Mechanical arm is the most widely used automatic mechanical device in the field of robotics, and it can be seen in industrial manufacturing, medical care, entertainment services, military, semiconductor manufacturing, space exploration and other fields. Although they have different forms, they all have one common feature, that is, they can accept instructions and accurately locate a point in three-dimensional (or two-dimensional) space for operation. What types of mechanical arms are there? What are the components of the mechanical arm? What types of mechanical arms are there?

According to different structural forms, robot arms can be divided into multi-joint robot arms, Cartesian robot arms, spherical robot arms, polar robot arms, cylindrical robot arms and so on. The picture on the right shows a common six-degree-of-freedom manipulator. It consists of six degrees of freedom: x motion, y motion, z motion, x rotation, y rotation and z rotation.

Composition structure of mechanical arm

(1) Move the element. Such as oil cylinder, air cylinder, rack, cam, etc. It is the part that drives the arm to move.

(2) guide device. It is to ensure the correct orientation of the arm and bear the bending and torsion moment caused by the weight of the workpiece.

(3) weapons. It plays the role of connecting and bearing external forces. Components on the arm, such as oil cylinder, guide rod and control components, are all installed on the arm.

In addition, according to the requirements of manipulator movement and work, such as pipeline, cooling device, stroke positioning device and automatic detection device. , generally installed on the arm. Therefore, the structure, working range, bearing capacity and action accuracy of the manipulator directly affect the working performance of the manipulator.

Engineering application of mechanical arm

The brain controls the arm

The mechanical arm is completely controlled by the user's consciousness and smart enough to pick up a cup and drink a drink without the help of others. The creator of this mechanical arm is a research team with members from California Institute of Technology and other institutions. Among them, the neural chip was implanted in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) of Sorto.

The implantation position of the control chip of this mechanical arm is different from that of other paralyzed users before. Usually, this control chip is implanted in the brain area that controls muscles, while PPC is the area that controls our action intention, which moves and makes the movement of the mechanical arm controlled by ErikSorto more smooth and natural. What ericson wants to do is to think about what he wants to do, and through a lot of practice, let the mechanical arm perform the task he is considering.

Rubber robot arm

Scientists have developed a rubber mechanical arm that can catch ants instead of crushing them to death. At present, this kind of mechanical arm is still in the research and development stage. Scientists immersed the metal wire in liquid silicone rubber, solidified it and pulled it out to get a tentacle 5-8 mm long and as thin as a hair. The inside of the tentacle is divided into many small squares, which can make various actions by compressing airflow, and can hold the ant's waist tightly without causing harm.

Scientists believe that this kind of tentacle will be of great use in the future, of course, not to catch ants for fun, but to perform such sophisticated heart and embryonic vascular surgery.