(1) The level of popularization and consolidation of compulsory education is still high, and free compulsory education in urban and rural areas has been fully realized.
Since 2005, the level of popularization and consolidation of compulsory education has remained high, and the net enrollment rate of primary schools in China has remained above 99%, exceeding the average level of 96% in developed countries. In 20 10, the gross enrollment rate of junior high schools nationwide reached 100. 1%, and the consolidation rate of junior high schools reached 94% in three years, which were 5. 1 percentage points and 1.02 percentage points higher than that in 2005, respectively. The goal of popularizing and consolidating compulsory education put forward in the "Eleventh Five-Year" education plan has basically been achieved.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council made great efforts to build and improve a new mechanism for ensuring funds for rural compulsory education. In 2006, all the tuition and miscellaneous fees of students in rural compulsory education in western China were exempted, and in autumn of 2008, all the tuition and miscellaneous fees in urban compulsory education were exempted, which marked the full realization of free nine-year compulsory education in China.
(2) Breakthrough progress has been made in the popularization of preschool education, and the planning objectives have been achieved as scheduled.
In 20 10, the scale of preschool education in China reached 29.767 million, an increase of 7.976 million or 36.6% over 2005. The gross enrollment rate reached 56.6% in the first three years, which was 15.2 percentage points higher than that in 2005. The eleventh five-year plan goal of "the gross enrollment rate for three years before school has reached more than 55%" has been achieved as scheduled.
(3) The scale of senior high school education is constantly developing, and the system structure tends to be reasonable.
In 20 10, there were 46.7 million students in senior high school education in China, an increase of 6.396 million over 2005, an increase of15.9%; The gross enrollment rate of high school education reached 82.5%, an increase of 29.8 percentage points over 2005. The enrollment of secondary vocational education is 868 1 10,000, accounting for 5 1.9% of the total enrollment of high school education, which is 8.2 percentage points higher than that of 2005. The 11th Five-Year Plan for Education puts forward the goal that "the popularization of high school education has been significantly improved, with the number of students reaching 4,565,438+million and the gross enrollment rate reaching about 80%, and the secondary vocational education is basically the same as that of ordinary high schools".
(d) The scale of higher education has exceeded 30 million, and the popularization level has been greatly improved.
In 20 10, the total number of students in all kinds of higher education reached 310.05 million, an increase of 8.05 million over 2005, with an increase of 35%, exceeding the planned target of/kloc-0.05 million. Among them, there are 22.32 million college students, an increase of 42.9% over 2005; The number of graduate students studying was 6.5438+0.54 million, a year-on-year increase of 56.9%; There were 5.36 million students in adult colleges and universities, a year-on-year increase of 22.9%. In 20 10, the gross enrollment rate of higher education in China reached 26.5%, 5.5 percentage points higher than that in 2005 and 1.5 percentage points higher than the planned target. Since 2007, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Finance have jointly launched the "Undergraduate Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Project" to promote the connotation development of higher education.
Adult education and training are booming, and lifelong learning has become a common practice.
In 20 10, there were 2.637 million registered students in higher education training, an increase of10.87 million compared with 2005, with an increase of 70.2%; The number of students enrolled in secondary education and training was 52910.9 million, an increase of 8 1 10,000 or 0.2% compared with 2005. In 20 10, there were 4.936 million registered students in national qualification certificate training, an increase of 445,000 over 2005; There are 5,665,438+4,000 registered students in the national post certificate training, an increase of 450,000 over 2005. The development of secondary and higher education and training provides a broader channel for lifelong education, which is of great significance to promoting people's lifelong learning and building a learning society in an all-round way.
(VI) The reform of the school-running system has been gradually deepened, and private education has developed rapidly in the non-compulsory education stage.
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, China's private education developed healthily and orderly, which played a positive role in meeting the diverse educational needs of the whole society. In 20 10, there were more than118,000 private schools at all levels in China (excluding educational institutions), nearly 42,000 more than in 2005; There are 33.93 million students in private education at all levels, an increase of 67.6% over 2005. In the stage of non-compulsory education, the scale of private education has grown rapidly, and the proportion of private education at the same level has continued to increase.
In 20 10, the total number of private colleges and universities in China reached 676 (including 323 independent colleges), and the number of students in private colleges and universities was 4.665 million, 2.2 times that of 2005, accounting for 20.9% of the total number of students in colleges and universities nationwide, 8.6 percentage points higher than that of 2005.
In 20 10, there were 5,622 private schools for general high school education in China, and the number of students in private high school education reached 537 1 10,000, an increase of 15 1 10,000 over 2005, accounting for12.7% of the students in general high schools in China [/kloc]
In 20 10, there were 20,000 private kindergartens 10.2 million, and the number of children in kindergartens/classes139,950, an increase of 7310.4 million compared with 2005, with an increase of1./kloc-0.
The second is to increase investment in education and strengthen basic capacity building.
(A) increase investment in education funds, and gradually improve the level of security.
1. The national financial investment in education is increasing.
In 2009, the total investment in education in China was 654.38+065.027 billion yuan, nearly double that in 2005. The national fiscal expenditure on education reached 1223 1. 1 billion yuan, an increase of 1.4 times over 2005; The proportion of GDP reached 3.59%, up 0.80 percentage points year-on-year.
2. The level of investment in education at all levels has been continuously improved, which has laid a good foundation for the development of education.
In 2009, the per capita budget expenditure of students in primary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools, secondary vocational schools and universities in China was 3,358 yuan, 4,332 yuan, 3,758 yuan, 4,263 yuan and 8,542 yuan, respectively, which were 2.5 times, 2.9 times,/kloc-0.9 times and/kloc-0 times that of 2005.
3. The investment structure of education funds has been continuously optimized, and compulsory education has been fully included in the scope of public financial security.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, China's compulsory education was fully included in the scope of public financial security. In 2009, the financial budget allocation for compulsory education reached 635.76 billion yuan, an increase of 15 1.4% compared with 2005, accounting for 87.7% of the total investment in compulsory education, an increase of 16.6 percentage points year-on-year.
4. Pay attention to the vulnerable groups and constantly improve the assistance system for the disadvantaged groups.
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the educational aid system at all levels has been continuously improved, and a new mechanism of national aid loan for higher education with national scholarship, bursary system and risk compensation as the core has been formed. Every year, more than 30 billion grants cover 5 million college students in more than 2,000 colleges and universities across the country.
From the fall semester of 2009, tuition fees for students from poor families in rural areas and students majoring in agriculture in secondary vocational schools will be exempted. From the fall semester of 20 10, the tuition-free policy will be extended to students with financial difficulties in urban families.
Starting from the fall semester of 20 10, the central and local governments jointly arranged funds to set up national grants for ordinary high schools to help students with financial difficulties.
(2) The continuous optimization of the hierarchical structure of the teaching staff has laid a solid foundation for promoting the development of educational connotation.
1. The qualifications of basic education teachers have basically reached the national legal standards.
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the qualified rate of primary and secondary school teachers has remained above 98%, basically reaching the minimum standard stipulated in the Teachers Law. In 20 10, 94.8% of the full-time teachers in ordinary senior high schools in China have bachelor degree or above, which basically meets the standards stipulated in the Teachers Law.
2. The proportion of double-qualified teachers in vocational schools has increased rapidly.
In 20 10, the proportion of double-qualified teachers in local higher vocational colleges reached 33.3%, which was 12.2 percentage points higher than that in 2005. The proportion of double-qualified teachers in secondary vocational schools in China is 2 1.4%, 9 percentage points higher than that in 2005.
3. The academic level of full-time teachers in colleges and universities is constantly improving.
In 20 10, the proportion of teachers with graduate education in colleges and universities was 57. 1%, which was 6.8 percentage points higher than that in 2005. Among them, the average undergraduate college was 67.8%, an increase of 20.5 percentage points year-on-year; The percentage of higher vocational colleges was 32.3%, up by 15.3 percentage points year-on-year, which greatly exceeded the qualified standard of Basic Conditions for Running Colleges and Universities (Trial).
4. New progress has been made in the construction of high-level talents.
During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, colleges and universities co-opted 36 academicians of China Academy of Sciences and 33 academicians of China Academy of Engineering, accounting for 56.25% and 40.74% respectively.
In 20 10, there were 3 academicians of China Academy of Sciences and 278 academicians of China Academy of Engineering, accounting for 43.72% and 37.02% of the national total respectively. There are 357 chief experts in Marxist theoretical research and construction engineering in colleges and universities, accounting for 67% of the national total.
By the end of 20 10, we had selected and supported Changjiang scholars and lecturers 1804 at home and abroad, trained and supported 39 high-level innovative teams1person, and trained and supported 5643 outstanding talents in the new century; More than 10 million young backbone teachers have been trained.
(3) The construction of educational informatization has achieved remarkable results and promoted the development of educational modernization.
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, educational informatization developed rapidly, and the national basic education resource database, higher quality education curriculum resource database and national vocational education resource database were initially established; Build the world's largest pure IPv6 Internet (CNGI-CERNET2 backbone network of China's next generation Internet demonstration project); The service levels of China Education and Research Computer Network (CERNET) and China Education Satellite Broadband Transmission Network (CEBSat) have been further improved.
Through the implementation of the "Modern Distance Education Project for Rural Primary and Secondary Schools", the central and local governments have initially established a distance education network benefiting more than 654.38 billion rural primary and secondary school students, striving to narrow the educational digital gap between the east and the west and between urban and rural areas.
The level of modern educational equipment in schools of all levels and types has been significantly improved. In 20 10, 77% of senior high schools and 46% of junior high schools built networks, and every 4.6 junior college students, 7.6 secondary vocational school students, 9 senior high school students, 16 junior high school students and 24 primary school students had 1 teaching computers.
Third, outstanding achievements have been made in personnel training and scientific research, and the level of human resources has been significantly improved.
(A) trained a large number of high-quality workers and skilled personnel.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, institutions of higher learning and secondary vocational schools sent 54.86 million graduates to the society, and the quality structure of the labor force changed greatly. Among them, graduate students graduated1667,000, with an average annual growth of15438+0%; There are 24.437 million college graduates, with an average annual increase of 65.438+03.4%; There are 28.756 million secondary vocational education graduates, with an average annual growth rate of 9.5%.
(2) The people's education level has been greatly improved.
In 2009, the number of people with higher education in China reached 98.3 million, ranking second in the world. The average years of education of the main working-age population reached 9.5 years, of which 9.9% received higher education; The average number of years of education of the newly-added labor force exceeds 12.4 years, which is higher than the world average and equivalent to the level above grade three in senior high school.
(3) The scientific and technological innovation and social service capabilities of institutions of higher learning have been continuously enhanced.
1. Strengthen the construction and management of innovation base platform in colleges and universities.
At present, there are 137 national key laboratories established in universities, accounting for 62% of the total; 583 key laboratories of the Ministry of Education; National engineering (technology) research centers 102 established by universities, accounting for 30.5% of the total; There are 27 national engineering laboratories established in universities, accounting for 29.7% of the total.
2. Strengthen pre-competition training and high-level overseas cooperation.
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the Ministry of Education supported the 1877 key scientific and technological research project, and invested more than 200 million yuan. The number of special funding projects for doctoral programs in colleges and universities has increased from more than 6,000 to111. During 2006-2008, a total of 126 innovation and intelligence introduction bases and 17 cultivation bases were established in batches, with a total investment of165.438+0.8 billion yuan.
3. The scientific and technological competitiveness of colleges and universities has been steadily improved, and a number of landmark innovations have been achieved.
During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, colleges and universities undertook about 30% of the major national science and technology projects. From 2006 to 20 10, colleges and universities, as the first undertaking unit, undertook 232,973 projects, accounting for 56.7% of the total; Undertaking 1 18 major scientific research projects, accounting for 49.4% of the total; Undertaking 4,376 projects of the 863 Program, with a funding of 7.5 billion, accounting for 30% of the total; Undertaking the national science and technology support project 1055, with a fund of 4.6 billion yuan, accounting for 20% of the total; He has undertaken 40,523 general projects of the National Natural Science Foundation, accounting for 8 1.05% of the total, and 1272 key projects, accounting for 66.88% of the total.
During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, colleges and universities in China won the National Natural Science Award 102, the Technological Invention Award 15 1 and the Scientific and Technological Progress Award 71. Among the three national awards of 20 10, university awards account for more than 70%. The total number of authorized patents in colleges and universities reached 1 15489, with an average annual increase of 40. 1%.
Four. International educational exchanges and cooperation have reached a new level.
(A) the rapid development of international education
During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the number of China students studying abroad and studying in China increased rapidly. In 20 10, the total number of students studying abroad was 285,000, an increase of 140.2% over 2005. The total number of returned overseas students is 6,543,835,000, an increase of 285.4% over 2005. By the end of 20 10, there were 273,200 overseas students/kloc-0. In 20 10, the number of international students in China was 265,000, an increase of124,000 compared with 2005, of which 40.5% were foreign students with academic education, an increase of 8.7 percentage points.
(2) International cooperation and exchanges have been continuously promoted, and Sino-foreign cooperative education projects have steadily increased.
At present, China has established educational cooperation and exchange relations with 188 countries and regions in the world, established a 18 high-level bilateral consultation mechanism for educational work, and built a number of bilateral and regional educational cooperation and exchange platforms. There are 54 educational cooperation agreements/KLOC-0 that have been signed and are still being implemented, and 77 intergovernmental educational cooperation projects are being implemented. Signed mutual recognition agreements with 36 countries and regions. Established educational cooperation and exchange relations with more than 40 important international organizations such as UNESCO, and carried out a large number of project cooperation.
Sino-foreign cooperation in running schools and the steady development of overseas running of colleges and universities. At present, there are more than 1200 Chinese-foreign cooperatively-run schools and projects approved by China's examination and approval authorities according to law. By the end of 20 10 and 12, 23 universities in China had held 56 overseas school-running projects.
(3) New breakthroughs have been made in the international promotion of Chinese, and remarkable achievements have been made in educational foreign aid.
By the end of 20 10, China had established 322 Confucius Institutes and 369 Confucius Classrooms in 96 countries (regions). The "Chinese Bridge" competition for college students has been held for nine times, and the competition for middle school students has been held for three times, which has played a great role in promoting China's language and culture and promoting friendship among people of all countries.
At present, China has established 10 foreign aid bases for education, established African research centers in 10 universities, implemented the "National Research Project of African Higher Education", and started sending non-professional graduate students to study in Africa.