At present, college students have a weak sense of safety, lack the necessary fire-fighting common sense and self-help and escape skills, and panic when encountering emergencies such as fires. Due to the lack of simple fire fighting knowledge, small fires often lead to great disasters; Or because of the lack of self-help knowledge and escape ability, lost the best chance to escape. At present, there are mainly the following fire hazards in student dormitories:
First, illegal use of electrical appliances. Illegal use of electrical appliances is the primary hidden danger of student dormitory fire. Illegal electrical appliances mainly refer to high-power or unsafe electrical appliances, such as electric refrigeration and rapid heating, rice cookers, electric cups and other electric heating equipment. Due to the limited load of power supply lines in student dormitories, high-power electrical appliances are used in crowded student dormitory areas, which makes the lines with small load easy to catch fire when carrying high-power electrical appliances. In addition, when using high-power electrical appliances, it is easy to cause fires due to forgetting or improper placement after being electrified.
Second, illegal use of open flames. The use of naked flame mainly refers to lighting candles, smoking and burning sundries in the dormitory. Most of the furniture in the dormitory is made of wood, and most of the items placed are flammable items such as bedding and books, which may cause a fire if you are not careful. For example, students throw cigarette butts everywhere after smoking, and once they come into contact with flammable materials, it may cause a fire.
Third, pull the wires privately. Due to the improvement of living conditions, electronic products in student dormitories are very popular. For the convenience of use, students tear wires in the dormitory, connect sockets indiscriminately, and even connect wires directly to the bed. The wires are not fixed, and they are often dragged around, resulting in loose connectors, which may easily lead to short circuit or fire due to poor contact and heat.
(2) Property safety risks
The hidden danger of property safety is another hidden danger of dormitory, which is mainly manifested in theft and fraud. On the one hand, most college students are living alone for the first time, lacking awareness of protecting their property, such as not forming the habit of locking the door after entering and leaving the dormitory; Don't close the door in summer; High-grade valuables are placed at will. All these provide opportunities for criminals and bring property losses to students. On the other hand, students are naturally kind and sometimes lack the ability to judge some things. Criminals take advantage of this weakness and cheat students in various forms.
(3) Personal safety hazards
Personal safety mainly comes from man-made infringement or physical injury caused by bad living habits, such as fighting, throwing objects from tall buildings, excessive games, unhealthy diet and illness. In order to ensure the safety of students, the school has strict lights-out time, but there are still students who can't resist the temptation outside the school and go home late or at night. Students are too addicted to online games, and sleep and malnutrition lead to sudden death, which poses a great threat to the personal safety of students.
Second, some thoughts on strengthening the management of safety education in student dormitories
(1) Strengthen students' safety education and improve students' safety awareness.
Safety education is an important content of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, and it is also an indispensable part of college students' knowledge system. Ensuring the safety of students is also the bottom line of all the work of the school and the guarantee for doing all the work well. In many developed countries, schools have perfect and systematic safety education for students. In the entrance education of school freshmen in China, safety education has been paid more and more attention, but the intensity is far from enough. Students' safety education depends not only on the important period of freshmen's admission, but also on the practice of the second class and students' self-education besides the explanation of the first class. Departments, societies, fire control and security departments and dormitory management departments can carry out safety education among students based on their own characteristics to improve their safety awareness. The school security department can use the first class to teach students the importance of campus safety and dormitory safety and the hidden dangers in the dormitory through cases. The dormitory management department organizes students to carry out dormitory escape and fire prevention drills to cultivate students' escape and self-help skills. In case of fire, earthquake and other emergencies, students can escape and save themselves smoothly. During major festivals, various associations can rely on the Internet, newspapers, blackboard newspapers, windows, etc. Carry out safety self-education activities for students, such as distributing newspapers to popularize fire prevention and theft prevention knowledge, showing pictures of hidden dangers in students' dormitories, holding fire prevention and theft prevention knowledge competitions, and collecting slogans for dormitory safety. All departments and classes can put forward safety requirements at important moments such as holidays, graduates leaving school and freshmen entering school, and carry out safety education for students.
(2) Improve the hardware facilities of student dormitories to ensure the safety of students.
In the dormitory management of many schools, we will encounter the problem of how to prevent students from using high-power electrical appliances to cause fires. However, in any case, the school strengthens management, and in every student dormitory safety inspection, high-power electrical appliances such as quick heating, electric cups, rice cookers, electric stoves and hair dryers will be found, which are indeed prohibited in student dormitories.
So how to improve this situation, in order to fundamentally eliminate the hidden dangers of dormitory safety? The author thinks that it should be considered from two aspects. First, improve the dormitory hardware facilities, and work hard from the word "limit". Transform the circuit of student dormitory to ensure that every student can have a socket and avoid the phenomenon of connecting wires without permission. Dormitory socket transformation, dormitory with limited power socket. If the dormitory uses high-power electrical appliances, the dormitory will be cut off immediately, thus effectively controlling the students to use high-power electrical appliances. Second, provide students with humanized services and work hard on the word "sparse". The reason why high-power electrical appliances are repeatedly banned is because students have demand for them and there are some inconveniences in daily life. The reason why students are keen on "fast heating" is that it is inconvenient to pump hot water in dormitory areas. Although the school provides students with free boiled water, the boiling water room is often on the first floor, which is particularly inconvenient for students living in high-rise student dormitories. In order to save time and trouble, some students "get hot quickly" in the dormitory came into being. Schools can gradually improve dormitory facilities. They can install a small water heater in each bathroom to supply hot water on a floor basis, instead of setting up a boiling room on a floor, which greatly facilitates students' daily life. For hair dryers, it is also favored by girls' dormitories. Especially in the north, it is easy to catch a cold and get sick if you don't blow dry your hair in time after washing it. It is our problem to solve the needs of students and the use of high-power electrical appliances. Schools can install hair dryers in dormitory bathrooms or baths, and students can dry their heads in baths and bathrooms, which naturally limits students' use of hair dryers in dormitories. If school conditions permit, a high-power computer room can be built in each dormitory to meet the reasonable needs of students.
Our school is also gradually improving the anti-theft safety of student dormitories. Last summer vacation, the school reformed the protective fence of Liulitai dormitory windows and installed anti-climbing escape windows. It not only solves the problem that illegal people use the fence to climb into the student dormitory, but also can escape safely in the event of fire, earthquake and other emergencies in the dormitory. This year 1 month, the school tried to install a barrier-free access system in Sizhai Student Dormitory, which can not only control the access of non-members in the building, but also master the access of students in the building.
(C) the establishment of student dormitory safety management system, the implementation of dormitory safety post responsibility system
The Fire Prevention Department of the Security Department and the Dormitory Management Department of the Ministry of Science and Technology are the supervision departments for the fire safety of students' dormitories in our school, but it is far from enough to realize the safety management of dormitories only by relying on the supervision of these two departments. In order to prevent and eliminate fire accidents in student dormitories, ensure the property of student dormitories and the personal safety of students, and timely investigate and eliminate fire hazards in student dormitories, it is necessary to form a fire safety responsibility network with the participation and cooperation of schools, colleges, counselors and students. Each college should set up a leading group for fire safety in student dormitories, headed by the Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee (Secretary) in charge of student work and attended by all counselors, to implement the post responsibility system step by step, realize the division of responsibilities, and ensure the long-term mechanism of fire safety in dormitory from the organization and personnel. The Letter of Responsibility for Fire Safety in Student Dormitories of Tianjin University signed between universities establishes the responsibilities at all levels and clarifies the functions at all levels. The relevant person in charge of the college should make daily, weekly, monthly and quarterly inspections of fire safety, and all relevant departments of the school should make relevant spot checks.
The safety work of student dormitory has a great influence, and the consequences are often very serious, even involving the safety and stability of the school. Only by constantly strengthening safety education, raising students' safety awareness, conducting regular safety inspections, improving dormitory hardware facilities and perfecting the responsibility system of dormitory safety management can we do a good job in dormitory safety management.