcomings, face the teacher's criticism optimistically, and let children feel the warmth of their families and parents' arms.
Teachers and parents should grasp the yardstick of criticizing and encouraging tolerance, not too harsh or too tolerant. Healthy, sunny and optimistic personality can not be formed by reprimanding and doting. Moderate criticism and praise can more effectively promote the formation of children's good character than severe punishment or material reward. Praising children and restraining and criticizing their bad behavior complement each other. Therefore, the combination of criticism and encouragement is the foundation of children's happy life.
2. Parents must listen carefully to their children's demands: parents should talk to their children in an equal and caring manner, analyze their psychology from the child's point of view, give their children the opportunity to fully express their demands, listen carefully to their voices and guide them in time. For particularly introverted children, parents should communicate with their children more and encourage them to speak boldly. It doesn't matter if they are wrong. Parents can't ignore the existence of their children for any reason, let alone refuse to exchange feelings and ideas with their children for any reason. Fathers, in particular, must have patience and love, play with their children, study together, walk together, care about their concerns, guide their emotions and understanding in time, and help them grow up healthily.
3. Guide children to participate in group activities correctly: everyone is an individual in society. While guiding children to get close to nature, cultivate simple temperament and care for natural ecology, encourage children to participate in group activities, cultivate their sense of service and cooperation, such as summer camps, community public welfare activities, school-school friendship activities, such as visiting museums, etc., to experience colorful life and cultivate their healthy and perfect personality.
Second, teachers should pay attention to their own role models.
Pupils are good at imitation and worship. In their minds, the image of teachers is great. In their eyes, teachers are the spokesmen of love, knowledge, public trust and morality. Teachers' words and deeds are the highest standards of society, and they are examples for imitating and learning. Pupils will be "brainwashed" at the first time when certain behaviors occur. Therefore, in the usual education and teaching work, teachers should dress neatly and feel refreshed; Language should be kind and natural, and can be criticized, but not abused; Behavior should be warm and generous, often care and help students, not punish students, and create a good environment and atmosphere for students' mental health.
(1) Treat students sincerely and equally.
Nothing hurts more than the mind, especially the teacher has a great influence on the healthy development of students' psychology. Once students are often psychologically hurt by teachers or classmates, they tend to go to extremes, become indifferent, withdrawn and paranoid, deal with relationships impulsively, deviate from the rational track, and tend to be aggressive, vengeful and destructive, so as to vent their dissatisfaction with psychological injuries. In order to promote the healthy development of students' psychology, teachers must attach importance to students' psychological changes, treat students' mistakes equally and sincerely, and minimize the psychological harm to students. When encountering problems, we should think deeply from the perspective of students, listen carefully to their demands, observe them carefully, find topics to communicate with them as friends, and find the cornerstone of their development through communication.
(2) Keep jealousy away from students.
For students, jealousy not only affects their physical and mental health, but also affects their study. The contradiction between classmates is largely caused by jealousy. For example, if others get a high score, they say they know the answer in advance, or the teacher has tutored them in advance, which will easily arouse the resentment of other students. Everyone wants to avoid him, is unwilling to associate with him, and is gradually isolated.
Another example is "reporting" and spreading rumors because of jealousy of others' achievements, which has a bad influence on oneself and leads to a bad interpersonal atmosphere, thus gradually losing interest in learning, fighting in class and becoming a problem student. So teachers should help them in time.
First of all, we should provide students with opportunities to objectively understand and evaluate themselves and help them establish a correct life orientation. To educate students to fully understand themselves, we should not only see their own advantages, but also face up to their shortcomings, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, discover and develop their potential, constantly improve themselves and create a good learning atmosphere.
Secondly, we should divert students' jealousy. The jealousy of primary school students is mostly caused by the learning gap. If we guide students to correctly understand the causes of the gap, explore the motivation to make up the gap, turn jealousy into the spirit of active efforts, set a goal for themselves at each stage and keep making progress. With the progress of learning, jealousy will gradually weaken and disappear.
(3) Guide students to solve psychological problems from multiple angles.
The growth of students needs the guidance of teachers. Teachers should not only give students knowledge, but also grasp students from many aspects and guide them from many angles. You can try to solve the "uncontrollable students" from the following aspects.
1. Respect students' personality
Punishing criticism can easily lead to people's conscious psychology of impaired personality and self-esteem. In order to gain the respect of personality, people often oppose punishment and criticism in a confrontational way. In most cases, the reason why primary school students will develop into troublemakers is that the teachers' excessive punishment and criticism have hurt students' self-esteem. Therefore, teachers should first treat "uncontrollable students" from the perspective of respecting students' personality, discover their advantages and strengths, create a platform suitable for them to show their self-advantages, let students feel the teacher's care for him, place high hopes on him, experience the happiness of success and promote students' progress.
2. Adopt diversified educational methods.
For students who don't concentrate on their studies in class, who love to make small moves or even fight violently, the teacher's blind criticism sometimes produces better results. However, teachers and students will lose patience and confidence over time if the education methods remain unchanged in the face of different problems of students. According to his situation, the teacher might as well find out the deep reasons, analyze the reasons, stimulate his interest in learning from the perspective of respect and concern, help him find learning strategies, constantly give positive incentives, guide students to experience the joy of success, urge him to improve his enthusiasm for learning, establish self-confidence, let him feel the trust of the teacher, and gradually establish his consciousness of being a successful person, so that he will gradually embark on the right track of learning.
3. Learn to protect students' privacy
It is necessary to create an environment and atmosphere for students to feel safe in psychological testing and treatment, and use reasonable and ingenious "secret methods" to ensure the authenticity and credibility of the test. Let school mental health education be more effective, let students speak their minds without worries, and do a good job of confidentiality in time. As educators, we should protect students' privacy as much as possible.
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Teachers should correctly understand the importance of "mental health education for primary school students" to today's children's growth, make efforts to conduct in-depth research on the ways and means of education, create a better external environment such as campus, class and family, rationally use the contents of textbooks, harmonize the relationship between teachers and students, and attach importance to the construction of spiritual environment.
Grass-roots education in the era of big data puts forward higher requirements for the educational network combining school, society and family. When implementing the methods of mental health education for primary school students, we should try our best to combine home and school, teachers and students, and parents and teachers. We should skillfully use scientific methods to carry out psychological health interventions at different levels and in different ways for students with different personality characteristics, seek the most suitable methods and means for students' individual education, minimize students' inner contradictions, thus comprehensively improving students' psychological quality and gradually achieving the goals of learning to learn, learn to live and learn to be a man.
Mental health education for students is a long-term work. In the future, mental health education in primary schools may adopt various ways and diversified methods, which need further study by education experts and grassroots teachers. Grass-roots teachers should constantly strengthen their mental health and improve their psychological quality, so as to better help and influence the sunny development of students' mental health.